[Transpupillary thermotherapy and age-related macular degeneration].

Transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) has been proposed over the last a few years for the treatment of subfoveal occult choroidal neovessels resulting from age-related degeneration (AMD) when they are symptomatic and associated with exudation. Several pilot studies have shown how this technique can decrease or slow down the progression of exudation related to choroidal neovessels. Based on these pilot studies, a randomized study (TTT4CNV) is in progress to evaluate the efficacy of TTT.

A 35-month profilometric and clinical evaluation of non-ablative remodeling using a 1540-nm Er:glass laser.

Background/objective: As remodeling is getting more popular with patients, long-term studies are becoming necessary. The aim of this 35-month clinical study was to evaluate the long-term benefits obtained using a 1540-nm Er:glass laser for non-ablative remodeling of perioral and periorbital rhytids. The role of maintenance treatments was also investigated.

Ultrasound imaging demonstration of the improvement of non-ablative laser remodeling by concomitant daily topical application of 0.05% retinaldehyde.

Background: Retinaldehyde has been proven to be effective in the reduction of facial wrinkles. It has also demonstrated its usefulness when used before and after laser skin resurfacing.

Objective: A monocentric, comparative, randomized, double-blind study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of retinaldehyde versus excipient in combination with non-ablative laser remodeling treatment.

In vivo imaging of bioluminescent Escherichia coli in a cutaneous wound infection model for evaluation of an antibiotic therapy.

A rapid, continuous method for noninvasively monitoring the effectiveness of several antibacterial agents in real time by using a model of wound infection was developed. This study was divided into three steps: (i) construction of a plasmid to transform Escherichia coli into a bioluminescent variant, (ii) study of the bioluminescent E. coli in vitro as a function of temperature and pH, and (iii) determination of the MIC and the minimal bactericidal concentration of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMX-TMP).

Long pulse Nd:YAG laser for treatment of leg veins in 40 patients with assessments at 6 and 12 months.

Background And Objectives: This study assessed subjectively and objectively the efficacy of a long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser system in clearing dermal leg veins, successful treatment of which remains problematic.

Study Design/patients And Methods: Forty female patients (24-58 years old, skin types II-IV) with leg veins were treated with synchronized micropulses from a long-pulsed 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser, 6 mm diameter spot size, 130 and 140 J/cm2. One to three treatments were given at 6-week intervals, with post-treatment assessments at 6 and 12 months.

Nd:YAG laser combined with IPL treatment improves clinical results in non-ablative photorejuvenation.

Background: Intense pulsed light (IPL) sources have been reported in non-ablative photorejuvenation, but the excellent histological findings do not always coincide with the clinical results and patient satisfaction index (SI).

Methods: Ten female patients (two forehead, four periocular and four perioral), ages ranging from 28 to 46 years, skin types II-IV, wrinkle types I-III, participated in the study. The IPL system was applied with the yellow (570 nm) cut-off filter, 30 J/cm(2), single pulse, followed by the Nd:YAG at 120 J/cm(2), double pulse (7 ms per shot with 20 ms between pulses) on the wrinkled areas only.

Peroxynitrite decomposition catalysts prevent myocardial dysfunction and inflammation in endotoxemic rats.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test whether peroxynitrite neutralizers would reduce peroxynitrite accumulation and improve myocardial contractile dysfunction and inflammation in endotoxin-treated rats.

Background: Release of endogenous proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in response to endotoxin is responsible for the production of large amounts of nitric oxide (NO), which may exert detrimental effects on the myocardium in animal models, isolated hearts, and isolated cardiac myocytes. Recent studies have indicated that many of the deleterious effects of NO are mediated by peroxynitrite, a powerful oxidant generated from a fast diffusion-limited reaction of NO and superoxide anion.

Calpain inhibitors improve myocardial dysfunction and inflammation induced by endotoxin in rats.

Excessive activation of calpains has been implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammation, trauma, and ischemia reperfusion injury. Here, we investigated the effects of calpain inhibition on myocardial dysfunction and inflammation induced by endotoxin in rats. Rats were treated i.

Treatment of neck lines and forehead rhytids with a nonablative 1540-nm Er:glass laser: a controlled clinical study combined with the measurement of the thickness and the mechanical properties of the skin.

Background: Nonablative remodeling has been recently proposed as a new, no-down-time, anti-aging treatment. Objective. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nonablative skin remodeling with a 1540-nm Er:Glass laser on neck lines and forehead rhytids.

Laser cartilage reshaping in an in vivo rabbit model using a 1.54 microm Er:Glass laser.

Background And Objectives: The potential applications for facial laser cartilage reshaping (LCR) have generated increasing clinical interest. This study aimed to evaluate in vivo LCR of the rabbit ear using a 1.54 micro m Er:Glass laser in combination with contact cooling.

[Cartilage reshaping by laser in stomatology and maxillofacial surgery].

The restoration of congenital and traumatic malformations of the head and neck, together with the defects resulting from the trauma of ablative surgery, continue to pose significant problems to surgeons. The post-operative results are not always satisfactory because of the difficulty of shaping the cartilage and because of the tendency of cartilage to return to its original shape. Better understanding of laser-cartilage interaction and the development of a specific instrumentation Lasers (CO2, Nd: YAG, Ho: YAG) has enabled ex situ and in situ cartilage reshaping.

