Non-intravenous carbapenem-sparing antibiotics for definitive treatment of bacteraemia due to Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) or AmpC β-lactamase: A propensity score study.

Carbapenems are considered the treatment of choice for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- or AmpC β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia. Data on the effectiveness of non-intravenous carbapenem-sparing antibiotic options are limited. This study compared the 30-day mortality and clinical failure associated with the use of carbapenems versus alternative non-intravenous antibiotics for the definitive treatment of ESBL/AmpC-positive Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia.

Impact on mortality of adherence to evidence-based interventions in patients with catheter-related bloodstream infection due to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated improved survival when the management of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (BSI) is compliant with evidence-based therapeutic interventions. Whether this effect extends to low-risk sources, such as catheter-related BSI, remains unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively included 225 episodes of methicillin-sensitive S.

Vitamin D deficiency and infection risk in kidney transplant recipients: A single-center cohort study.

Background: Recent studies have reported an increased susceptibility to infection among vitamin D-deficient kidney transplant (KT) recipients, although methodological concerns remain.

Methods: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were measured in 246 KT recipients at post-transplant months 1, 3, 6 and 12. Vitamin D status was analysed in terms of deficiency (Endocrine Society [<20 ng/mL] and Institute of Medicine [IoM, <12 ng/mL] criteria) and as a continuous variable.

Risk factors for bacteremia in urinary tract infections attended in the emergency department.

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common in emergency departments (ED), and at least 15% of them are bacteremic. However, there are few data on how to predict which patients are at high risk of developing bacteremic UTI (b-UTI). We performed a retrospective observational cohort study including patients diagnosed with UTI who were admitted to the ED of a tertiary-care hospital in Spain.

High MICs for Vancomycin and Daptomycin and Complicated Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections with Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.

We investigated the prognostic role of high MICs for antistaphylococcal agents in patients with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus catheter-related bloodstream infection (MSSA CRBSI). We prospectively reviewed 83 episodes from 5 centers in Spain during April 2011-June 2014 that had optimized clinical management and analyzed the relationship between E-test MICs for vancomycin, daptomycin, oxacillin, and linezolid and development of complicated bacteremia by using multivariate analysis. Complicated MSSA CRBSI occurred in 26 (31.

Should Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Be Systematically Treated in Kidney Transplant Recipients? Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

The indication for antimicrobial treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB) after kidney transplantation (KT) remains controversial. Between January 2011 and December 2013, 112 KT recipients that developed one episode or more of AB beyond the second month after transplantation were included in this open-label trial. Participants were randomized (1:1 ratio) to the treatment group (systematic antimicrobial therapy for all episodes of AB occurring ≤24 mo after transplantation [53 patients]) or control group (no antimicrobial therapy [59 patients]).

[Cloxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus with high MIC to glycopeptides. Ever we use cloxacillin?].

Staphylococcus aureus infections are yet an important cause of morbidity and mortality despite of numerous effective anti-staphylococcal antibiotics available. There has been an increasing incidence of methicillin-resistant strains which might have led to a wider use of vancomycin. This seems to ride alongside a covert progressive increase of S.

Implementation challenges of a TB programme in rural northern mozambique: evaluation of 2012-2013 outcomes.

Background: We aimed to identify challenges and to propose solutions for the implementation of tuberculosis (TB) programmes in rural Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by evaluating the outcomes of the TB programme in the Ancuabe district in rural Northern Mozambique.

Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of the patients included in the TB programme in 2012-2013. Follow-up was continued till June 2014.

Risk factors for metastatic osteoarticular infections after a long follow-up of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia.

We aimed to identify risk factors associated with the development of haematogenous metastatic osteoarticular infection (MOI) after an episode of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB). We followed 198 patients with SAB during a median of 68.9 months.

Infiltrative cervical lesions causing symptomatic occipital neuralgia.

Background: Occipital neuralgia is a well-recognized cause of posterior head and neck pain that may associate mild sensory changes in the cutaneous distribution of the occipital nerves, lacking a recognizable local structural aetiology in most cases. Atypical clinical features or an abnormal neurological examination are alerts for a potential underlying cause of pain, although cases of clinically typical occipital neuralgia as isolated manifestation of lesions of the cervical spinal cord, cervical roots, or occipital nerves have been increasingly reported.

Case Reports: We describe two cases (one with typical and another one with atypical clinical features) of occipital neuralgia secondary to paravertebral pyomyositis and vertebral relapse of multiple myeloma in patients with relevant medical history that aroused the possibility of an underlying structural lesion.