Impact of F-FDG PET/MRI on Therapeutic Management of Women with Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer: Results from a Prospective Double-Center Trial.

Our rationale was to investigate whether F-FDG PET/MRI in addition to (guideline-recommended) conventional staging leads to changes in therapeutic management in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer and compare the diagnostic accuracy of F-FDG PET/MRI with that of conventional staging for determining the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stage. In this prospective, double-center study, 208 women with newly diagnosed, therapy-naïve invasive breast cancer were enrolled in accordance with the inclusion criteria. All patients underwent guideline-recommended conventional staging and whole-body F-FDG PET/MRI with a dedicated breast examination.

Prediction of therapy response of breast cancer patients with machine learning based on clinical data and imaging data derived from breast [F]FDG-PET/MRI.

Purpose: To evaluate if a machine learning prediction model based on clinical and easily assessable imaging features derived from baseline breast [F]FDG-PET/MRI staging can predict pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer prior to neoadjuvant system therapy (NAST).

Methods: Altogether 143 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer (54 ± 12 years) were retrospectively enrolled. All women underwent a breast [F]FDG-PET/MRI, a histopathological workup of their breast cancer lesions and evaluation of clinical data.

Recurrent prostate cancer: combined role for MRI and PSMA-PET in Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI.

Objectives: To investigate the specific strengths of MRI and PET components in Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI for staging of patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: Patients with biochemical recurrence of PCa and contrast-enhanced whole-body Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI including a dedicated pelvic multiparametric MRI were included in this retrospective study. Imaging datasets of MRI and PET were evaluated separately regarding local PCa recurrence (Tr), pelvic lymph node metastases (N1), distant lymph node metastases (M1a), bone metastases (M1b), and soft tissue metastases (M1c) according to PROMISE version 1.

Impact of surgical variables on residual glandular tissue in risk-reducing mastectomies: Results of a retrospective monocentric study from a center of the German consortium for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.

Purpose: Residual glandular tissue (RGT) after risk reducing mastectomy (RRME) is associated with a risk of developing breast cancer for women with a familial predisposition. We aim to examine various surgery-related variables to make risk more easily assessable and to aid in decision-making.

Materials And Methods: Pre- and postoperative breast MRI scans from 2006 to 2021 of patients with proven pathogenic mutation were included.

Conventional Imaging, MRI and F-FDG PET/MRI for N and M Staging in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer.

This study compares the diagnostic potential of conventional staging (computed tomography (CT), axillary sonography and bone scintigraphy), whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and whole-body F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET/)MRI for N and M staging in newly diagnosed breast cancer. A total of 208 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer were prospectively included in this study and underwent contrast-enhanced thoracoabdominal CT, bone scintigraphy and axillary sonography as well as contrast-enhanced whole-body F-FDG PET/MRI. The datasets were analyzed with respect to lesion localization and characterization.

[F]FDG PET/MRI in children suffering from lymphoma: does MRI contrast media make a difference?

Objectives: Evaluate the influence of an MRI contrast agent application on primary and follow-up staging in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed lymphoma using [F]FDG PET/MRI to avoid adverse effects and save time and costs during examination.

Methods: A total of 105 [F]FDG PET/MRI datasets were included for data evaluation. Two different reading protocols were analyzed by two experienced readers in consensus, including for PET/MRI-1 reading protocol unenhanced T2w and/or T1w imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and [F]FDG PET imaging and for PET/MRI-2 reading protocol an additional T1w post contrast imaging.

Update on Locoregional Therapies for Cholangiocellular Carcinoma.

Locoregional therapy options for CCA are used, in particular, for non-resectable tumors and aim to reduce tumor viability or delay tumor growth and ultimately prolong overall survival. In addition to local ablative procedures such as radiofrequency- or microwave-ablation, transarterial procedures such as transarterial embolization (TAE), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), or selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT) play a major role. In particular, in combination with advances in molecular medicine and immunotherapy, there has been a further development in the therapy of primary malignant liver tumors in recent years.

