Adherence to perindopril/amlodipine/atorvastatin combination according to the administration strategy.

Aims: To compare adherence to perindopril/amlodipine/atorvastatin combination administrated as a polypill (one pill) vs separate tablets.

Methods: Using the healthcare utilization database of Lombardy (Italy), 1 110 patients who received the perindopril/amlodipine/atorvastatin polypill during 2019-2021 were matched with 1 110 patients prescribed the same combination in separate tablets or as two antihypertensive drugs in a single tablet and the lipid-lowering drug tablet separately. Adherence to treatment was assessed over the year after the first perindopril/amlodipine/atorvastatin dispensation as the proportion of the follow-up days covered by prescription (PDC).

Time Trends in Liver-Related Mortality in People With and Without Diabetes: Results From a Population-Based Study.

Context: Patients with diabetes are at increased risk of dying from liver-related events, but little is known on whether this increased risk has changed in recent years.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to describe time trends in cause-specific liver-related mortality in people with and without diabetes from the general Italian population.

Methods: Data were retrieved from the health care utilization databases of Lombardy, a region of Italy that accounts for about 16% (almost 10 million) of its population.

Deep transfer learning-based anomaly detection for cycling safety.

Introduction: Despite the general improvements in road safety, with the growing number of bicycle users, cycling safety is still a challenge as demonstrated by the fact that it is the only road transport mode with an increase in the number of fatalities in EU cities.

Problem: Moreover, to analyze the problem to improve the road transport system, the traditional network screening based on crash statistics is a reactive approach and less effective due to the lack of suitable bicycle data availability, as well. In such a framework, new opportunities for data collection in smart cities and communities are emerging as proactive approaches to identify critical locations where safety treatments can be effectively applied to prevent bicycle crashes.

Kdm7a expression is spatiotemporally regulated in developing Xenopus laevis embryos, and its overexpression influences late retinal development.

Background: Post-translational histone modifications are among the most common epigenetic modifications that orchestrate gene expression, playing a pivotal role during embryonic development and in various pathological conditions. Among histone lysine demethylases, KDM7A, also known as KIAA1718 or JHDM1D, catalyzes the demethylation of H3K9me1/2 and H3K27me1/2, leading to transcriptional regulation. Previous data suggest that KDM7A plays a central role in several biological processes, including cell proliferation, commitment, differentiation, apoptosis, and maintenance.

Adherence and related cardiovascular outcomes to single pill vs. separate pill administration of antihypertensive triple-combination therapy.

Objective: To compare adherence to antihypertensive treatment between patients prescribed a three-drug single-pill combination (SPC) of perindopril/amlodipine/indapamide (P/A/I) vs. the combination of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), a calcium-channel blocker (CCB), and a diuretic (D) as a two-drug SPC plus a third drug given separately.

Methods: Using the healthcare utilization database of the Lombardy Region (Italy), the 28 210 patients, aged at least 40 years, who were prescribed P/A/I SPC during 2015-2018 were identified and the date of the first prescription was defined as the index date.

Detection of anomalies in cycling behavior with convolutional neural network and deep learning.

Background: Cycling has always been considered a sustainable and healthy mode of transport. With the increasing concerns of greenhouse gases and pollution, policy makers are intended to support cycling as commuter mode of transport. Moreover, during Covid-19 period, cycling was further appreciated by citizens as an individual opportunity of mobility.

The impact of renal denervation procedure on use of antihypertensive drugs in the real-life setting.

. Randomised controlled trials have shown that renal denervation lowers office and ambulatory blood pressure. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether patients undergoing renal denervation procedure in a real-life setting have a reduction in antihypertensive drug prescription over the subsequent years.

Prevalence of children witnessed violence in a pediatric emergency department.

Unlabelled: Witnessed violence is a form of child abuse with detrimental effects on child wellbeing and development, whose recognition relies on the assessment of their mother exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV). The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of witnessed violence in a population of children attending a pediatric emergency department (ED) in Italy, by searching for IPV in their mother, and to define the characteristics of the mother-child dyads. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2020 to January 2021.

Prolonged Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Results From a Large Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study.

Context: It is still debated whether prolonged use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) might affect metabolic health.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between prolonged use of PPIs and the risk of developing diabetes.

