Mediation of an association between neighborhood socioeconomic environment and type 2 diabetes through the leisure-time physical activity environment in an analysis of three independent samples.

Introduction: Inequitable access to leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) resources may explain geographic disparities in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We evaluated whether the neighborhood socioeconomic environment (NSEE) affects T2D through the LTPA environment.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted analyses in three study samples: the national Veterans Administration Diabetes Risk (VADR) cohort comprising electronic health records (EHR) of 4.

Unsupervised anomaly detection for posteroanterior chest X-rays using multiresolution patch-based self-supervised learning.

The demand for anomaly detection, which involves the identification of abnormal samples, has continued to increase in various domains. In particular, with increases in the data volume of medical imaging, the demand for automated screening systems has also risen. Consequently, in actual clinical practice, radiologists can focus only on diagnosing patients with abnormal findings.

Spin-flip-driven anomalous Hall effect and anisotropic magnetoresistance in a layered Ising antiferromagnet.

The influence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy in antiferromagnets is evident in a spin flip or flop transition. Contrary to spin flops, a spin-flip transition has been scarcely presented due to its specific condition of relatively strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the role of spin-flips on anisotropic phenomena has not been investigated in detail. In this study, we present antiferromagnet-based functional properties on an itinerant Ising antiferromagnet CaSrCoAs.

Factors affecting self-care among community-dwelling hypertensive older adults: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: To examine self-care behaviours among older adults with hypertension and identify related factors, including cognitive function, religious belief and comorbidities.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: Self-care behaviours included diet and health.

Population-Based, Spatial Analysis of Specialised Ambulatory Palliative Care in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany, on the Basis of Reimbursement Data.

In rural areas, healthcare providers, patients and relatives have to cover long distances. For specialised ambulatory palliative care (SAPV), a supply radius of max. 30 km is recommended.

Web-Based Delirium Prevention Application for Long-Term Care Facilities.

Objective: A web-based application was developed for medical staff to easily access and use a comprehensive delirium prevention management program-comprising risk prediction, assessment, and intervention-even in long-term care facilities with insufficient systems.

Design: A randomized control trial.

Setting And Participants: A long-term care facility with 250 beds in Korea.

Ribosomes lacking bS21 gain function to regulate protein synthesis in Flavobacterium johnsoniae.

Ribosomes of Bacteroidia (formerly Bacteroidetes) fail to recognize Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequences even though they harbor the anti-SD (ASD) of 16S rRNA. Inhibition of SD-ASD pairing is due to sequestration of the 3' tail of 16S rRNA in a pocket formed by bS21, bS18, and bS6 on the 30S platform. Interestingly, in many Flavobacteriales, the gene encoding bS21, rpsU, contains an extended SD sequence.

Prognostic Impact of Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Heavily Calcified Coronary Artery Disease Receiving Rotational Atherectomy.

Background: Periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) occurs more frequently in patients with heavily calcified lesion and undergoing rotational atherectomy (RA). However, there are limited studies addressing prognostic impact of PMI in patients requiring RA due to severe coronary artery calcification (CAC). Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prognostic impact of PMI in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using RA.

Burnout and the Quantified Workplace: Tensions around Personal Sensing Interventions for Stress in Resident Physicians.

Recent research has explored computational tools to manage workplace stress via personal sensing, a measurement paradigm in which behavioral data streams are collected from technologies including smartphones, wearables, and personal computers. As these tools develop, they invite inquiry into how they can be appropriately implemented towards improving workers' well-being. In this study, we explored this proposition through formative interviews followed by a design provocation centered around measuring burnout in a U.

The relationship between mental representations of self and social evaluation: Examining the validity and usefulness of visual proxies of self-image.

Reverse correlation (RC) method has been recently used to visualize mental representations of self. Previous studies have mainly examined the relationship between psychological aspects measured by self-reports and classification images of self (self-CIs), which are visual proxies of self-image generated through the RC method. In Experiment 1 ( = 118), to extend the validity of self-CIs, we employed social evaluation on top of self-reports as criterion variables and examined the relationship between self-CIs and social evaluation provided by clinical psychologists.

