Symplasmic and transmembrane zinc transport is modulated by cadmium in the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii.

This study investigated the influence of Cd (25 µM) on Zn accumulation in a hyperaccumulating (HE) and a non-hyperaccumulating (NHE) ecotype of Sedum alfredii Hance at short-term supply of replete (Zn5, 5 µM) and excess (Zn400, 400 µM) Zn. Cd inhibited Zn accumulation in both ecotypes, especially under Zn400, in organs with active metal sequestration, i.e.

Zinc priming enhances Capsicum annuum immunity against infection by Botrytis cinerea- From the whole plant to the molecular level.

Micronutrient manipulation can enhance crop resilience against pathogens, but the mechanisms are mostly unknown. We tested whether priming Capsicum annuum plants with zinc (5 μM Zn) or manganese (3 μM Mn) for six weeks increases their immunity against the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea compared to deficient (0.1 μM Zn, 0.

Differential Antioxidant Response to Supplemental UV-B Irradiation and Sunlight in Three Basil Varieties.

Three basil plant varieties ( var. Genovese, × , and var. ) were grown under moderate light (about 300 µmol photons m s) in a glasshouse or growth chamber and then either transferred to an open field (average daily dose: 29.

Copper and zinc accumulation, distribution, and tolerance in Pistia stratiotes L.; revealing the role of root caps.

Pollution by potentially toxic trace metals, such as copper or zinc, is global. Both Cu and Zn are essential microelements, which in higher concentrations become toxic. The aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes(L.

Disturbed electron transport beyond PSI changes metabolome and transcriptome in Zn-deficient soybean.

Low Zn availability in soils is a problem in many parts of the world, with tremendous consequences for food and feed production because Zn deficiency affects the yield and quality of plants. In this study we investigated the consequences of Zn-limitation in hydroponically cultivated soybean (Glycine max L.) plants.

Cadmium and Zn hyperaccumulation provide efficient constitutive defense against Turnip yellow mosaic virus infection in Noccaea caerulescens.

To understand the role of Zn and Cd in anti-viral defence, Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens plants grown with deficient (0.3 µM), replete (10 µM) and excess (100 µM) Zn and Cd (10 µM Zn + 1 µM Cd) were infected with Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV). Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics analyses demonstrated direct TYMV effects on photosynthetic light reactions but N.

Perioperative Outcome of Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate versus Robot-Assisted Simple Prostatectomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare clinical safety and efficiency of Thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) and robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) for the treatment of large gland benign prostatic hyperplasia in a tertiary care center.

Methods: Perioperative data of 39 patients who underwent RASP in our institution from 2015 to 2021 was collected. Propensity score matching using prostate volume, patient age, and body mass index (BMI) was performed from a database of 1,100 Patients treated by ThuLEP from 2009 to 2021.

Trace metals at the frontline of pathogen defence responses in non-hyperaccumulating plants.

Metal hyperaccumulation is an exclusive evolutionary trait contributing to efficient plant defence against biotic stress. The defence can be based on direct metal toxicity or the joint effects of accumulated metal and organic compounds, the latter being based on integrated signalling networks. While the role of metals in biotic stress defence of hyperaccumulators has been intensively studied, their role in the pathogen immunity of non-accumulator plants is far less understood.

Desiccation Tolerance in Panc.: An Integrative Transcriptomic, Proteomic, Metabolite and Photosynthetic Study.

The resurrection plant Panc. survives long desiccation periods and fully recovers metabolic functions within one day upon watering. This study aimed to identify key candidates and pathways involved in desiccation tolerance in We combined differential transcriptomics and proteomics, phenolic and sugar analysis, FTIR analysis of the cell wall polymers, and detailed analysis of the photosynthetic electron transport (PET) chain.

Combined Spraying of Boron and Zinc During Fruit Set and Premature Stage Improves Yield and Fruit Quality of European Hazelnut cv. Tonda di Giffoni.

Boron (B) and zinc (Zn) are essential micronutrients of plant nutrition programs in orchards for securing the crop quality and yield. Although orchard supplementation with B and Zn is a common practice to overcome deficiencies or maintain their optimal levels, the efficiency of combined B and Zn spraying in relation to European hazelnut ( L.) phenological stage has not been investigated so far.

Efficient protein extraction for shotgun proteomics from hydrated and desiccated leaves of resurrection Ramonda serbica plants.

Resurrection plant Ramonda serbica is a suitable model to investigate vegetative desiccation tolerance. However, the detailed study of these mechanisms at the protein level is hampered by the severe tissue water loss, high amount of phenolics and polysaccharide, and possible protein modifications and aggregations during the extraction and purification steps. When applied to R.

Direct inhibition of photosynthesis by Cd dominates over inhibition caused by micronutrient deficiency in the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri.

This work reveals, by imaging in vivo measurements in the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri, in how far Cd stress affects macronutrient (Ca, K) and micronutrient (Fe, Zn) distribution in the leaves. We directly correlate these changes with biophysics of the photosynthetic light reactions. Plants were grown for 2 months at 10 μM Zn (=control), and supplemented with 10, 15, 50 or 75 μM Cd.

Interaction Between Zn Deficiency, Toxicity and Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus Infection in .