Towards a fast PET/MRI protocol for breast cancer imaging: maintaining diagnostic confidence while reducing PET and MRI acquisition times.

Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic feasibility of a shortened breast PET/MRI protocol in breast cancer patients.

Methods: Altogether 90 women with newly diagnosed T1 (T1) and T2 (T2) breast cancer were included in this retrospective study. All underwent a dedicated comprehensive breast [F]FDG-PET/MRI.

Correlation between Imaging Markers Derived from PET/MRI and Invasive Acquired Biomarkers in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Evaluate the diagnostic potential of [F]FDG-PET/MRI data compared with invasive acquired biomarkers in newly diagnosed early breast cancer (BC).

Methods: Altogether 169 women with newly diagnosed BC were included. All underwent a breast- and whole-body [F]FDG-PET/MRI for initial staging.

Clinical Decision Support for Axillary Lymph Node Staging in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients Based on F-FDG PET/MRI and Machine Learning.

In addition to its high prognostic value, the involvement of axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients also plays an important role in therapy planning. Therefore, an imaging modality that can determine nodal status with high accuracy in patients with primary breast cancer is desirable. Our purpose was to investigate whether, in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, machine-learning prediction models based on simple assessable imaging features on MRI or PET/MRI are able to determine nodal status with performance comparable to that of experienced radiologists; whether such models can be adjusted to achieve low rates of false-negatives such that invasive procedures might potentially be omitted; and whether a clinical framework for decision support based on simple imaging features can be derived from these models.

Lung Nodules Missed in Initial Staging of Breast Cancer Patients in PET/MRI-Clinically Relevant?

Purpose: The evaluation of the clinical relevance of missed lung nodules at initial staging of breast cancer patients in [F]FDG-PET/MRI compared with CT.

Methods: A total of 152 patients underwent an initial whole-body [F]FDG-PET/MRI and a thoracoabdominal CT for staging. Presence, size, shape and location for each lung nodule in [F]FDG-PET/MRI was noted.

Single center analysis of an advisable control interval for follow-up of patients with PI-RADS category 3 in multiparametric MRI of the prostate.

To evaluate if follow-up mpMRI scans of patients in PI-RADS category 3 are safe enough to omit or delay prostate biopsy in the future and to determine an optimal control interval. This retrospective single center study includes consecutive PI-RADS category 3 patients with one or more follow-up mpMRI (T2WI, DWI, DCE) and subsequent MRI-targeted and systematic TRUS-guided biopsy between 2012 and 2018. Primary study objective was the verification of a significant PI-RADS category upgrade in follow-up mpMRI in patients with subsequent PCA positive biopsy versus patients with negative biopsy.

Multiparametric F-FDG PET/MRI-Based Radiomics for Prediction of Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess whether multiparametric F-FDG PET/MRI-based radiomics analysis is able to predict pathological complete response in breast cancer patients and hence potentially enhance pretherapeutic patient stratification.

Methods: A total of 73 female patients (mean age 49 years; range 27-77 years) with newly diagnosed, therapy-naive breast cancer underwent simultaneous F-FDG PET/MRI and were included in this retrospective study. All PET/MRI datasets were imported to dedicated software (ITK-SNAP v.

A Role of PET/MR in Breast Cancer?

PET/MRI has been available since 2010, representing the newest of the hybrid imaging modalities. It combines functional as well as morphologic high-resolution MRI data with metabolic information from PET, providing image data sets with complementary information. Especially in the field of oncology, PET/MRI is a promising imaging modality with diverse applications.

Is there a diagnostic benefit of late-phase abdomino-pelvic PET/CT after urination as part of whole-body Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for restaging patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy?

Background: To assess the diagnostic value of an additional late-phase PET/CT scan after urination as part of  Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for the restaging of patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (BCR).

