[Enteropathogenic microorganisms in children with acute diarrhea in 2 hospitals of Rosario, Argentina].

As part of a multicenter collaborative study the relative frequency of enteropathogenic agents in children less than 5 years of age with acute diarrhea was determined. Rates of isolation were similar as regards sex, age, and season. The frequency of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) in the stools was significantly higher among patients requiring admission in comparison with ambulatory patients.

Risk factors and classification of acute suppurative cholangitis.

A prospective study was performed in 1282 patients with common bile duct stones to determine the clinical and laboratory parameters that could predict cholangitis, and the factors associated with greater severity of cholangitis. Patients were divided into two groups, with or without acute cholangitis, depending on the macroscopic appearance of bile aspirated from the common bile duct during surgery. Acute cholangitis was diagnosed when the aspirated fluid was turbid or clearly pus; the typical Charcot's triad was present in only 22 per cent of patients with acute cholangitis.

[Nickel content of parenteral nutrition solutions].

Determination of the nickel content in 49 commercial solutions used in parenteral nutrition, by means of atomic absorption spectroscopy in a graphite kiln. Important differences were found between the different components (less than 5 to 23.000 ppb).

[A case of massive ascariasis in the riverside sector of the Riñihue lake, Chile].

A case of massive ascariasis in a three and a half years old girl who eliminated 104 worms after treatment with mebendazole is reported from a riverside sector of Riñihue Lake, Chile. Chilean literature about intestinal massive ascariasis is reviewed. Worms showed 12-29 cm of length and 0.

Epidemic dermatitis due to contact with a moth in Cozumel, Mexico.

In early December 1989, an outbreak that was initially thought to be scabies was investigated among employees of tourist hotels in Cozumel, Mexico. Of 417 employees interviewed, only 19 (4.6%) met a case definition for scabies dermatitis, while 91 (21.

Simultaneous speciation of butyltin and phenyltin compounds in the waters of south-west Spain.

An analytical method for the simultaneous speciation of butylin and phenyltin compounds has been applied to a study of the water quality in six locations (rivers and sea) in South West Spain. It was not intended to provide a comprehensive survey of the area but to establish what the maximum levels might be for a subsequent and more detailed study. Phenyltin species were not found in any sample, however tributyltin was present (100-400 ng l-1) in the Cadiz Bay samples, which suggests that the biological water quality may sometimes be depressed.

A depolarization can trigger Ca2+ uptake and the acrosome reaction when preceded by a hyperpolarization in L. pictus sea urchin sperm.

The acrosome reaction (AR) is an exocytotic event that allows sperm to recognize and fuse with the egg. In the sea urchin sperm this reaction is triggered by the outer investment of the egg, the jelly, which induces ionic movements leading to increases in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and intracellular pH (pHi), a K(+)-dependent transient hyperpolarization which may involve K+ channels, and a depolarization which depends on external Ca2+. The present paper explores the role of the hyperpolarization in the triggering of the acrosome reaction.

'Many are called...': participation by minority leaders in an AIDS intervention in San Francisco.

Though the AIDS epidemic has posed a significant threat to minority people, especially African Americans and Latinos, minority community response to the epidemic has lagged significantly behind the organized efforts initiated by the European-American gay community. To test the efficacy of an educational intervention in increasing the involvement of minority leaders in AIDS-related efforts, we identified and recruited 166 African-American and Latino leaders to participate in a randomized controlled trial. This report describes the identification and recruitment of leaders to the study.

Dietary management of malnourished children with a new enteral feeding.

Balance (nitrogen, fat, carbohydrate) and growth studies were carried out in nine children (6 to 26 months old) recovering from protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) using a concentrated (1 kcal/mL) formula designed specifically for 1- to 6-year-olds. The formula provided 12% of energy as protein (18% whey, 82% casein), 44% of energy as carbohydrate (69% corn syrup solids, 31% sucrose), and 44% of energy as fat (50% high-oleic safflower oil, 30% soy oil, 20% medium-chain triglycerides). Means +/- standard deviations of apparent nitrogen retention and absorption were 90 +/- 3% and 39 +/- 13%, respectively.

[Prevalence of gallbladder neoplasms in cholecystectomies].

The prevalence of gallbladder cancer in 10,468 cholecystectomy patients was studied: 3.4% of the female and only 1.32% of the male population had gallbladder cancer (p < 0.

Takayasu's arteritis in children.

