Human RAMP1 overexpressing mice are resistant to migraine therapies for motion sensitivity.

Both enhanced motion-induced nausea and increased static imbalance are observed symptoms in migraine and especially vestibular migraine (VM). Motion-induced nausea and static imbalance were investigated in a mouse model, nestin/hRAMP1, expressing elevated levels of human RAMP1 which enhances CGRP signaling in the nervous system, and compared to non-affected littermate controls. Behavioral surrogates such as the motion-induced thermoregulation and postural sway center of pressure (CoP) assays were used to assess motion sensitivity.

Quantitative Optical Redox Imaging of Melanoma Xenografts with Different Metastatic Potentials.

To develop imaging biomarkers for tumors aggressiveness, our previous optical redox imaging (ORI) studies of the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and oxidized flavoproteins (Fp, containing flavin adenine dinucleotide, i.e., FAD) in tumor xenografts of human melanoma associated the high optical redox ratio (ORR = Fp/(Fp + NADH)) and its heterogeneity to the high invasive/metastatic potential, without having reported quantitative results for NADH and Fp.

An extremely electron poor Au(III) trication bearing acetonitrile ligands.

The synthesis and structural characterization of an electron poor Au(III) trication bearing 2 imidazole and 2 acetonitrile ligands is described. The new complex is capable of aryl C-H metalation with the formation of a monomesitylene complex and also demonstrated to be highly oxidizing in the rapid room temperature conversion of cyclohexene to benzene.

Analytical validation of HER2DX genomic test for early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer.

Background: HER2DX, a multianalyte genomic test, has been clinically validated to predict breast cancer recurrence risk (relapse risk score), the probability of achieving pathological complete response post-neoadjuvant therapy (pCR likelihood score), and individual ERBB2 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels in patients with early-stage human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. This study delves into the comprehensive analysis of HER2DX's analytical performance.

Materials And Methods: Precision and reproducibility of HER2DX risk, pCR, and ERBB2 mRNA scores were assessed within and between laboratories using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues and purified RNA.

Pathogenicity in Chickens and Turkeys of a 2021 United States H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Clade 2.3.4.4b Wild Bird Virus Compared to Two Previous H5N8 Clade 2.3.4.4 Viruses.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of subtype H5 of the Gs/GD/96 lineage remain a major threat to poultry due to endemicity in wild birds. H5N1 HPAIVs from this lineage were detected in 2021 in the United States (U.S.

Human RAMP1 overexpressing mice are resistant to migraine therapies for motion sensitivity.

Both enhanced motion-induced nausea and increased static imbalance are observed symptoms in migraine and especially vestibular migraine (VM). Motion-induced nausea and static imbalance were investigated in a mouse model, nestin/hRAMP1, expressing elevated levels of human RAMP1 which enhances CGRP signaling in the nervous system, and compared to non-affected littermate controls. Behavioral surrogates such as the motion- induced thermoregulation and postural sway center of pressure (CoP) assays were used to assess motion sensitivity.

Presentation and Management of Uterine Didelphys with Unilateral Cervicovaginal Agenesis/Dysgenesis (CVAD): A Multicenter Case Series.

Introduction: There are several well-described presentations of uterine didelphys (UD): UD without vaginal septum, UD with non-obstructed longitudinal vaginal septum, or UD with duplicated vaginas and an obstructed hemivagina on one side with ipsilateral renal anomaly.

Study Objective: To describe another variant of UD and compare the presentation and management across different institutions METHODS: This was a retrospective case series approved by the NASPAG Fellows Research Consortium. Participating institutions obtained IRB approval.

ReachingBot: An automated and scalable benchtop device for highly parallel Single Pellet Reach-and-Grasp training and assessment in mice.

Background: The single pellet reaching and grasp (SPRG) task is a behavioural assay widely used to study motor learning, control and recovery after nervous system injury in animals. The manual training and assessment of the SPRG is labour intensive and time consuming and has led to the development of multiple devices which automate the SPRG task.

New Method: Here, using robotics, computer vision, and machine learning analysis of videos, we describe a device that can be left unattended, presents pellets to mice, and, using two supervised learning algorithms, classifies the outcome of each trial with an accuracy of greater than 94% without the use of graphical processing units (GPUs).

Histological Comparative Analysis of Bowman Layer Grafts Procured Using 3 Different Techniques.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to perform a histological analysis of Bowman layer (BL) grafts.

Methods: BL grafts were procured from 13 human cadaver corneal tissues using 3 different donor preparation techniques. Subsequently, the grafts were fixed in 10% buffered formalin phosphate and embedded in paraffin.

Collagen type XII is undetectable in keratoconus Bowman's layer.

Purpose: Corneal biomechanical failure is the hallmark of keratoconus (KC); however, the cause of this failure remains elusive. Collagen type XII (), which localises to Bowman's layer (BL), is thought to function in stress-bearing areas, such as BL. Given the putative protective role of in biomechanical stability, this study aims to characterise expression in all corneal layers involved in KC.

Safe and effective delivery of high-power, short-duration radiofrequency ablation lesions with a flexible-tip ablation catheter.