Zinc is essential for the functioning of numerous proteins in plants. To investigate how Zn homeostasis interacts with virus infection, Zn-tolerant plants exposed to deficient (Zn'0'), optimal (Zn10), and excess Zn (Zn100) concentrations, as well as Cd amendment, were infected with Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV). Imaging analysis of fluorescence kinetics from the μs (OJIP) to the minutes (Kautsky effect, quenching analysis) time domain revealed strong patchiness of systemic virus-induced photosystem II (PSII) inhibition.

Analysis of trace metal distribution in plants with lab-based microscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging.

Background: Many metals are essential for plants and humans. Knowledge of metal distribution in plant tissues in vivo contributes to the understanding of physiological mechanisms of metal uptake, accumulation and sequestration. For those studies, X-rays are a non-destructive tool, especially suited to study metals in plants.

Contribution of amylose-procyanidin complexes to slower starch digestion of red-colored rice prepared by cooking with adzuki bean.

Combining high-carbohydrate food with polyphenol-rich food is a possible way of producing slowly digestible starch with beneficial health properties. In Japan, non-glutinous and glutinous rice are cooked with adzuki bean and the colour of the cooked rice is pale red. In this article, we show that (1) the red colour of rice could be attributed to the oxidation of adzuki bean procyanidins, (2) pancreatin-induced starch digestion of the red-coloured non-glutinous rice was slower than white rice and (3) the digestion of amylose and potato starch but not amylopectin became slower by heating with procyanidin B2.

Procyanidins in rice cooked with adzuki bean and their contribution to the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide (NO) in artificial gastric juice.

In Japan, adzuki bean is cooked with rice. During the cooking, the colour of rice becomes pale red. It is postulated that the red pigment is produced from procyanidins and that the ingestion of red rice causes the production of nitric oxide (NO) in the stomach by reacting with salivary nitrite.

Resource allocation in response to herbivory and gall formation in Linaria vulgaris.

Trehalose and its precursor, trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P), are essential regulators of plant response to abiotic and biotic stress. Here we used the specific host-insect interaction between Linaria vulgaris (Plantaginaceae) and stem-galling weevil, Rhinusa pilosa (Mecinini, Curculionidae) with the aim to distinguish carbohydrate allocation patterns in response to herbivory, gall formation (G1, 24 h after oviposition), and gall development (G2, 7 days after oviposition) under controlled conditions. The hypothesis is that herbivory and galling induce distinct responses in both leaves and stems, and that shifts in carbon allocations are regulated by signaling sugars.

Analysis of OJIP Chlorophyll Fluorescence Kinetics and Q Reoxidation Kinetics by Direct Fast Imaging.

Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic analysis has become an important tool in basic and applied research on plant physiology and agronomy. While early systems recorded the integrated kinetics of a selected spot or plant, later systems enabled imaging of at least the slower parts of the kinetics (20-ms time resolution). For faster events, such as the rise from the basic dark-adapted fluorescence yield to the maximum (OJIP transient), or the fluorescence yield decrease during reoxidation of plastoquinone A after a saturating flash, integrative systems are used because of limiting speed of the available imaging systems.

Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Insights into the Response to (CBCVd) in Hop ( L.).

Viroids are smallest known pathogen that consist of non-capsidated, single-stranded non-coding RNA replicons and they exploits host factors for their replication and propagation. The severe stunting disease caused by (CBCVd) is a serious threat, which spreads rapidly within hop gardens. In this study, we employed comprehensive transcriptome analyses to dissect host-viroid interactions and identify gene expression changes that are associated with disease development in hop.

Biomonitoring of Urban Pollution Using Silicon-Accumulating Species, Phyllostachys aureosulcata 'Aureocaulis'.

We investigated metal accumulation in bamboo leaves during three seasons at three urban locations differing in pollution levels. The higher content of Cu, Pb, and Zn in the leaves was in correlation with the highest bioavailable content of these elements in the soil at the most polluted location. The content of leaf trace elements was higher in summer and autumn compared to spring.

Antioxidative response in variegated Pelargonium zonale leaves and generation of extracellular HO in (peri)vascular tissue induced by sunlight and paraquat.

In this study we exposed variegated leaves of Pelargonium zonale to strong sunlight (>1100μmolms of photosynthetically active radiation) with and without paraquat (Pq), with the aim to elucidate the mechanisms of HO regulation in green and white tissues with respect to the photosynthetically-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sunlight induced marked accumulation of HO in the apoplast of vascular and (peri)vascular tissues only in green sectors. This effect was enhanced by the addition of Pq.

Physiological basis of differential zinc and copper tolerance of Verbascum populations from metal-contaminated and uncontaminated areas.

Metal contamination represents a strong selective pressure favoring tolerant genotypes and leading to differentiation between plant populations. We investigated the adaptive capacity of early-colonizer species of Verbascum recently exposed to Zn- and Cu-contaminated soils (10-20 years). Two Verbascum thapsus L.

Characterisation of antioxidants in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic leaf tissues of variegated Pelargonium zonale plants.

Hydrogen peroxide is an important signalling molecule, involved in regulation of numerous metabolic processes in plants. The most important sources of H2 O2 in photosynthetically active cells are chloroplasts and peroxisomes. Here we employed variegated Pelargonium zonale to characterise and compare enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the antioxidative system in autotrophic and heterotrophic leaf tissues at (sub)cellular level under optimal growth conditions.