Neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects of superoxide dismutase on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and RAW264.7 macrophages.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that protects the body from free radicals. It has both antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, inducing macrophage polarization from M1 to M2. Macrophages, key mediators of the innate immune response, are divided into the M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) subtypes.

The Efficacy and Safety of Lidocaine-Containing Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Filler for Treatment of Nasolabial Folds: A Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Study.

Background: The use of injectable hyaluronic acid-based gel is well established in aesthetic facial procedures especially on the nasolabial fold (NLF).

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of PP-501-A-Lidocaine dermal filler with RestylaneLidocaine(®) when administered to the NLF.

Methods: Sixty-six subjects seeking correction of NLFs, with moderate or severe wrinkle severity, were recruited for this multicenter, randomized, patient and evaluator-blind, matched pairs, and active-controlled design clinical study.

Economic Impact of Atopic Dermatitis in Korean Patients.

Background: Atopic dermatitis is a global public health concern owing to its increasing prevalence and socioeconomic burden. However, few studies have assessed the economic impact of atopic dermatitis in Korea.

Objective: We conducted a cost analysis of atopic dermatitis and evaluated its economic impacts on individual annual disease burden, quality of life, and changes in medical expenses with respect to changes in health related-quality of life.