Background: To investigate possible association between infection with CagA(+) strains of Helicobacter pylori and aortic atheroma diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography.
Methods And Results: One hundred and eighty-eight consecutive subjects prospectively examined for presence of aortic atheroma (localized intimal thickening of >/=3mm) by transesophageal echocardiography were tested for serum IgG antibodies against H. pylori (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and CagA protein (Western blot assay).