Bacterial bioaugmentation for paracetamol removal from water and sewage sludge. Genomic approaches to elucidate biodegradation pathway.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are recognized as significant contributors of paracetamol (APAP) into the environment due to their limited ability to degrade it. This study used a bioaugmentation strategy with Pseudomonas extremaustralis CSW01 and Stutzerimonas stutzeri CSW02 to achieve APAP biodegradation in solution in wide ranges of temperature (10-40 °C) and pH (5-9), reaching DT values < 1.5 h to degrade 500 mg L APAP.

Ibuprofen-enhanced biodegradation in solution and sewage sludge by a mineralizing microbial consortium. Shift in associated bacterial communities.

Ibuprofen (IBP) is a widely used drug of environmental concern as emerging contaminant due to its low elimination rates by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), leading to the contamination of the environment, where IBP is introduced mainly from wastewater discharge and sewage sludge used as fertilizer. This study describes the application of a consortium from sewage sludge and acclimated with ibuprofen (consortium C7) to accelerate its biodegradation both in solution and sewage sludge. 500 mg L IBP was degraded in solution in 28 h, and 66% mineralized in 3 days.

Genome analysis for the identification of genes involved in phenanthrene biodegradation pathway in CPHE1. Phenanthrene mineralization in soils assisted by integrated approaches.

Phenanthrene (PHE) is a highly toxic compound, widely present in soils. For this reason, it is essential to remove PHE from the environment. CPHE1 was isolated from an industrial soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and was sequenced to identify the PHE degrading genes.

Genome sequence of CPHE1, a powerful phenanthrene-degrading bacterium.

Environmental pollution caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) involves a high-risk and have received considerable attention due to their carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic properties. Phenanthrene (PHE) is a low molecular weight PAH, which has three benzene rings. It is one of the most common PAH found in contaminated environments mainly due to its low volatilization ability and hydrophobic character.

Isolation of Novel Bacterial Strains CSW01 and CSW02 from Sewage Sludge for Paracetamol Biodegradation.

Paracetamol is one of the most used pharmaceuticals worldwide, but due to its widespread use it is detected in various environmental matrices, such as surface and ground waters, sediments, soils or even plants, where it is introduced mainly from the discharge of wastewater and the use of sewage sludge as fertilizer in agriculture. Its accumulation in certain organisms can induce reproductive, neurotoxic or endocrine disorders, being therefore considered an emerging pollutant. This study reports on the isolation, from sewage sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), of bacterial strains capable of degrading paracetamol.

Randomized phase 3 noninferiority trial of radiotherapy and cisplatin vs radiotherapy and cetuximab after docetaxel-cisplatin-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced unresectable head and neck cancer.

Objectives: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for patients with unresectable, locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN); induction chemotherapy (ICT) may provide survival benefits in some patients. This study aimed to demonstrate the noninferiority of concomitant cetuximab plus radiotherapy (cet+RT) vs cisplatin plus radiotherapy (cis+RT) in patients with unresectable LA-SCCHN who were responsive to ICT.

Materials And Methods: This randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial studied patients with unresectable LA-SCCHN who received 3 cycles of ICT (docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil; TPF) followed by cis+RT (standard arm) or cet+RT (experimental arm).

Novel nonylphenol-degrading bacterial strains isolated from sewage sludge: Application in bioremediation of sludge.

Nonylphenol (NP) is an anthropogenic pollutant frequently found in sewage sludge due to the insufficient degrading effectiveness of conventional WWTPs and has attracted attention as an endocrine disruptor. The aim of this study was to isolate specific NP-degrading bacteria from sewage sludge to be used in the degradation of this contaminant through bioaugmentation processes in aqueous solution and sewage sludge. Up to eight different bacterial strains were isolated, six of them not previously described as NP degraders.

Bioremediation of a trifluralin contaminated soil using bioaugmentation with novel isolated bacterial strains and cyclodextrin.

Trifluralin (TFL) is a highly persistent with a strong adsorption capacity on soil particles herbicide. This study was to isolate microbial consortia and bacterial strains from a soil with a historical application of pesticides to evaluate their potential to degrade TFL in soil. Different bioremediation techniques were considered for increasing the effectiveness of TFL degradation in soil.