Methods: We performed a case-control study nested into a cohort of 777 420 patients newly treated with PPIs between 2010 and 2015 in Lombardy, Italy.

External quality assessment providers' services appear to more impact the immunohaematology performance of laboratories than national regulatory and economic conditions.

Objectives: Medical laboratories may, at their own discretion, exceed but not undercut regulatory quality requirements. Available economic resources, however, may drive or hinder eagerness to exceed minimum requirements. Depending on the respective scopes of regulatory and economic framework conditions, differing levels of quality efforts to safeguard laboratory performance can be anticipated.

Case Report: Somatic Symptoms Veiling Gender Dysphoria in an Adolescent.

Somatic symptom disorder is common in children and adolescents; usually, it is an expression of a mental health problem or other conditions that lead to psychosocial impairment and suffering. Among these, in pubertal age, gender dysphoria should be considered. We present the case of a 15-year-old girl admitted to the hospital because of a 2-month history of scattered arthralgia and myalgia, headache, and fatigue, with repeated visits to the emergency room.

Synapsin Condensates Recruit alpha-Synuclein.

Neurotransmission relies on the tight spatial and temporal regulation of the synaptic vesicle (SV) cycle. Nerve terminals contain hundreds of SVs that form tight clusters. These clusters represent a distinct liquid phase in which one component of the phase are SVs and the other synapsin 1, a highly abundant synaptic protein.

How to recognize and manage psychosomatic pain in the pediatric emergency department.

Aim: Children and adolescents affected by somatization and somatic symptom disorder commonly refer to emergency services. Due to the absence of specific guidelines for the emergency setting and to a possible lack of knowledge, these patients are at risk of being unrecognized and mismanaged. This study aims at proposing a clinical practice to approach and manage these patients and their families in the emergency setting.

Mental health problems in children admitted with physical symptoms.

The aim of the study was to investigate the burden of mental health problems in children and adolescents admitted to a pediatric ward with physical complaints. We conducted a retrospective study, considering all patients admitted to the pediatric ward of the IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy, between January 2015 and September 2016. We selected all patients, from 5 to 17 years old, who were admitted with physical complaints and were discharged with a diagnosis suggestive of a mental health problem: somatic symptom disorder, anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, factious disorders.

Climate warming restructures an aquatic food web over 28 years.

Climate warming can restructure lake food webs if trophic levels differ in their thermal responses, but evidence for these changes and their underlying mechanisms remain scarce in nature. Here we document how warming lake temperatures by up to 2°C, rather than changes in trophic state or fishing effort, have restructured the pelagic food web of a large European lake (Lake Maggiore, Italy). Our approach exploited abundance and biomass data collected weekly to yearly across five trophic levels from 1981 to 2008.

Venipuncture activates the cerebral cortex in children with intellectual disability.

Objective: To evaluate the pattern of cortical activation during a painful procedure, such as a venipuncture, in children with intellectual disability and compare it with that of cognitively healthy children.

Study Design And Setting: A cohort study was conducted and cortical activation was assessed by multichannel cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor variations in oxyhaemoglobin and deoxyhaemoglobin (Hbb) in children with and without intellectual disability during a venipuncture for blood sampling with topical anaesthesia. Pain and distress were assessed as well using different validated pain scales (visual analogue scale and Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist-Postoperative Version for children with intellectual disability), and compared between groups.

IntravaScular Lithotripsy for the Management of UndILatable Coronary StEnt: The SMILE Registry.

Background: Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) showed to be effective in dilating heavily calcified de novo coronary lesions but little is known about its performance in under-expanded stents management. Aim of this study was to assess the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of IVL for the treatment of stent underexpansion refractory to balloon dilatation.

Methods: A multicentre, retrospective cohort analysis was performed in patients undergoing IVL to treat under-expanded stents following non-compliant balloon expansion failure.

A young girl with right ovarian torsion and left ovarian ectopy.

Background: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKHS) syndrome refers to congenital hypoplasia/aplasia of the uterus, the cervix and the upper 2/3 of the vagina, in females with normal ovaries and fallopian tubes, secondary sexual characteristics and 46 XX karyotype. This condition originates from abnormal development of Müller's paramesonephric ducts in the early stages of embryonic development. Kidney agenesis or malformations are the most commonly associated with unilateral kidney agenesis.