Background: High-power, short-duration (HPSD) radiofrequency ablation (RFA) may reduce ablation time. Concerns that catheter-mounted thermocouples (TCs) can underestimate tissue temperature, resulting in elevated risk of steam pop formation, potentially limit widespread adoption of HPSD ablation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of HPSD and low-power, long-duration (LPLD) RFA in the context of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).

Delayed viral vector mediated delivery of neurotrophin-3 improves skilled hindlimb function and stability after thoracic contusion.

Intramuscular injection of an Adeno-associated viral vector serotype 1 (AAV1) encoding Neurotrophin-3 (NT3) into hindlimb muscles 24 h after a severe T9 spinal level contusion in rats has been shown to induce lumbar spinal neuroplasticity, partially restore locomotive function and reduce spasms during swimming. Here we investigate whether a targeted delivery of NT3 to lumbar and thoracic motor neurons 48 h following a severe contusive injury aids locomotive recovery in rats. AAV1-NT3 was injected bilaterally into the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius and rectus abdominus muscles 48-h following trauma, persistently elevating serum levels of the neurotrophin.

Harnessing cortical plasticity via gabapentinoid administration promotes recovery after stroke.

Stroke causes devastating sensory-motor deficits and long-term disability due to disruption of descending motor pathways. Restoration of these functions enables independent living and therefore represents a high priority for those afflicted by stroke. Here, we report that daily administration of gabapentin, a clinically approved drug already used to treat various neurological disorders, promotes structural and functional plasticity of the corticospinal pathway after photothrombotic cortical stroke in adult mice.

Burden of Disease of COVID-19: Strengthening the Collaboration for National Studies.

Objectives: Quantifying the combined impact of morbidity and mortality is a key enabler to assessing the impact of COVID-19 across countries and within countries relative to other diseases, regions, or demographics. Differences in methods, data sources, and definitions of mortality due to COVID-19 may hamper comparisons. We describe efforts to support countries in estimating the national-level burden of COVID-19 using disability-adjusted life years.

Factors related to under-treatment of secondary cardiovascular risk, including primary healthcare: Australian National Health Survey linked data analysis.

Objective: To inform national evidence gaps on cardiovascular disease (CVD) preventive medication use and factors relating to under-treatment - including primary healthcare engagement - among CVD survivors in Australia.

Methods: Data from 884 participants with self-reported CVD from the 2014-15 National Health Survey were linked to primary care and pharmaceutical dispensing data for 2016 through the Multi-Agency Data Integration Project. Logistic regression quantified the relation of combined blood pressure- and lipid-lowering medication use to participant characteristics.

Education-related inequalities in cause-specific mortality: first estimates for Australia using individual-level linked census and mortality data.

Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are evident in all high-income countries, and ongoing monitoring is recommended using linked census-mortality data. Using such data, we provide the first estimates of education-related inequalities in cause-specific mortality in Australia, suitable for international comparisons.

Methods: We used Australian Census (2016) linked to 13 months of Death Registrations (2016-17).

Peripherally delivered Adeno-associated viral vectors for spinal cord injury repair.

Via the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems, the spinal cord directly or indirectly connects reciprocally with many body systems (muscular, intengumentary, respiratory, immune, digestive, excretory, reproductive, cardiovascular, etc). Accordingly, spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in catastrophe for multiple body systems including muscle paralysis affecting movement and loss of normal sensation, as well as neuropathic pain, spasticity, reduced fertility and autonomic dysreflexia. Treatments and cure for an injured spinal cord will likely require access of therapeutic agents across the blood-CNS (central nervous system) barrier.

Neurotrophin-3 attenuates human peripheral blood T cell and monocyte activation status and cytokine production post stroke.

Background And Purpose: Stroke therapy still lacks successful measures to improve post stroke recovery. Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) is one promising candidate which has proven therapeutic benefit in motor recovery in acute experimental stroke. Post stroke, the immune system has opposing pathophysiological roles: pro-inflammatory cascades and immune cell infiltration into the brain exacerbate cell death while the peripheral immune response has only limited capabilities to fight infections during the acute and subacute phase.

Mechanics of neural tube morphogenesis.

The neural tube is an important model system of morphogenesis representing the developmental module of out-of-plane epithelial deformation. As the embryonic precursor of the central nervous system, the neural tube also holds keys to many defects and diseases. Recent advances begin to reveal how genetic, cellular and environmental mechanisms work in concert to ensure correct neural tube shape.

Value of a national burden-of-disease study: a comparison of estimates between the Australian Burden of Disease Study 2015 and the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

Background: Estimates of burden of disease are important for monitoring population health, informing policy and service planning. Burden estimates for the same population can be reported differently by national studies [e.g.

A drug-induced hypotensive challenge to verify catheter-based radiofrequency renal denervation in an obese hypertensive swine model.

Objective: Sham-controlled trials provided proof-of-principle for the blood pressure-lowering effect of catheter-based renal denervation (RDN). However, indicators for the immediate assessment of treatment success are lacking. This study sought to investigate the impact of RDN on renal renin arteriovenous difference (renal renin AV-Δ) following a hypotensive challenge (HC).