Methods: This retrospective trial included patients with BCR following radical prostatectomy, who underwent standard whole-body early-phase PET/CT performed 105 ± 45 min and an additional late-phase PET/CT performed 159 ± 13 min after injection of  Ga-PSMA-11. Late-phase PET/CT covered a body volume from below the liver to the upper thighs and was conducted after patients had used the bathroom to empty their urinary bladder.

Impact of Different Metal Artifact Reduction Techniques on Attenuation Correction of Normal Organs in F-FDG-PET/CT.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of different metal artifact reduction algorithms on Hounsfield units (HU) and the standardized uptake value (SUV) in normal organs in patients with different metal implants.

Methods: This study prospectively included 66 patients (mean age of 66.02 ± 13.

Free-breathing 3D Stack of Stars GRE (StarVIBE) sequence for detecting pulmonary nodules in F-FDG PET/MRI.

Background: The free-breathing T1-weighted 3D Stack of Stars GRE (StarVIBE) MR sequence potentially reduces artifacts in chest MRI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate StarVIBE for the detection of pulmonary nodules in F-FDG PET/MRI.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective analysis, conducted on a prospective clinical trial cohort, 88 consecutive women with newly diagnosed breast cancer underwent both contrast-enhanced whole-body F-FDG PET/MRI and computed tomography (CT).

Comparison of 3 T mpMRI and pelvic CT examinations for detection of lymph node metastases in patients with prostate cancer.

Purpose: This study investigates preoperative lymph node metastases (LNM) detection accuracy by MRI and CT in patients with prostate cancer (PCA).

Methods: All patients with preoperative MRI, CT or both and subsequent radical prostatectomy (RPE) and lymphadenectomy (LA) were included in this retrospective cohort study. Prostate specific antigen (PSA), PI-RADS, ISUP grade group, clinical and pathological tumor (T) stage was compared between negative and positive nodal (N) stage.

Prospective comparison of CT and 18F-FDG PET/MRI in N and M staging of primary breast cancer patients: Initial results.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced thoraco-abdominal computed tomography and whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI in N and M staging in newly diagnosed, histopathological proven breast cancer.

Material And Methods: A total of 80 consecutive women with newly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed breast cancer were enrolled in this prospective study. Following inclusion criteria had to be fulfilled: (1) newly diagnosed, treatment-naive T2-tumor or higher T-stage or (2) newly diagnosed, treatment-naive triple-negative tumor of every size or (3) newly diagnosed, treatment-naive tumor with molecular high risk (T1c, Ki67 >14%, HER2neu over-expression, G3).

MRI grading for the prediction of prostate cancer aggressiveness.

Objectives: T o evaluate the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for the prediction of prostate cancer (PCA) aggressiveness.

Methods: In this single center cohort study, consecutive patients with histologically confirmed PCA were retrospectively enrolled. Four different ISUP grade groups (1, 2, 3, 4-5) were defined and fifty patients per group were included.

Multiparametric Integrated F-FDG PET/MRI-Based Radiomics for Breast Cancer Phenotyping and Tumor Decoding.

Background: This study investigated the performance of simultaneous F-FDG PET/MRI of the breast as a platform for comprehensive radiomics analysis for breast cancer subtype analysis, hormone receptor status, proliferation rate and lymphonodular and distant metastatic spread.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-four patients underwent simultaneous F-FDG PET/MRI. Breast tumors were segmented and radiomic features were extracted utilizing CERR software following the IBSI guidelines.

Evaluation of the Predictive Potential of 18F-FDG PET and DWI Data Sets for Relevant Prognostic Parameters of Primary Soft-Tissue Sarcomas.

Background: To evaluate the potential of simultaneously acquired 18F-FDG PET- and MR-derived quantitative imaging data sets of primary soft-tissue sarcomas for the prediction of neoadjuvant treatment response, the metastatic status and tumor grade.

Methods: A total of 52 patients with a high-risk soft-tissue sarcoma underwent a 18F-FDG PET/MR examination within one week before the start of neoadjuvant treatment. For each patient, the maximum tumor size, metabolic activity (SUVs), and diffusion-restriction (ADC values) of the tumor manifestations were determined.