Disruption of serotonin homeostasis in intestinal organoids provides insights into drug-induced gastrointestinal toxicity.

Drug-induced gastrointestinal toxicity is a frequent clinical adverse event that needs to be carefully monitored and managed to ensure patient compliance. While preclinical assessment of drug-induced gastrointestinal toxicity mostly relies on animal experimentation, intestinal organoids have gained increasing attention to identify gastrointestinal toxicants in vitro. Nonetheless, current in vitro protocols primarily assess structural alterations induced by drugs, whereas gastrointestinal adverse events can often stem from functional disturbances.

Treatment options for unstable posterior pelvic ring lesions: A multicenter retrospective cohort study of the Italian Society for the Traumatology of the Pelvis.

Purpose: Posterior pelvic ring lesions are a common finding in patients with pelvic trauma, representing a challenging condition for trauma surgeons. Surgical options are different and there is not yet evidence about the best option. Aim of the study are: (i) to compare Lumbopelvic fixation (LPF) and ilio-sacral screw fixation (ISS) regarding clinical and radiological outcome in unstable posterior pelvic ring injuries, both as whole population and single similar fracture types according to Tile classification (C1vsC1, C2vsC2, C3vsC3); (ii) to analyze clinical outcomes and complications in lumbopelvic fixation group, comparing open and closed reduction technique.

A self-help mobile messaging intervention to improve subthreshold depressive symptoms among older adults in a socioeconomically deprived region of Brazil (PRODIGITAL): a pragmatic, two-arm randomised controlled trial.

Background: Subthreshold depression is a risk factor for major depression and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially in older adults. There is emerging evidence that digital interventions, including self-help interventions, may reduce depressive symptoms. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile messaging intervention at reducing subthreshold depressive symptoms among older adults in Brazil.

Engagement challenges in digital mental health programs: hybrid approaches and user retention of an online self-knowledge journey in Brazil.

Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) have surged in popularity over the last few years. However, adherence to self-guided interventions remains a major hurdle to overcome. The current study utilized a phased implementation design, incorporating diverse samples and contexts to delve into the engagement challenges faced by a recently launched online mental health platform in Brazil with self-evaluation forms.

Effects of sulphur thermal water inhalations in long-COVID syndrome: Spa-centred, double-blinded, randomised case-control pilot study.

Background: The long-COVID syndrome is characterised by a plethora of symptoms. Given its social and economic impact, many studies have stressed the urgency of proposing innovative strategies other than hospital settings. In this double-blinded, randomised, case-control trial, we investigate the effects of sulphur thermal water inhalations, rich in HS, compared to distilled water inhalations on symptoms, inflammatory markers and nasal microbiome in long-COVID patients.

Rational design, synthesis, and biophysical characterization of a peptidic MDM2-MDM4 interaction inhibitor.

In recent years, the restoration of p53 physiological functions has become an attractive therapeutic approach to develop novel and efficacious cancer therapies. Among other mechanisms, the oncosuppressor protein p53 is functionally regulated by MDM2 through its E3 ligase function. MDM2 promotes p53 ubiquitination and degradation following homodimerization or heterodimerization with MDM4.

Influence of prior contact with community mental health services on first inpatient psychiatric admission for ethnic minorities: Findings from the NOMIAC study.

Background: Research has extensively documented inequalities in inpatient psychiatric care provided to people of minoritized ethnic groups. Nonetheless, the role of their previous engagement with community mental health care has been little studied.

Aims: We aimed at exploring whether previous clinical care can influence key domains of subsequent psychiatric inpatient care for people of ethnic minorities.

Unpacking Perceptions on Patient Safety: A Study of Nursing Home Staff in Italy.

Nursing homes (NHs) are crucial for de-hospitalization and addressing the needs of non-self-sufficient individuals with complex health issues. This study investigates the patient safety culture (PSC) in NHs within a northern Italian region, focusing on factor influencing overall safety perceptions and their contributions to subjective judgements of safety. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 25 NHs in the Autonomous Province of Trento.

Safety profile assessment of HPV4 and HPV9 vaccines through the passive surveillance system of the Veneto Region (Italy) between 2008 and 2022: A 15-year retrospective observational study.

In Veneto Region, HPV vaccine has been actively offered to 12 year-old females since 2008, and to 12 year-old males since 2015. The study aims to analyze the safety profile of HPV4v and HPV9v vaccines and perform a case-by-case review of conditions of interest. Spontaneous reports related to HPV uploaded to the database of the Regional Pharmacovigilance Center between 2008-2022 were included.

