X-ray Powder Diffraction for Characterization of Raw Materials in Banknotes.

We report about the X-ray powder diffraction characterization of crystalline materials used to produce genuine and counterfeit banknotes, performed with a single-crystal diffractometer that permits fast and nondestructive measurements in different 0.5-mm sized areas; 20-euro denomination genuine banknotes were analyzed, and results were compared with counterfeit banknotes. The analysis shows that the papers used to print real banknotes are composed, as expected, of cotton-based cellulose and titanium dioxide as crystalline additive, but different polymorphs of TiO for different emission countries are evidenced.

Simultaneous determination of taurine, glucuronolactone and glucuronic acid in energy drinks by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (triple quadrupole).

In this work, we present for the first time a rapid and robust UHPLC-MS/MS method for analyzing taurine, GlcLA and GlcA in energy drinks simultaneously and without derivatization. The separation of three analytes was achieved using a Kinetex Hilic analytical column (100 mm × 4.6 mm i.

Qualitative analysis of the smoke-stream of different kinds of incense by SPME/GC-MS.

Seventeen different kinds of incenses were analyzed for the volatile components emitted during burning using a HS-SPME method coupled with GC-MS, in order to check their conformity to IFRA (International Fragrance Association) guidelines and 67/548/CEE Directive rules. A total of 51 volatiles were identified in the smoke of the incenses. They were represented mainly by aromatic compounds (17) and oxygenated monoterpenes (10), with esters (5) and aldehydes (4) being the most widespread volatiles in the former, and alcohols (4) and esters (4) in the latter.

Resistance screening essay of wine lactic acid bacteria on lysozyme: efficacy of lysozyme in unclarified grape musts.

In wine making, the bacteriolytic activity of lysozyme has primarily been used to control the malolactic fermentation in wines. The use of lysozyme in musts before settling and the beginning of the alcoholic fermentation to inhibit the growth of lactic acid bacteria could be very beneficial. In a resistance test carried out in MT/b broth, lysozyme had greater antimicrobial activity toward Oenococcus oeni than Lactobacillus species.

Fermentability of grape must after inhibition with dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC).

Dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC) was added to grape must and to synthetic media and results showed that, at 20 degrees C, 150 mg.L(-)(1) DMDC completely inhibited the fermentation of a grape must that was previously inoculated with 10(6) cells.mL(-)(1) Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces uvarum.