Dissipation of a mix of priority PAHs in soils by using availability enhancers. Effect of aging and pollutant interactions.

A remediation strategy using three non-toxic availability enhancers (two cyclodextrins and a rhamnolipid biosurfactant) was applied to various soils artificially contaminated with a mix of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) considered priority pollutants at two levels of contamination: only with 7 low molecular weight PAHs (LMW PAHs, 5 with 3-ring and 2 with 4-ring - fluoranthene and pyrene) or with 14 PAHs (from 3 to 6 rings). Natural attenuation of PAHs in all soils showed degradation capacity for the LMW PAHs, with a final content of LMW PAHs <5% of their initial concentration. Conversely, the rest of PAHs (high molecular weight PAHs, HMW) remained in the soils (61% - 83.

A comprehensive feasibility study of effectiveness and environmental impact of PAH bioremediation using an indigenous microbial degrader consortium and a novel strain Stenotrophomonas maltophilia CPHE1 isolated from an industrial polluted soil.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are major toxic and recalcitrant pollutants in the environment. This study assessed the capacity of an isolated soil microbial consortium (OMC) to biodegrade PAHs. OMC was able to reach 100% biodegradation of naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene and phenanthrene in solution, and up to 76% and 50% of anthracene and fluoranthene, respectively, from a mix of 16 PAHs.

Soil bioremediation by cyclodextrins. A review.

Remediation of soils contaminated by organic pollutants has become an urgent necessity worldwide. A wide variety of techniques have been developed but many of them are associated with drawbacks (complexity, high costs, environmental risks, etc.).

Extraction of nonylphenol, pyrene and phenanthrene from sewage sludge and composted biosolids by cyclodextrins and rhamnolipids.

Sewage sludge generated by Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs) are frequently used as organic amendments in agriculture, but they contain pollutants such as Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) and organic contaminants which contaminate the agricultural soils. The study presented here is part of a larger study based on the application of environmentally friendly chemical and biological techniques to decrease the content of organic pollutants in sewage sludge before agricultural application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of biodegradable extractants, such as some cyclodextrins (CDs), β-cyclodextrin (BCD), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) and randomly methylated-β-cyclodextrin (RAMEB), and a biosurfactant (rhamnolipid, RL) on the removal and availability of pyrene (PYR), phenanthrene (PHE) and nonylphenol (NP) from several biosolids samples in order to improve their subsequent biodegradation.

Bioaugmentation of PAH-Contaminated Soils With Novel Specific Degrader Strains Isolated From a Contaminated Industrial Site. Effect of Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin as PAH Bioavailability Enhancer.

A PAHs-contaminated industrial soil was analyzed using PCR amplification of the gene 16S ribosomal RNA for the detection and identification of different isolated bacterial strains potentially capable of degrading PAHs. Novel degrader strains were isolated and identified as 2BC8 and JR62, which were able to degrade PYR in solution, achieving a mineralization rate of about 1% day. was also able to mineralize PYR in slurry systems using three selected soils, and the total extent of mineralization (once a plateau was reached) increased 4.

Natural and assisted dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a long-term co-contaminated soil with creosote and potentially toxic elements.

An enhanced bioremediation strategy was applied to an industrial soil co-contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs). Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) and a natural mixture of two rhamnolipids (RL) were added to increase PAHs bioavailability, and combined with a microbial consortium (MC) to biodegrade soil PAHs. Bioavailability of only six PAHs (3-, 4-ring PAHs) increased when using HPBCD, with a maximum increase about 2.

Extraction of PAHS from an aged creosote-polluted soil by cyclodextrins and rhamnolipids. Side effects on removal and availability of potentially toxic elements.

This study evaluated the effect of several cyclodextrins (CDs) and a rhamnolipid (RL) on the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a co-contaminated soil which had received historically creosote and inorganic wood preservatives for almost 100 years, and the effect of such extractions on the potentially toxic elements (PTEs). The influence on such processes of an electrolyte (0.01 M Ca(NO)) was also studied.

Combined use of microbial consortia isolated from different agricultural soils and cyclodextrin as a bioremediation technique for herbicide contaminated soils.