[Photodynamic therapy follow-up: when to retreat, when to observe, or when to propose an alternative treatment?].

Clinical and angiographic progression after photodynamic therapy (PDT) is usually slow, sometimes fluctuating and therefore difficult to evaluate. After several sessions of PDT, angiographic follow-up remains the basis for therapeutic management involving either a new PDT session or an alternative treatment. It remains difficult, however, to evaluate the activity and progression potential of the remaining neovessels.

Comparison and sequential study of long pulsed Nd:YAG 1,064 nm laser and sclerotherapy in leg telangiectasias treatment.

Background And Objectives: Millisecond pulsed 1,064 nm Nd:YAG lasers have been developed for the treatment of leg telangiectasias. To date there have been very few side by side comparison studies of laser versus the gold standard sclerotherapy in treating small leg veins. This study aims to compare a long pulsed Nd:YAG laser with contact cooling to sclerotherapy for treating small diameter leg telangiectasias by evaluating objective and subjective clinical effects.

Endotoxin-induced myocardial dysfunction: evidence for a role of sphingosine production.

Objective: To determine whether sphingomyelinase pathway activation would participate in myocardial depression induced by endotoxin.

Design: Randomized, controlled trial.

Setting: Experimental laboratory.

[Transformation of hemoglobulin into methemoglobulin during heating of blood: its role in the treatment of vascular lesions using an Nd: YAG (1.06 m) laser treatment of vascular lesions].

Clinical modifications are usually observed during the irradiation of a blood vessel with a laser. These modifications are due to the heating of the blood. Photothermal modifications of oxy-hemoglobin (Hb-O(2)) and des-oxyhemoglobin (Hb) induce formation of met-hemoglobin (Met-Hb), not normally present in healthy human blood.

Site-specific methylene blue delivery to pilosebaceous structures using highly porous nylon microspheres: an experimental evaluation.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the penetration of methylene blue (MB)-loaded microspheres into pilosebaceous structures of rats.

Materials And Methods: MB was incorporated into 5 microm highly porous nylon microspheres. The microspheres were dispersed into fluid silicone.

Transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) with short duration laser exposures induce heat shock protein (HSP) hyperexpression on choroidoretinal layers.

Background And Objectives: To assess a choroidal heat shock protein hyperexpression after transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) performed with exposures shorter than 60 seconds.

Study Design/materials And Methods: Nine male pigmented rabbits were anesthetized and TTT was performed on their right eye with a 810 nm diode laser (Iridis, Quantel-Medical (France)) (spot size: 1.3 mm).

Using a "non uniform pulse sequence" can improve selective coagulation with a Nd:YAG laser (1.06 microm) thanks to Met-hemoglobin absorption: a clinical study on blue leg veins.

Background And Objectives: Evaluation of the efficacy, on 1-2 mm blue leg telangiectasia, of a 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser emitting in a non uniform pulse sequence calculated to consider Met-Hb formation during laser irradiation of a blood vessel.

Materials And Methods: A 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser (Quantel Medical, Athos, France) was used in a non uniform pulse sequence mode, fluences: 300-360 J/cm(2) spot: 2 mm, + 5 degrees C contact cooling. The clinical evaluation was performed on 11 female patients, average age: 43 (25-57) years, phototype I-VI.

Can thermal lasers promote skin wound healing?

Lasers are now widely used for treating numerous cutaneous lesions, for scar revision (hypertrophic and keloid scars), for tissue welding, and for skin resurfacing and remodeling (wrinkle removal). In these procedures lasers are used to generate heat. The modulation of the effect (volatilization, coagulation, hyperthermia) of the laser is obtained by using different wavelengths and laser parameters.

Noninvasive fluorescent study in situ and in real time of glucose effects on the pharmacokinetic of calcein.

This study was undertaken to compare the effect of glucose injection on the pharmacokinetic behavior of a soluble dye in normal and tumoral tissues. The measurements were done using a noninvasive fluorescent spectroscopy in situ and in real time. The experiments were performed on three groups of animals with calcein as a soluble pH-insensitive fluorescent dye combined or not with glucose.

Nonablative remodeling: a 14-month clinical ultrasound imaging and profilometric evaluation of a 1540 nm Er:Glass laser.

Background: Nonablative remodeling has been recently proposed as a new antiaging treatment with no downtime.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nonablative skin remodeling with a 1540 nm Er:glass laser and contact cooling on perioral and periorbital rhytides at 14 months follow-up.

Methods: Forty-two female patients (mean age 47 years), Fitzpatrick skin types I-IV were treated five times at 6-week intervals and checked 6 months after the last treatment.

Study of platelet behavior in vivo after endothelial stimulation with laser irradiation using fluorescence intravital videomicroscopy and PEGylated liposome staining.

Platelets contain an array of potent proinflammatory mediators, and therefore they are regarded as mediator and effector cells in inflammation. Knowing the role of platelets during these processes is crucial and the analysis of their behavior in situ and the associated mechanisms is consequently particularly important. However, conventional in vitro staining techniques induce modification of the characteristics of platelets.

Treatment of leg telangiectases with a 532 nm KTP laser in multipulse mode.

Background: The multiple mode emission emphasizes the efficacy of the KTP laser.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a 532 nm KTP laser emitting in multipulse mode for the treatment of superficial 0.5-1 mm leg telangiectases.