Nose-to-Brain Delivery of Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Glioblastoma Targeted Therapy.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an extremely aggressive form of brain cancer that remains challenging to treat, especially owing to the lack of effective targeting and drug delivery concerns. Due to its anatomical advantages, the nose-to-brain strategy is an interesting route for drug delivery. Nanoengineering has provided technological tools and innovative strategies to overcome biotechnological limitations, which is promising for improving the effectiveness of conventional therapies.

Expression of Neurotrophins and Its Receptors During Fetal Development in the Human Cochlea.

We determined the relative expression levels of the receptors , , , and and ligands , , , and with RNAseq analysis on fetal human inner ear samples, located TrkB and TrkC proteins, and quantified with in situ hybridization on histological sections between gestational weeks (GW) 9 to 19. Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and satellite glia appear to be the main source of and synthesis peaks twice at GW10 and GW15-GW17. Tonotopical gradients of revert between GW8 and GW15 and follow a maturation and innervation density gradient in SGNs.

Advancements in organic fluorescent materials: unveiling the potential of peripheral group modification in dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives for one- and two-photon bioimaging.

The quest for novel organic fluorescent materials capable of two-photon absorption (2PA) has intensified in recent years due to their promising applications in biological imaging. Two-photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM) offers high spatial-temporal resolution, reduced photodamage, and deeper tissue penetration compared to conventional techniques. However, the development of bright two-photon molecular markers remains a challenge, necessitating compounds with high fluorescence quantum yield and 2PA cross-section ().

Arsenic distribution and speciation in deposited coal mine dust.

This study investigates arsenic (As) species, sources, and transformation patterns in deposited coal mine dust (DCMD) from three coal mines-QSY, MHJ, and SCC-in the Ningdong Coalfield, China. While the parent coals have low As levels, the DCMD shows significant enrichment, with concentrations 137 to 345 times higher. The mineral composition of the DCMD reflects that of the parent coals but includes secondary minerals such as gypsum and various trace elements, including As.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for patients with brainstem cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs): an international, multicentric study.

Brainstem cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are clinically more aggressive compared to superficial CCMs. Due to their location, resection can be challenging, making stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) an attractive alternative for symptomatic patient. Brainstem CCM patients (n = 170) were treated with Gamma Knife SRS at 11 radiosurgical centers.

DNA polymerase η is regulated by mutually exclusive mono-ubiquitination and mono-NEDDylation.

DNA polymerase eta (Pol η) is a Y-family translesion polymerase responsible for synthesizing new DNA across UV-damaged templates. It is recruited to replication forks following mono-ubiquitination of the PCNA DNA clamp. This interaction is mediated by PCNA-interacting protein (PIP) motifs within Pol η, as well as by its C-terminal ubiquitin-binding zinc finger (UBZ) domain.

Multi-omics identification of extracellular components of the fetal monkey and human neocortex.

During development, precursor cells are continuously and intimately interacting with their extracellular environment, which guides their ability to generate functional tissues and organs. Much is known about the development of the neocortex in mammals. This information has largely been derived from histological analyses, heterochronic cell transplants, and genetic manipulations in mice, and to a lesser extent from transcriptomic and histological analyses in humans.

Neural Basis of Number Sense in Larval Zebrafish.

Number sense, the ability to discriminate the quantity of objects, is crucial for survival. To understand how neurons work together and develop to mediate number sense, we used two-photon fluorescence light sheet microscopy to capture the activity of individual neurons throughout the brain of larval , while displaying a visual number stimulus to the animal. We identified number-selective neurons as early as 3 days post-fertilization and found a proportional increase of neurons tuned to larger quantities after 3 days.

STK19 facilitates the clearance of lesion-stalled RNAPII during transcription-coupled DNA repair.

Transcription-coupled DNA repair (TCR) removes bulky DNA lesions impeding RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription. Recent studies have outlined the stepwise assembly of TCR factors CSB, CSA, UVSSA, and TFIIH around lesion-stalled RNAPII. However, the mechanism and factors required for the transition to downstream repair steps, including RNAPII removal to provide repair proteins access to the DNA lesion, remain unclear.

Prevalence and characterization of pain in radiation oncology: the PREDORT multicenter cross-sectional study.

Background: Pain in cancer patients has enormous impact on their quality-of-life. Radiation therapy (RT) is a cornerstone in cancer treatment. The objective of the PREDORT study is to estimate the prevalence of pain in patients attending at Radiation Oncology (RO) Services.

Human translesion DNA polymerases ι and κ mediate tolerance to temozolomide in MGMT-deficient glioblastoma cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor associated with poor patient survival. The current standard treatment involves invasive surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy employing temozolomide (TMZ). Resistance to TMZ is, however, a major challenge.