Probing the optical properties and toxicological profile of zinc tungstate nanorods.

Zinc tungstate is a semiconductor known for its favorable photocatalytic, photoluminescence, and scintillation properties, coupled with its relatively low cost, reduced toxicity, and high stability in biological and catalytic environments. In particular, zinc tungstate evinces scintillation properties, namely the ability to emit visible light upon absorption of energetic radiation such as x rays, which has led to applications not only as radiation detectors but also for biomedical applications involving the delivery of optical light to deep tissue, such as photodynamic therapy and optogenetics. Here, we report on the synthesis of zinc tungstate nanorods generated via an optimized but facile method, which allows for synthetic control over the aspect ratio of the as-synthesized anisotropic motifs via rational variation of the solution pH.

Assessing the mental health needs of Yazidi adolescents and young adults in an Iraqi Kurdi IDP Camp: a focus group study.

Background: Internally displaced people (IDP) in Iraq are 1.2 million (as March 2023). Protracted refugee status endangers the mental health, especially of minorities who survived persecution and conflict, such as the Yazidis.

Solution Structure and Dynamics of Hf-Al and Hf-Zn Heterobimetallic Adducts Mimicking Relevant Intermediates in Chain Transfer Reactions.

Cationic cyclometalated hafnocenes [CpCpHf][B(CF)] () and [CpCpHf][B(CF)] ( and ) were synthesized from the corresponding [(Cp)HfMe][B(CF)] () and [(Cp)HfMe][B(CF)] () complexes via C-H activation. , , and , mimicking a propagating M-polymeryl species (M = transition metal) with or without a β-methyl branch on the metalated chains, serve to investigate whether and how the nature of the last inserted olefin molecules changes the structure, stability, and reactivity of the corresponding heterobimetallic complexes, formed in the presence of aluminum- or zinc-alkyl chain transfer agents (CTAs), which are considered relevant intermediates in coordinative chain transfer polymerization (CCTP) and chain shuttling polymerization (CSP) technologies. NMR and DFT data indicate no major structural difference between the resulting heterobridged complexes, all characterized by the presence of multiple α-agostic interactions.

Visceral Adiposity and Progression of ADPKD: A Cohort Study of Patients From the TEMPO 3:4 Trial.

Rationale & Objective: Body mass index (BMI) is an independent predictor of kidney disease progression in individuals with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Adipocytes do not simply act as a fat reservoir but are active endocrine organs. We hypothesized that greater visceral abdominal adiposity would associate with more rapid kidney growth in ADPKD and influence the efficacy of tolvaptan.

Literature review and expert opinion on the treatment of high-risk acute myeloid leukemia in patients who are eligible for intensive chemotherapy.

In patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), the assessment of disease risk plays a central role in the era of personalized medicine. Indeed, integrating baseline clinical and biological features on a case-by-case basis is not only essential to select which treatment would likely result in a higher probability of achieving complete remission, but also to dynamically customize any subsequent therapeutic intervention. For young high-risk patients with low comorbidities burden and in good general conditions (also called "fit" patients), intensive chemotherapy followed by allogeneic stem cell transplantation still represents the backbone of any therapeutic program.

Anthropogenic litter in a Mediterranean coastal wetland: A heterogeneous spatial pattern of historical deposition.

Coastal wetlands represent areas that can testify historical accumulation of litter. We analyzed the anthropogenic litter deposited on the channel bottom of a coastal wetland area that experienced water stress due to extreme summer dryness after about 20 years. We hypothesize that the litter accumulated in the different areas over the years reflects the different social user categories (i.

Multiple Genes Core to ERAD, Macroautophagy and Lysosomal Degradation Pathways Participate in the Proteostasis Response in α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency.

Background & Aims: In the classic form of α1-antitrypsin deficiency (ATD), the misfolded α1-antitrypsin Z (ATZ) variant accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of liver cells. A gain-of-function proteotoxic mechanism is responsible for chronic liver disease in a subgroup of homozygotes. Proteostatic response pathways, including conventional endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation and autophagy, have been proposed as the mechanisms that allow cellular adaptation and presumably protection from the liver disease phenotype.

Exploring depression in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A cross-sectional analysis of the clinical relationship with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale dimensions.

Objective: Evidence on the relationship between depression and clinical dimensions of schizophrenia remains limited. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between depression and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) dimensions in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Methods: Trained assessors administered the PANSS to measure symptoms of schizophrenia and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia to measure depression.