New Perspectives in the Etiology of Chronic Rhinosinusitis-Haller Cells.

: Haller Cells (HCs) represent the abnormal migration of ethmoid cells that are located below the ethmoid bulla at the level of the upper wall of the maxillary sinus. Through their placement, the cells can exert a mass effect on the infundibulum of the maxillary sinus. The aim of our study is to investigate the prevalence of Haller cells in the Romanian population and to evaluate the relationship between this anatomical variation and chronic rhinosinusitis.

Digestive Amyloidosis Trends: Clinical, Pathological, and Imaging Characteristics.

Amyloidosis is a group of diseases characterized by the extracellular deposition of abnormally folded, insoluble proteins that lead to organ dysfunction. While it commonly affects the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement is undetermined. Recent research has focused on understanding the pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic approaches to GI amyloidosis, particularly in systemic amyloid light-chain (AL) and amyloid A (AA) forms.

NKG2C Sequence Polymorphism Modulates the Expansion of Adaptive NK Cells in Response to Human CMV.

A subpopulation of NK cells with distinctive phenotype and function differentiates and expands specifically in response to infection by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). A hallmark of these adaptive NK cells is their increased expression levels of the activating CD94/NKG2C receptor for HLA-E, and lack of expression of its inhibitory homologue CD94/NKG2A. Their frequency is highly variable in HCMV individuals, and the basis for such differences is only partially understood.

Trans Oral Robotic Surgery for HPV-Negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Follow-Up on Oncological and Functional Outcomes.

Background: The efficacy of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancers (OPSCC) is less explored, especially regarding long-term outcomes and prognostic factors.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective monocentric study on 37 patients with HPV-negative OPSCC treated with TORS with a median follow-up of 3 years, assessing survival outcomes using Kaplan-Meyer statistics and swallowing function via the functional outcome swallowing scale (FOSS). Histopathological parameters were collected either from medical records or histology slides were re-evaluated.

New Insights Into Pharmacology of GABAA Receptor Alpha Subunits-Selective Modulators.

Background: Benzodiazepines have long held a leading position in medical therapeutics, known for their multiple common therapeutic properties and primarily being prescribed for anxiety and insomnia. However, their lack of specificity and various side effects have led to a reevaluation of their long-term use, resulting in a rapid growth in the literature focusing on targeted therapies.

Areas Of Uncertainty: Despite many efforts, uncertainties persist and there are heterogeneous findings across studies regarding the pharmacological effects attributed to gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor subunits.

Medical-Surgical Implications of Branching Variation of Human Aortic Arch Known as Bovine Aortic Arch (BAA).

(1) Background: The aortic arch (AA) branching model is challenging, considering the multiple anatomical variations documented in existing research. The bovine aortic arch (BAA) is the most prevalent anatomical variation among these. This variant of AA branching has long been considered a nonsymptomatic malformation, having been discovered incidentally during imaging investigations for other causes.

Breast MRI-the Importance of Type II and III Dynamic Curves Evaluation and Framing in BI-RADS 4C and 5 Score.

Background: Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers the highest sensitivity in detecting breast cancer among existing clinical and imaging techniques, making it a crucial component of breast imaging protocols. This study aims to investigate MRI importance in correlation with previous imaging discordant procedures performed as echography and/or mammography to evaluate characteristics and framing in high-risk BI-RADS 4C or 5 categories based on morphological features and kinetic curves of masses found in the breasts of patients from our database.

Methods: A retrospective study with related statistical analysis was performed on a group of 33 cases, selected from a total of 488 patients who underwent breast MRI examinations at SPAD Imaging International S.

New Horizons of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Surgery.

Ideas about Artificial intelligence appeared about half a century ago, but only now is it becoming an essential element of everyday life. The data provided are becoming a bigger pool and we need artificial intelligence that will help us with its superhuman powers. Its interaction with medicine is improving more and more, with medicine being a domain that continues to be perfected.

Morphological Aspects of the Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery-A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: The aberrant origin of the right subclavian artery (ARSA), also known as the lusoria artery, is a congenital malformation with an incidence of 0.5-4.4%.

Identification and Molecular Characterization of Giant Liver Fluke () Infection in European Fallow Deer () in Romania-First Report.

Fascioloidosis is a parasitic disease of primary wild and domestic ruminants, caused by giant liver fluke, . The definitive host of the liver fluke in its area of origin (North America) is the white-tailed deer (). In Europe, the red deer () and European fallow deer () are definitive hosts and the most sensitive hosts to infection, on which the parasite exerts serious pathogenic effects.

Imaging Aspects of Enchondromas in Pediatric Patients.

