Pharmaceutical and Immunological Evaluation of Cholera Toxin A1 Subunit as an Adjuvant of Hepatitis B Vaccine Microneedles.

Purpose: For successful delivery of a solid vaccine formulation into the skin using microneedles, the solubility of an adjuvant should be considered because the decrease in the dissolution rate by the addition of adjuvant decreases the delivery efficiency of the vaccine.

Methods: In this study, cholera toxin A subunit 1 (CTA1) was examined as an adjuvant to Hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) microneedles because of its good water solubility, improved safety, and positive effect as shown in intramuscular administration of a liquid vaccine.

Results: All solid formulations with CTA 1 dissolved in in vivo mouse skin within 30 min, and they were successfully delivered into the skin.

An improved Raphanus sativus cv. WK10039 genome localizes centromeres, uncovers variation of DNA methylation and resolves arrangement of the ancestral Brassica genome blocks in radish chromosomes.

This study presents an improved genome of Raphanus sativus cv. WK10039 uncovering centromeres and differentially methylated regions of radish chromosomes. Comprehensive genome comparison of radish and diploid Brassica species of U's triangle reveals that R.

Short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic segmental left colectomy for splenic flexure colon cancer: comparison with propensity score matching.

Purpose: Splenic flexure colon cancer (SFCC) is a rare disease that accounts for 2%-8% of colorectal cancers, and the extent of surgery and resection is still debatable. There have also been few studies on the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic surgery for SFCC. The purpose of this study is to evaluate outcomes and prognoses of surgery for SFCC.

Double Cystic Artery Originating in a Right and a Segment IV Hepatic Artery: A Case Report.

Anatomical variation of the cystic artery (CA) is frequently observed. However, a CA originating in a segment IV hepatic artery (HA) has been rarely reported. We report double CA originating in a right segment IV HA detected during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

The Effects of Preoperative Pain Education on the Decision to Discharge Patients Following Single-Incision Laparoscopic Appendectomy.

Purpose: Few studies have analyzed the effects of preoperative pain education on the postoperative decision to discharge. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of pain education and management on the decision to discharge patients after single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA).

Methods: We analyzed 135 patients who had undergone SILA for acute appendicitis between March 2017 and April 2018 in a single medical center.

Analysis of the Educational Value of YouTube Laparoscopic Appendectomy Videos.

Purpose: To evaluate the educational value of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) videos on YouTube for surgical trainees.

Methods: The search term "Laparoscopic appendectomy" was used on YouTube. The top 100 videos sorted by the number of views were evaluated.

The Glasgow Prognostic Score is a significant predictor of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) treated with CHOP-based chemotherapy and comparable with PTCL prognostic scores.

The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) serves a prognostic role in several lymphomas. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether GPS predicts clinical outcomes and to compare the utility of four prognostic scores, including GPS, in patients diagnosed with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). We selected for this retrospective study 96 patients consecutively diagnosed with PTCL according to the World Health Organization classification from January 2002 to February 2013 and followed up in five different institutions.

Efficacy and safety of cisplatin and weekly docetaxel in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Background/aims: We investigated the efficacy and toxicity of a weekly schedule of docetaxel and cisplatin as a first-line treatment in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC).

Methods: In this study, 18 patients with previously diagnosed R/M HNSCC were treated with combination chemotherapy of weekly docetaxel 35 mg/m2 (day 1 and 8) and cisplatin 70 mg/m2 (day 1) as first-line chemotherapy, repeated every 3 weeks.

Results: Partial response and stable disease were observed in six patients (33.

Protective effects of TES trioleate, an inhibitor of phospholipase A2, on reactive oxygen species and UVA-induced cell damage.

2-[Tris(oleoyloxymethyl)methylamino]-1-ethane sulfonic acid (TES trioleate) is an inhibitor of phospholipase A (PLA2), which hydrolyzes cell membrane phospholipids to produce arachidonic acid (AA) and lysophospholipids (LysoPLs). Here, we investigated the protective effects of TES trioleate on cell damage caused by ultraviolet A (UVA) light and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pre-incubation with 250-1000μM TES trioleate resulted in concentration-dependent protection from UVA-induced damage in HaCaT cells.

Factors Influencing Clinicians' Choice of Adjuvant S-1 versus Capecitabine plus Oxaliplatin after Curative Gastrectomy in Patients with Gastric Cancer.

Two recent randomized, phase III trials in Asia (ACTS-GC and CLASSIC) documented the survival benefit of postoperative chemotherapy after D2 lymph node dissection in patients with gastric cancer. We sought to determine what factors influenced clinicians' choices of either S-1 or capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CAPOX) as adjuvant therapy after curative D2 gastrectomy. We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathologic factors and adjuvant treatments for 435 patients from nine centers in Korea who were treated with either S-1 or CAPOX adjuvant chemotherapy after undergoing curative D2 gastrectomy between January 2013 and July 2014.

Performance evaluation of Mindray CAL 8000(BC-6800 and SC-120) hematology analyzer and slidemaker/stainer.

Introduction: The Mindray CAL 8000 is a cellular analysis line that consists of the BC-6800, an automated hematology analyzer, and the SC-120, an automated slidemaker/stainer. We evaluated the performances of the BC-6800 and the SC-120.

