In vivo and in vitro inhibition of pancreatic cancer growth by targeted alpha therapy using 213Bi-CHX.A"-C595.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of targeted alpha therapy for the control of in vitro pancreatic cancer cell clusters and micrometastatic cancer lesions in vivo.

Methods: The expression of tumor-associated antigen MUC-1 on three pancreatic cancer cell clusters and animal xenografts was detected by indirect immmunostaining. Monoclonal antibodies C595 (test) and A2 (non-specific control) were labeled with 213Bi using the chelator CHX.

Cytotoxicity of PAI2, C595 and Herceptin vectors labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope Bismuth-213 for ovarian cancer cell monolayers and clusters.

The vectors PAI2, C595 and Herceptin target the membrane-bound uPA, MUC1 and HER2 antigens expressed by cancer cells, respectively. The expression of these receptors was tested in the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3; MUC-1 was strongly expressed (3+), uPA moderately expressed (2+), but HER2 was negative (-). The alpha-emitting radionuclide Bismuth-213 was chelated with these targeting vectors to form alpha conjugates (ACs), the cytotoxicity of which were tested with OVCAR-3 cells.

Cyclotron production of Ac-225 for targeted alpha therapy.

The feasibility of producing Ac-225 by proton irradiation of Ra-226 in a cyclotron through the reaction Ra-226(p,2n)Ac-225 has been experimentally demonstrated for the first time. Proton energies were varied from 8.8 to 24.

Importance of receptor density in alpha radioimmunotherapy in B cell malignancies: an in-vitro study.

Background: External beam radiotherapy and beta radioimmunotherapy (RIT) are effective treatments for lymphoid malignancies. The development of RIT with alpha emitters is attractive because of the high linear energy transfer (LET) and short path length, allowing higher tumour cell kill and lower toxicity to healthy tissues.

Aim: To assess the binding of rituximab to samples of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) and splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL), and to evaluate the induction of apoptosis by conventional therapies as well as with Bi conjugated to rituximab.

Age determination of highly enriched uranium: separation and analysis of 231Pa.

An analytical procedure has been developed for the age determination of highly enriched uranium samples exploiting the mother/daughter pair 235U/231Pa. Protactinium is separated from bulk uranium through highly selective sorption to silica gel and is subsequently quantified using alpha-spectrometry. The method has been validated using uranium standard reference materials of known ages.

Determination of the age of highly enriched uranium.

This paper describes the analytical methods (thermal ionization mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and alpha spectrometry) that have been developed for determination of the age of uranium and discusses their advantages and limitations. With regard to potential application of the methods (e.g.

Efficient in vitro plant regeneration from immature zygotic embryos of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] and Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.

We report here an in vitro culture system that provides reliable, highly efficient regeneration from immature embryos of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.

Adequacy of dialysis and nutritional status in hemodialysis patients.

Twenty-three nondiabetic end-stage renal failure patients on hemodialysis were studied for adequacy of dialysis and nutritional status. Midweek predialysis blood urea nitrogen was 27.1 +/- 6.

[Urbanization and development of the urban population in the German Democratic Republic].

The authors present evidence that "urbanisation in the GDR [German Democratic Republic] has considerably increased within the last 30 years though statistically the urban population has only slightly grown. Urbanisation is seen as a socio-economic process, as a stage-by-stage transition from the rural to the urban way of life. The socialist changes led to a spread and consolidation of the urban way of life.

Reliving the last goodbye: the psychotherapy of an almost silent patient.

Periods of silence in psychotherapy have many meanings and often possess extreme emotional power. In this paper I will describe prolonged silences shared with a young woman, which had an unconscious significance not yet explored in the extensive psychoanalytic literature concerning silence. Within the context of a 30-session focal psychotherapy she was comfortably silent most of the time during our first 25 meetings.

Experiences within a borderline syndrome.

This paper provides an experiential view of a borderline syndrome and its psychotherapy. In a letter to her therapist a gifted patient speaks of the symptoms and treatment of her illness. This provides the basis for studying the precipitous transference relationships in borderline patients and the urgent need in these patients for clarity and dependability from their therapists.