The molecular and histopathological investigations of TLR2 rs5743708 and TLR4 (rs4986790 and rs4986791) polymorphisms effects on cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a zoonotic and neglected disease, is prevalent in numerous regions, particularly in tropical and sub-tropical countries. In Iran, endemic foci of leishmaniasis exist in specific regions, with zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) caused by Leishmania major being common in most rural areas. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immunities, and the investigation of TLR2 rs5743708 and TLR4 (rs4986790 and rs4986791) polymorphisms in parasitic diseases can have significant implications for patient treatment.

The Antinociceptive Effects of Combined Treatment With Atorvastatin and Vitamin C in the Chronic Constriction Injury Model of Rats.

Introduction: Neuropathic pain (NP) is caused by damage to the somatosensory system. Nerve damage often results in chronic pain states, including hyperalgesia and allodynia. This study aims to evaluate the anti-nociceptive effects of atorvastatin, vitamin C, and their combination on various laboratory tests in an experimental model NP in rats.

Molecular phylodiagnosis of Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus among canids in Guilan province, northern Iran.

Canine-transmitted worms and an uncontrolled deworming program of stray dogs have caused that accurate diagnosis of zoonotic parasites received notable attention in endemic regions. This study aimed to assess the presence of E. multilocularis and E.

Reliable smart models for estimating frictional pressure drop in two-phase condensation through smooth channels of varying sizes.

Reliable and comprehensive predictive tools for the frictional pressure drop (FPD) are of particular importance for systems involving two-phase flow condensation. However, the available models are only applicable to specific operating conditions and channel sizes. Thus, this study aims at developing universal models to estimate the FPD during condensation inside smooth mini/micro and conventional (macro) channels.

Experimental study and machine learning modeling of water removal efficiency from crude oil using demulsifier.

This study deals with the investigation of the water removal efficiency (WRE) from crude oil using a commercial demulsifier. The impacts of time, demulsifier concentration, and temperature on WRE were experimentally studied. The results implied the fact that temperature plays a substantial role in the demulsification and has a direct correlation with WRE.

Ab initio investigation of the competition of pnicogen, halogen, and hydrogen bonds resulting from the interactions between cyanophosphine and hypohalous acids.

Context: The complexes formed as a result of the interactions between cyanophosphine (CP, HPCN) and hypohalous acid molecules (HOX, X = F, Cl, Br, and I) were studied by employing ab initio computations conducted at the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level. Three types of complexes were acquired (I, II, and III) as a result of the (O∙∙∙P) pnicogen bond, the (N∙∙∙H) hydrogen bond, and the (N∙∙∙X) halogen bond interaction, respectively. The results of harmonic vibrational frequency calculations with no imaginary frequencies confirmed the structures as minima.

Competition of hydrogen, tetrel, and halogen bonds in COCl-HOX (X=F, Cl, Br, I) complexes.

The present study investigates the competition between hydrogen, halogen, and tetrel bonds from the interaction of COCl with HOX using quantum chemistry simulations at the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ computational level, in which five configurations were optimized, including adducts I -V. Two hydrogen bonds, two halogen bonds, and two tetrel bonds were obtained for five forms of adducts. The compounds were investigated using spectroscopic, geometry, and energy properties.

Intelligent modeling of hydrogen sulfide solubility in various types of single and multicomponent solvents.

This study aims to study the solubility of acid gas, i.e., hydrogen sulfide (HS) in different solvents.

Ultracompact, high-extinction ratio XOR, OR, and Feynman logic gates based on plasmonic metal-insulator-metal directional couplers.

Three plasmonic logic gates including XOR, OR, and Feynman based on directional couplers operating in the optical communications band are proposed. First, a 3 dB directional coupler based on metal-insulator-metal waveguides is presented and its operation principles are investigated using the coupled mode theory method. Then, XOR and OR logic gates are implemented simultaneously in one structure.

Role of Superantigens in Various Childhood Inflammatory Diseases.

Superantigens (Sags) are a part of some viral or bacterial proteins that stimulate T cells and antigen-presenting cells leading to systemic immune repose and inflammation. SAgs might have a possible role in various inflammatory childhood diseases (e.g.

Improving the Security and Confidentiality in the Internet of Medical Things Based on Edge Computing Using Clustering.

Families, physicians, and hospital environments use remote patient monitoring (RPM) technologies to remotely monitor a patient's vital signs, reduce visit time, reduce hospital costs, and improve the quality of care. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is provided by applications that provide remote access to patient's physiological data. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) tools basically have a user interface, biosensor, and Internet connectivity.

Robust and universal predictive models for frictional pressure drop during two-phase flow in smooth helically coiled tube heat exchangers.

There is a lack of well-verified models in the literature for the prediction of the frictional pressure drop (FPD) in the helically coiled tubes at different conditions/orientations. In this study, the robust and universal models for estimating two-phase FPD in smooth coiled tubes with different orientations were developed using several intelligent approaches. For this reason, a databank comprising 1267 experimental data samples was collected from 12 independent studies, which covers a broad range of fluids, tube diameters, coil diameters, coil axis inclinations, mass fluxes, saturation temperatures, and vapor qualities.

Finite element study of stem cells under fluid flow for mechanoregulation toward osteochondral cells.

Investigating the effects of mechanical stimuli on stem cells under in vitro and in vivo conditions is a very important issue to reach better control on cellular responses like growth, proliferation, and differentiation. In this regard, studying the effects of scaffold geometry, steady, and transient fluid flow, as well as influence of different locations of the cells lodged on the scaffold on effective mechanical stimulations of the stem cells are of the main goals of this study. For this purpose, collagen-based scaffolds and implicit surfaces of the pore architecture was used.

Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway is correlated with pathophysiological characteristics of AML patients and its inhibition using TAK-242 suppresses AML cell proliferation.

Purpose: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most severe blood cancers. Many studies have revealed that inflammation has an essential role in the progression of hematopoietic malignancies. Since the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway, an important pathway involved in inflammation induction, has previously been associated with solid tumors, we hypothesized that it would be correlated with the pathophysiological characteristics of AML patients and could be considered as an anticancer target.

A novel bioassay for the monitoring of carcinoembryonic antigen in human biofluid using polymeric interface and immunosensing method.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a member of a family of cell surface glycoproteins. Recognition of CEA is needed to monitor the physiological status of the patient for treatment and also it is important to assess the severity of the disease. In this work, we reported a novel sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles functionalized cysteamine-glutaraldehyde (AuNPs-CysA-GA) and it successfully designed to detection of the CEA biomarker in a human plasma sample.

Effects of ADJUVANT Ketamine on Induction of Anesthesia for the Cesarean Section.

Background: The cesarean section has shown an increasing trend within the past few years. The use of appropriate and effective anesthesia for the procedure is important, not only to reduce the incidence of maternal and fetal morbidities but also to reduce the incidence of intraoperative consciousness. The aim of this study is to evaluate the intraoperative and postoperative effects of adjuvant ketamine, when used in combination with general anesthesia.

Comparative Study of 0.2% Glyceryl Trinitrate Ointment for Pain Reduction after Hemorrhoidectomy Surgery.

 Hemorrhoid is one of the most common diseases in both, men and women, affecting half of the world's population over the age of 50.  The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of local ointment of glyceryl trinitrate ointment (GTN) after hemorrhoidectomy.  In this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the patients were grouped as the treatment, that is GTN, and placebo (P) group.

The Relationship between the Phases of the Menstrual Cycle on the Incidence and Severity of Headache after Spinal Anesthesia.

 Headache after spinal anesthesia is a common complication, which is caused after dural puncture due to discharge of cerebrospinal fluid and reduction in the volume and pressure. Studies have shown that a variety of factors are involved including needle shape, needle size, patient's sex, age, duration of surgery, history of spinal anesthesia, and history of headaches. One possible factor is the phase of the menstrual cycle.

A clinical association between Toll-like receptor 2 Arg753Gln polymorphism with recurrent cystic echinococcosis in postsurgery patients: A case control study.

Recurrence of hydatid cysts in cystectomy patients has dramatically remained a serious concern within the surgical community. Predisposing factors for recurrence of hydatid cysts remained to be identified. Toll-like receptor (TLR) plays a pivotal role in bridging between acquired and innate immunity in cystic echinococcosis (CE) infection.

Effect of Artemisia Aucheri.L and Bupivacaine Encapsulated Nanoparticles on Nociceptive Pain.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive interaction between bupivacaine and Artemisia aucheri. L encapsulated nanoparticles.

Methods And Materials: The effect of bupivacaine and Artemisia aucheri.

Role of Drug Anesthesia and Cancer.

Mortality and morbidity rate among cancer patients is at an alarming rate and its ratio of incidence is increasing as a result of its effects of metastasis and recurrence in its patients. Anesthetists are faced with the challenges daily of handling and treating cancer patients, for surgical resection to removal of the primary tumor. Retrospective analyses and studies have proposed a link between anesthetic technique and cancer outcomes.

Bupivacaine Versus Liposomal Bupivacaine For Pain Control.

Local infiltrations and regional blocks have been some of the effective ways employed to manage and control post-operative pain. One of the limitations of administration of local anesthesia drugs in post-operative conditions is its inability to act for a longer period of time. Multi-vesicular liposomes made up of bupivacaine have been progressively used for their increased duration of action.

Protective effects of oleuropein against renal injury oxidative damage in alloxan-induced diabetic rats; a histological and biochemical study.

Background: Oleuropein is a potent antioxidant and free-radical scavenger with antiinflammatory properties.

Objectives: In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of oleuropein on myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitrite, urea, creatinine and glomerulosclerosis in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: group 1 as control; group 2 as untreated diabetic; and group 3 as treated with oleuropein 15 mg/kg i.

Fabrication of chitosan/poly(lactic acid)/graphene oxide/TiO composite nanofibrous scaffolds for sustained delivery of doxorubicin and treatment of lung cancer.

In this work, the synthesized graphene oxide/TiO/doxorubicin (GO/TiO/DOX) composites were loaded into the chitosan/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) solutions to fabricate the electrospun chitosan/PLA/GO/TiO/DOX nanofibrous scaffolds via electrospinning process. The synthesized composites and nanofibers were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Three-factor three-level central composite design was used to determine the influence of PLA to chitosan ratio, TiO/DOX content and GO/TiO/DOX content on the release of DOX from nanofibrous scaffolds.

Nanotechnology application to local anaesthesia (LA).

Several advancements have been made on the exact release of local anaesthetics formulation and its efficiency at inducing motor and sensory block for an extended time has been harnessed in clinical practice. The use of sustained release formulations delivers analgesia for a lengthier period of time with one administration, thereby reducing complications that usually arise with administration of conventional analgesia. In addition, controlled release of an anaesthetic drug is said to prevent overdosing, reduced side effects, especially cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity and tissue lesions.