Evaluation of Microstrain in the Regions Surrounding Morse Taper and External Hexagon Implants.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare the Morse taper (MT) + titanium base (Ti-Base) abutment with the external hexagon (EH) + Ti-Base abutment by using the strain gauge method in the mesial, distal, and apical-buccal areas around these types of implants.

Materials And Methods:  This study investigated two groups, MT and EH, each comprising five polyurethane samples with a dental implant in the area of artificial tooth 15 (3.75 × 11.

Therapeutic potential of oleic acid supplementation in myotonic dystrophy muscle cell models.

Background: We recently reported that upregulation of Musashi 2 (MSI2) protein in the rare neuromuscular disease myotonic dystrophy type 1 contributes to the hyperactivation of the muscle catabolic processes autophagy and UPS through a reduction in miR-7 levels. Because oleic acid (OA) is a known allosteric regulator of MSI2 activity in the biogenesis of miR-7, here we sought to evaluate endogenous levels of this fatty acid and its therapeutic potential in rescuing cell differentiation phenotypes in vitro. In this work, four muscle cell lines derived from DM1 patients were treated with OA for 24 h, and autophagy and muscle differentiation parameters were analyzed.

Novel IL-4/HB-EGF-dependent crosstalk between eosinophils and macrophages controls liver regeneration after ischaemia and reperfusion injury.

Objective: Previous studies indicate that eosinophils are recruited into the allograft following orthotopic liver transplantation and protect from ischaemia reperfusion (IR) injury. In the current studies, we aim to explore whether their protective function could outlast during liver repair.

Design: Eosinophil-deficient mice and adoptive transfer of bone marrow-derived eosinophils (bmEos) were employed to investigate the effects of eosinophils on tissue repair and regeneration after hepatic IR injury.

Comparison of real-time PCR and nested PCR based on the HlyA gene for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes. Application on cheese samples.

The aim of the present study was to compare the performance of a nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) and a real-time PCR based on the amplification of the HlyA gene from Listeria monocytogenes using a plasmid DNA standard. Nested PCR was developed with an internal amplification control (IAC). Both techniques were validated in soft cheese samples by comparing their results with the results of the microbiological reference method ISO 11290-1:2017.

Tailoring the structure and self-activated photoluminescence of carbonated amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles for bioimaging applications.

Self-activated luminescent calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles, including hydroxyapatite (HA) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), are promising for bioimaging and theragnostic applications in nanomedicine, eliminating the need for activator ions or fluorophores. In this study, we developed luminescent and stable citrate-functionalized carbonated ACP nanoparticles for bioimaging purposes. Our findings revealed that both the CO content and the posterior heating step at 400 °C significantly influenced the composition and the structural ordering of the chemically precipitated ACP nanoparticles, impacting the intensity, broadness, and position of the defect-related photoluminescence (PL) emission band.

Assessment of injuries patterns produced by a 9mm P.A.K "rubber ball" blank firing weapon: porcine model.

The use of less lethal weapons aims to mitigate civilian casualties caused by firearm use. However, due to numerous cases in which these weapons caused serious injuries, even lethal injuries, both legislation and the forensic field are interested in characterizing and regulating them better. In the forensic field, there is a lack of strong research about injury patterns of these weapons which makes it difficult to identify the type of weapon employed.

Do Herbal Supplements and Probiotics Complement Antibiotics and Diet in the Management of SIBO? A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) arises from dysbiosis in the small intestine, manifesting with abdominal symptoms. This study aims to assess the efficacy of combined antibiotic therapy, herbal supplements, probiotics, and dietary modifications in SIBO management. A total of 179 SIBO-diagnosed patients underwent clinical evaluation and breath testing.

A detailed 3D MRI brain atlas of the African lungfish Protopterus annectens.

The study of the brain by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evolutionary analyses is still in its incipient stage, however, it is particularly useful as it allows us to analyze detailed anatomical images and compare brains of rare or otherwise inaccessible species, evolutionarily contextualizing possible differences, while at the same time being non-invasive. A good example is the lungfishes, sarcopterygians that are the closest living relatives of tetrapods and thus have an interesting phylogenetic position in the evolutionary conquest of the terrestrial environment. In the present study, we have developed a three-dimensional representation of the brain of the lungfish Protopterus annectens together with a rostrocaudal anatomical atlas.

Comparative MRI analysis of the forebrain of three sauropsida models.

The study of the brain by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows to obtain detailed anatomical images, useful to describe specific encephalic structures and to analyze possible variabilities. It is widely used in clinical practice and is becoming increasingly used in veterinary medicine, even in exotic animals; however, despite its potential, its use in comparative neuroanatomy studies is still incipient. It is a technology that in recent years has significantly improved anatomical resolution, together with the fact that it is non-invasive and allows for systematic comparative analysis.