Enchondromas are benign tumors located primarily in long bones, some of which can be accidentally discovered during imaging exams conducted for other pathologies. These benign cartilaginous tumors are hard to differentiate from low grade chondrosarcomas, which require periodic follow ups. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of enchondromas in pediatric patients, to determine medical imaging criteria (Computed Tomography-CT and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-MRI) in order to differentiate enchondromas from other atypical cartilaginous tumors, and to identify a potential correlation between imaging aspects and clinical signs.

Transient hepatic attenuation difference or fat sparing? Aberrant right gastric vein determining a pseudolesion at the border of the IInd/IIIrd liver segments. Review of developmental concepts.

The aberrant right gastric vein (ARGV) is a rare anatomical variation. It can be responsible for unexplained hyperdensities in the hepatic parenchyma on CT scans, also known as third inflow effects. We present two cases sharing similar vascular pattern and slightly different imagistic findings on ultrasound and computer-tomography performed studies.

A rare case of a double vagina in a young American Staffordshire Terrier bitch (Canis lupus familiaris). A case report.

The presence of congenital urogenital malformations is relatively common in bitches. However, cases of double vagina in the literature are scarce, and the ones reported usually accompany other urogenital defects. The vaginal anomaly was an incidental finding in the present case during a routine spay and was not accompanied by any other malformations.

Diversity of NKG2C genotypes in a European population: Conserved and recombinant haplotypes in the coding, promoter, and 3'-untranslated regions.

NK cells monitor altered molecular patterns in tumors and infected cells through an ample array of receptors. Two families of evolutionarily distant receptors have converged to enable human NK cells to sense levels of HLA class I ligands, frequently abnormal in altered cells. Whilst different forms of polymorphism are a hallmark of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors and their classic HLA-A, B, and C ligands, genetic diversity of killer-cell lectin-like receptors for the non-classical HLA-E (CD94/NKG2 heterodimers) is less conspicuous and has attracted less attention.

A simple genotyping method for CD247 3'-untranslated region polymorphism rs1052231 and characterization of a reference cell panel.

CD247 (or CD3-ζ chain) is an essential adaptor and signal-transducing molecule of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) complex, and it also couples to NK-cell activating receptors such as NKp46, NKp30 and CD16A (FcγRIII). Noncoding sequence polymorphisms and variations in CD247 expression, a tightly regulated process, have been related with an altered immune response in multiple health conditions. A single nucleotide polymorphism (T > A) at nucleotide 844 of the CD247 3'-untranslated region, rs1052231, has been related with lower CD247 gene expression and it has been investigated as a potential biomarker of autoimmune disease.

Genetic Variation in Two Populations From Ecuador Highlands-Extensive Copy-Number Variation, Distinctive Distribution of Functional Polymorphisms, and a Novel, Locally Common, Chimeric (CD16B/A) Gene.

Fcγ receptors (FcγR), cell-surface glycoproteins that bind antigen-IgG complexes, control both humoral and cellular immune responses. The locus on chromosome 1q23.3 comprises five homologous genes encoding low-affinity FcγRII and FcγRIII, and displays functionally relevant polymorphism that impacts on human health.

Complete genomic characterization of a new KLRC2 allele, NKG2C*03.

The novel NKG2C*03 allele encodes a hybrid of the NKG2C*01 and NKG2C*02 primary structures.

ASSOCIATION OF GHRELIN RECEPTOR AND INFLAMMATION IN PERI-ATRIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE FROM OBESE PATIENTS WITH POSTOPERATIVE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.

Context: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia in clinical practice. The increasing evidence supports links between inflammation and AF. There is evidence showing that obesity is a major cause of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation.

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Cirrhotic Patients.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard procedure in patients with cirrhosis and symptomatic gallbladder disease or acute cholecystitis. In this retrospective study we evaluated laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with cirrhosis based on Child-Pugh score as a predictor of morbidity. In the First Surgical Clinic of Iasi, from 01 jan 2010 to 31 jan 2020, we performed 111 laparoscopic cholecystectomies in Child-Pugh A, B, and C cirrhotic patients.

Haplotype-Based Analysis of -Gene Profiles in a South European Population-Distribution of Standard and Variant Haplotypes, and Identification of Novel Recombinant Structures.

Inhibitory Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) specific for HLA class I molecules enable human natural killer cells to monitor altered antigen presentation in pathogen-infected and tumor cells. genes display extensive copy-number variation and allelic polymorphism. They organize in a series of variable arrangements, designated haplotypes, which derive from duplications of ancestral genes and sequence diversification through point mutation and unequal crossing-over events.

Correction to: Immunological features of patients affected by Barraquer-Simons syndrome.

Following the publication of the original article [1], the authors have requested to amend the Abstract and Discussion section as follows.