Coming in hot: a qualitative investigation into perceptions of parents and doctors of reasons for the presentation of children with fever to the emergency department in England.

Introduction: Paediatric emergency department (ED) attendances and admissions in England are increasing. Fever is a common presenting problem for these attendances. Anxiety and misperceptions surrounding appropriate management of fever persist among parents.

Perinatal emotional skills groups for women and birthing people with borderline personality disorder: outcomes from a feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Background: There is no clear evidence about how to support people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) during the perinatal period. Perinatal emotional skills groups (ESGs) may be helpful, but their efficacy has not been tested.

Aims: To test the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of perinatal ESGs for women and birthing people with BPD.

Predictors of outcome following psychological therapy for depression and anxiety in an urban primary care service: a naturalistic Bayesian prediction modeling approach.

Background: England's primary care service for psychological therapy (Improving Access to Psychological Therapies [IAPT]) treats anxiety and depression, with a target recovery rate of 50%. Identifying the characteristics of patients who achieve recovery may assist in optimizing future treatment. This naturalistic cohort study investigated pre-therapy characteristics as predictors of recovery and improvement after IAPT therapy.

Testing the genomic overlap between intraspecific mating traits and interspecific mating barriers.

Differences in interspecific mating traits, such as male sexual signals and female preferences, often evolve quickly as initial barriers to gene flow between nascent lineages, and they may also strengthen such barriers during secondary contact via reinforcement. However, it is an open question whether loci contributing to intraspecific variation in sexual traits are co-opted during the formation and strengthening of mating barriers between species. To test this, we used a population genomics approach in natural populations of Australian cricket sister species that overlap in a contact zone: and First, we identified loci associated with intraspecific variation in mating signals: advertisement song and cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) pheromones.

Tracking the course of depressive and anxiety symptoms across adolescence (the CATS study): a population-based cohort study in Australia.

Background: Adolescent mental health appears to be in crisis, yet few studies have comprehensively charted the course of common mental disorders (CMDs; depression and anxiety) across this key life stage. We aimed to describe the course of CMD symptoms in adolescence by summarising annual prevalence, cumulative incidence, and course for depression and anxiety, both separately and as comorbid CMDs, by sex assigned at birth in a contemporary Australian cohort.

Methods: The Child to Adult Transition Study (CATS) was established in 2012 to form a representative cohort of adolescents in Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Whole-Genome Resequencing Reveals Polygenic Signatures of Directional and Balancing Selection on Alternative Migratory Life Histories.

Migration in animals and associated adaptations to contrasting environments are underpinned by complex genetic architecture. Here, we explore the genomic basis of facultative anadromy in brown trout (Salmo trutta), wherein some individuals migrate to sea while others remain resident in natal rivers, to better understand how alternative migratory tactics (AMTs) are maintained evolutionarily. To identify genomic variants associated with AMTs, we sequenced whole genomes for 194 individual trout from five anadromous-resident population pairs, situated above and below waterfalls, in five different Irish rivers.

Fecal microbiota transplantation from protozoa-exposed donors downregulates immune response in a germ-free mouse model, its role in immune response and physiology of the intestine.

Intestinal parasites are part of the intestinal ecosystem and have been shown to establish close interactions with the intestinal microbiota. However, little is known about the influence of intestinal protozoa on the regulation of the immune response. In this study, we analyzed the regulation of the immune response of germ-free mice transplanted with fecal microbiota (FMT) from individuals with multiple parasitic protozoans (P) and non-parasitized individuals (NP).

The BRIDGE project: a feasibility randomised controlled trial of brief, intensive assessment and integrated formulation for young people (age 14-24) with features of borderline personality disorder (Protocol).

Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder that is characterised by a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood as well as marked impulsivity. BPD has its peak incidence and prevalence from puberty through to emerging adulthood. BPD is a controversial diagnosis in young people.