We reviewed the clinical features of 26 children with Takayasu's arteritis. In contrast to what is often seen in adults, in this age group inflammation of different systems is a conspicuous feature. Eighty five percent of cases had arterial hypertension.

Effect of dietary fiber and starch on fecal composition in preschool children consuming maize, amaranth, or cassava flours.

Metabolic balance studies were carried out in young children fed diets based on maize, amaranth, or cassava flours and in corresponding casein controls. Dietary fiber intakes were 22.2, 20.

[Experience of the National Autonomous Board for Certification of Medical Specialties].

After 6 years of operation of a National (autonomous) Board for Certification of Medical Specialists, the number, distribution and training of medical specialists is analyzed. Problems regarding significant differences in the quality of training and imbalance among different specialties are identified. The medical profession has expressed its confidence and feels supported by the activities of the Board.

[11q distal trisomy due to a familial 11;18 translocation].

A seven-month-old boy with a distal trisomy 11q resulting from a maternal t(11;18)(q23;p11) is described. His main clinical features were microbrachycephaly, long philtrum, retracted lower lip, short neck, cardiac septal defect, and psychomotor retardation. It is concluded that the phenotype of the trisomy 11q is independent of the size of the duplication whenever the segment 11q23----qter is involved.

[Silent myocardial ischemia in unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction. Prospective clinical study].

To establish the prevalence and characteristics of silent myocardial ischemia in patients with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction and its possible correlation with coronary artery lesions; two groups patients were studied, fifteen with unstable angina and fifteen with acute myocardial infarction. In all patients a continuous 24 hours ECG recording was made with a solid state microprocessor for ST variation analysis, and all underwent coronary arteriography and ventriculography, the severity of coronary heart disease was determined by Gensini scoring system and the coronary angiography morphology was studied. In 86% patients with unstable angina ischemic ST changes were found, 90% of these episodes were silent.

[Clinical development of the in-hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction in patients treated with intravenous streptokinase].

In order to determine the clinical in-hospital course of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with intravenous Streptokinase (SK), 132 patients were studied divided as follows: Group I: 44 patients who arrived to the hospital within 6 hours from the onset of symptoms and received fibrinolytic therapy. Group II: 44 patients who arrived more than 6 hours delay and did not receive SK. Group III: 44 patients who arrived less than 6 hours delay but they did not receive SK.

The nutritional value of oat flour for very young children.

Whole groat flour was consumed by nine infants and young children as 22.5, 45, or 67% of total diet energy (one half of 6.4%, all of 6.

Post-prandial plasma aminograms in the assessment of protein quality for young children: maize and grain amaranth, alone and combined.

Post-prandial (p.p.) changes in plasma free amino acid (AA) concentrations of children consuming a single source of protein at critical levels are determined by its digestibility and total essential AA/total AA ratios; the molar proportion of the limiting EAA (EAA/TEAA), if any, will fall significantly in plasma as it is utilized more completely than others.

Ultrastructure of the nephron of grey mullets (Mugil cephalus L. and Liza saliens Risso 1810).

Mugil cephalus and Liza saliens nephrons consist of renal corpuscles, neck segments, first, second and third proximal segments, collecting segments and collecting ducts. The glomerular endothelial cells are fenestrated showing a thin diaphragm. Mesangial cells are located around and between the capillaries, suggesting a role in vessel contraction; they show no phagocytic ultrastructural features.

Quality-protein maize as the sole source of dietary protein and fat for rapidly growing young children.

Earlier studies demonstrated that quality protein maize (QPM), with increased lysine and tryptophan and decreased leucine contents, was more digestible and supported 45% greater nitrogen retention than common maize. Ten recovering malnourished children (ages 13 to 29 months, height-ages 5 to 15 months, weight-ages 3 to 11 months) have now received 90% of their diet energy and 100% of protein and fat from QPM. Energy intake was adjusted to allow them to reach the 50th centile of weight-for-length (according to the National Center for Health Statistics) in 90 days (two completed 60 days only).

Coca and cocaine in Peru: an international policy assessment.

Using part of a set of ethnographic data gathered over a 5-year period on the political economy of cocaine in Peru, the study examines the impact of coca and cocaine on the social and economic policies of Peru. Before assessing the Peruvian government's role in international drug policy, the article briefly surveys the traditional use of coca and production, trafficking, and abuse of cocaine within the context of a much larger national problem. The paper concludes with a critical evaluation of the limited investment in crop substitution and eradication programs supported by the American government.