Machine learning identifies T cell receptor repertoire signatures associated with COVID-19 severity.

T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires are critical for antiviral immunity. Determining the TCR repertoire composition, diversity, and dynamics and how they change during viral infection can inform the molecular specificity of host responses to viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. To determine signatures associated with COVID-19 disease severity, here we perform a large-scale analysis of over 4.

In vitro modeling of liver fibrosis with 3D co-culture system using a novel human hepatic stellate cell line.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play an important role in liver fibrosis; however, owing to the heterogeneity and limited supply of primary HSCs, the development of in vitro liver fibrosis models has been impeded. In this study, we established and characterized a novel human HSC line (LSC-1), and applied it to various types of three-dimensional (3D) co-culture systems with differentiated HepaRG cells. Furthermore, we compared LSC-1 with a commercially available HSC line on conventional monolayer culture.

Exposure to volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adolescents: Korea National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015-2017.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent liver diseases among adolescents. Several animal studies have suggested that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) increase NAFLD risk. However, few epidemiological studies have confirmed the association between VOCs, PAHs and NAFLD in the general adolescent population.

Extraction of Lumbar Spine Motion Using a 3-IMU Wearable Cluster.

Spine movement is a daily activity that can indicate health status changes, including low back pain (LBP) problems. Repetitious and continuous movement on the spine and incorrect postures during daily functional activities may lead to the potential development and persistence of LBP problems. Therefore, monitoring of posture and movement is essential when designing LBP interventions.

Evaluation of the Community Health Worker Model for COVID-19 Response and Recovery.

Community health workers (CHWs), or promotores de salud, have long played a role in health promotion, but the COVID-19 pandemic has brought renewed attention to the functions, sustainability, and financing of CHW models. ¡Andale! ¿Que Esperas? was a 12-month (June 2021-May 2022) campaign that expanded the CHW workforce to increase COVID-19 vaccination rates in structurally vulnerable, Latinx communities across California. This mixed-methods evaluation aims to elucidate (1) the role of CHWs in COVID-19 response, recovery, and rebuilding and (2) the importance, needs, and perils of CHW models in the COVID-19 era and beyond.

Complications, Adverse Drug Events, High Costs, and Disparities in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children vs COVID-19.

Importance: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) causes severe inflammation of multiple organ systems after SARS-CoV-2 infection. During the pandemic, surveillance reporting of MIS-C was voluntary, with likely underreporting. For a rare syndrome like MIS-C, numerous data are needed to explore the disease in greater detail.

ADAR1-dependent miR-3144-3p editing simultaneously induces MSI2 expression and suppresses SLC38A4 expression in liver cancer.

Aberrant adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, catalyzed by adenosine deaminase acting on double-stranded RNA (ADAR), has been implicated in various cancers, but the mechanisms by which microRNA (miRNA) editing contributes to cancer development are largely unknown. Our multistage hepatocellular carcinogenesis transcriptome data analyses, together with publicly available data, indicated that ADAR1 was the most profoundly dysregulated gene among RNA-editing enzyme family members in liver cancer. Targeted inactivation of ADAR1 inhibited the in vitro tumorigenesis of liver cancer cells.

Docetaxel Enhances Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand-Mediated Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells via Epigenetic Gene Regulation by Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2.

Purpose: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising cancer therapeutic agent because of its tumor selectivity and its ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells while sparing most normal cells. We evaluated whether docetaxel enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and its mechanism.

Materials And Methods: LNCap-LN3, PC3, and DU 145 PCa cell lines were used to investigate the effects of TRAIL with docetaxel treatment (dosages, 1, 3, 5, and 10 nmol).

Treatment of dural tear with nerve root herniation after unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression using an epidural blood patch: a case report.

We present a case of a dural tear associated with nerve root herniation following unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression (UBED) that was successfully treated using a computed tomography-guided epidural blood patch. A 60-year-old man underwent UBED for radicular pain because of spinal stenosis at L4-5. A left partial hemilaminectomy and flavectomy were performed; however, the left dorsolateral side dura mater was torn during the procedure.