The phenylurea herbicide diuron is persistent in soil, water and groundwater and is considered to be a highly toxic molecule. The principal product of its biodegradation, 3,4-dichloroaniline, exhibits greater toxicity than diuron and is persistent in the environment. Five diuron degrading microbial consortia (C1C5), isolated from different agricultural soils, were investigated for diuron mineralization activity.

Lignin and ethylcellulose in controlled release formulations to reduce leaching of chloridazon and metribuzin in light-textured soils.

In this research, controlled release formulations (CRFs) of the herbicides chloridazon and metribuzin, identified as potential leachers, have been evaluated in soils with different texture. To prepare the CRFs, ethylcellulose (EC) and dibutylsebacate (DBS) have been used as coating agents in lignin-polyethylene glycol based formulations. Mobility experiments have been carried out in two light textured soils (sandy and sandy-loam).

Technological applications of organo-montmorillonites in the removal of pyrimethanil from water: adsorption/desorption and flocculation studies.

Pyrimethanil (2-aniline-4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine, PRM) is used in fruit packing plants to control fungal infections and diseases. The effluents greatly polluted with this fungicide, as a point source contamination, need to be technologically treated for their regeneration before they reach water bodies. This work evaluates the use of organo-montmorillonites, synthetized in our laboratory, for their application in adsorption and coagulation/flocculation processes for the removal of PRM from water.

Behaviour of glyphosate in a reservoir and the surrounding agricultural soils.

Glyphosate (GPS) is an herbicide currently used on olive crops in Spain, and can be transported to the nearby reservoirs currently used for human consumption. The purpose of this work was to study the behaviour and environmental fate of GPS in water and sediments of the Vibora Reservoir, its tributary river, and the surrounding agricultural soils to assess the risk of water pollution of this reservoir. The adsorption of GPS by different matrices was as follows: heading of the reservoir sediment (Cabecera)>tail sediment (Cola)>soils>Vibora sediment.

Advanced technologies for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soils.

The occurrence of pesticides in soil has become a highly significant environmental problem, which has been increased by the vast use of pesticides worldwide and the absence of remediation technologies that have been tested at full-scale. The aim of this review is to give an overview on technologies really studied and/or developed during the last years for remediation of soils contaminated by pesticides. Depending on the nature of the decontamination process, these techniques have been included into three categories: containment-immobilization, separation or destruction.

Bioremediation of diuron contaminated soils by a novel degrading microbial consortium.

Diuron is a biologically active pollutant present in soil, water and sediments. It is persistent in soil, water and groundwater and slightly toxic to mammals and birds as well as moderately toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Its principal product of biodegradation, 3,4-dichloroaniline, exhibits a higher toxicity than diuron and is also persistent in the environment.

Effect of controlled release formulations of diuron and alachlor herbicides on the biochemical activity of agricultural soils.

The use of pesticides in agriculture is essential because it reduces the economic losses caused by pests, improving crop yields. In spite of the growing number of studies concerning the development and application of controlled release formulations (CRFs) of pesticides in agricultural soils, there are no studies about the effects of such formulations on the biochemical properties. In this paper the dissipation of diuron and alachlor in three agricultural soils for 127days, applied either as commercial or CRFs, was determined as well as their concomitant effects on soil biochemical properties.

Saponin determination, expression analysis and functional characterization of saponin biosynthetic genes in Chenopodium quinoa leaves.

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a highly nutritious pseudocereal with an outstanding protein, vitamin, mineral and nutraceutical content. The leaves, flowers and seed coat of quinoa contain triterpenoid saponins, which impart bitterness to the grain and make them unpalatable without postharvest removal of the saponins.

Natural attenuation of fluorene and pyrene in contaminated soils and assisted with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Effect of co-contamination.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the mutual effect of the PAHs fluorene and pyrene on their respective biodegradation and dissipation processes in an agricultural soil, and to determine the effect of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD), used to increase the bioavailability of PAHs, on such processes. Fluorene dissipation was primarily due to abiotic processes, although a small contribution from biodegradation was also observed. Therefore, fluorene dissipation did not increase with HPBCD and its presence did not significantly alter the dehydrogenase activity.