A Validation Study of the Mindfulness-Based Interventions Teaching Assessment Criteria for Assessing Mindfulness-Based Intervention Teacher Skill: Inter-Rater Reliability and Predictive Validity.

Background: Prior data suggests the Mindfulness-Based Interventions: (MBI) Teaching Assessment Criteria (MBI:TAC) has good inter-rater reliability, but many raters knew teacher experience level.

Objective: We sought to further evaluate the MBI-TAC's inter-rater reliability and obtain preliminary data on predictive validity.

Methods: We videorecorded 21 MBSR teachers from academic and community settings.

Changing Medical Student Perceptions of Mental Illness Through a Psychiatry Clinical Clerkship: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study.

Objective: This study sought to understand whether perceptions of mental illness change during the course of students' psychiatry clerkships, and what facilitates such change.

Methods: Using a longitudinal qualitative study design, the authors followed up 14 medical students, interviewing them before, during, and after their psychiatric clerkship.

Results: Prior to clerkships, students perceived psychiatric patients to be dangerous, fragile, hard to treat, and to exert a disproportionate emotional toll on clinicians.

The Legacy of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact on Infant and Maternal and Health from an Appalachian Academic Medical Center.

Background/objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic period from 2020 to 2022 had a significant impact on maternal infant health with mothers impacted more than their infants. We questioned whether there have been any lingering effects from the pandemic.

Methods: We examined intermediate and long-term pandemic effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic period.

A pilot feasibility study comparing large language models in extracting key information from ICU patient text records from an Irish population.

Background: Artificial intelligence, through improved data management and automated summarisation, has the potential to enhance intensive care unit (ICU) care. Large language models (LLMs) can interrogate and summarise large volumes of medical notes to create succinct discharge summaries. In this study, we aim to investigate the potential of LLMs to accurately and concisely synthesise ICU discharge summaries.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 1614-1696.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , in leaves of , among deep leaf litter, from uredinium of on , on well-rotted twigs and litter in mixed wet sclerophyll and subtropical rainforest. , on twigs of , on bark, in savannas with shrubs and trees. , on leaves of , (incl.

Major trauma patients and their outcomes - A retrospective observational study of critical care trauma admissions to a trauma unit with special services.

Introduction: International data describes a changing pattern to trauma over the last decade, with an increasingly comorbid population presenting challenges to trauma management and resources. In Ireland, resource provision and management of trauma is being transformed to deliver a trauma network, in line with international best practice. Our hospital plays a crucial role within this network and is designated a Trauma Unit with Specialist Services (TUSS) to distinguish it from standard trauma units.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction and Prenatal Sleep Classes for Poor Prenatal Sleep Quality: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: The main objectives of the current paper were to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and adherence of a remotely delivered intervention consisting of mindfulness-based stress reduction plus prenatal sleep classes (MBSR+PS) compared with treatment as usual (TAU).

Method: In this pilot randomized controlled trial, 52 pregnant women with poor sleep quality were randomized to MBSR+PS or TAU. MBSR was delivered through eight weekly 2.

Uplifting local ecological knowledge as part of adaptation pathways to wildfire risk reduction: A case study in Montseny, Catalonia (Spain).

Living with wildfires in an era of climate change requires adaptation and weaving together many forms of knowledge. Empirical evidence of knowledge co-production in wildfire management is lacking in Mediterranean European areas. We explored how local ecological knowledge can be leveraged to reduce wildfire risk through an adaptation pathways process in the Montseny massif and wider Tordera River watershed of Catalonia, Spain: an area stewarded through forestry and agriculture, tourism, nature conservation, and fire management.

Whole Genome Sequence-Based Analysis of Bovine Gammaherpesvirus 4 Isolated from Bovine Abortions.

Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoGHV4) is a member of the subfamily, genus. Its natural host is the bovine, and it is prevalent among the global cattle population. Although the complete genome of BoGHV4 has been successfully sequenced, the functions of most of its genes remain unknown.