Methods: Four hundred and eight normal and abnormal samples were analyzed.

A Korean multi-center, real-world, retrospective study of first-line pazopanib in unselected patients with metastatic renal clear-cell carcinoma.

Background: The efficacy and/or tolerability of pazopanib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have been found to differ in Western and Asian populations. This retrospective multicenter study analyzed the results of first-line pazopanib treatment in 93 consecutive patients with mRCC who were treated at the medical oncology departments of three tertiary cancer centers in Seoul, Korea.

Methods: The decision to administer pazopanib as first-line therapy was at the discretion of the treating physician in all patients with mRCC.

The successful accomplishment of nutritional and clinical outcomes via the implementation of a multidisciplinary nutrition support team in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Background: Nutritional support is critical for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A multidisciplinary nutritional support team (NST) that focuses on providing optimal and individualized nutrition care could be helpful. We conducted a thorough evaluation of clinical and nutritional outcomes in a tertiary NICU following the implementation of an NST.

The Prognostic Value of Serum Levels of Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein and High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Patients With Increased Levels of Amino-Terminal Pro-B Type Natriuretic Peptide.

Background: Amino-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a well-established prognostic factor in heart failure (HF). However, numerous causes may lead to elevations in NT-proBNP, and thus, an increased NT-proBNP level alone is not sufficient to predict outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of two acute response markers, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), in patients with an increased NT-proBNP level.

Screening PCR Versus Sanger Sequencing: Detection of CALR Mutations in Patients With Thrombocytosis.

Background: Mutations in calreticulin (CALR) have been reported to be key markers in the molecular diagnosis of myeloid proliferative neoplasms. In most previous reports, CALR mutations were analyzed by using Sanger sequencing. Here, we report a new, rapid, and convenient system for screening CALR mutations without sequencing.

Retrospective analysis of palliative chemotherapy for the patients with bladder adenocarcinoma: Korean Cancer Study Group Genitourinary and Gynecology Cancer Committee.

Background/aims: Because of rarity, role of chemotherapy of bladder adenocarcinoma are still unidentified. Therefore, we performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical features and chemotherapy outcomes of bladder adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Eligible patients for this retrospective analysis were initially diagnosed with bladder adenocarcinoma and presented with a clinically no other primary site of origin.

Intraocular lymphoma in Korea: the Consortium for Improving Survival of Lymphoma (CISL) study.

Background: Intraocular lymphoma (IOL) is a rare malignant lymphoma that most closely resembles a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and it is a subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). IOL is located inside the eye in the retina, uvea, and/or optic nerve. We retrospectively analyzed IOL patient data to identify treatment patterns and survival rates in Korea.

Sarcopenia and inflammation are independent predictors of survival in male patients newly diagnosed with small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Sarcopenia is suggested to be associated with cancer-related inflammation. We assessed the clinical outcome of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients according to sarcopenia and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).

Methods: A total of 117 male SCLC patients treated with first-line chemo- or chemoradiotherapy were assessed based on a retrospective chart review.

A Retrospective Analysis for Patients with HER2-Positive Gastric Cancer Who Were Treated with Trastuzumab-Based Chemotherapy: In the Perspectives of Ethnicity and Histology.

Purpose: While the Trastuzumab for Gastric Cancer (ToGA) trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab-based chemotherapy in HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer, the overall survival (OS) benefit was not found in Asian and diffuse-type cancer patients. The aim of the study is to investigate predictive markers for trastuzumab-based chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Data of patients with HER2-positive gastric cancer treated with trastuzumab-based chemotherapy were analyzed retrospectively.

Prognostic impact of concordant and discordant bone marrow involvement and cell-of-origin in Korean patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP.

Aims: Previous studies have suggested many prognostic factors in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), but the prognostic importance of cell-of-origin and discordant bone marrow involvement remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of bone marrow involvement histological subtype, cell-of-origin subtype and international prognostic index (IPI) scores in patients with DLBCL.

Methods: Patients who were newly diagnosed with DLBCL and treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP) were analysed.

A phase II trial of gefitinib monotherapy in pretreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer not harboring activating EGFR mutations: implications of sensitive EGFR mutation test.

Purpose: Efficacy of gefitinib therapy strongly depends on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, cumulative data from many clinical studies demonstrated that some patients with wild-type (WT) EGFR also responded to gefitinib with durable disease control rate (DCR). The aim of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of gefitinib in NSCLC patients with WT EGFR who failed previous chemotherapy.

Prevalence and clinical outcomes of young breast cancer (YBC) patients according to intrinsic breast cancer subtypes: Single institutional experience in Korea.

The purpose of our study was to investigate and identify comprehensively the clinicopathological features and long-term outcome of young breast cancer (YBC) according to intrinsic subtype. We analyzed clinical and pathological characteristics of 2844 women who were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 2000 to 2007 and the treatment outcomes by age at diagnosis. The median age of the patients was 46 years (range, 21-83 years), and we divided them into three age group: ≤35 years (Group 1), 36-50 years (Group 2), and >50 years (Group 3).