Vision impairment and food insecurity in the national health and aging trends study.

Introduction: Vision impairment (VI) may further exacerbate older adults' vulnerability to experiencing food insecurity and may be a unique and important target for policies addressing access to nutritional food. The purpose of this study is to determine the association of VI in older adults with food insecurity.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of round 11 (2021) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a nationally representative survey of U.

Surgical Approach for Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance-Related Ocular Copper Deposition.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present the surgical management of a patient with ocular copper deposition associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).

Methods: This is a case report of a 44-year-old man with MGUS who presented to us with bilateral diffuse deposition of copper in the cornea and lens.

Results: Despite initiating systemic therapy for MGUS, no corneal clearing was observed.

Assessing Sleep Concerns in Individuals With Acquired Brain Injury: The Feasibility of a Smartpad Sleep Tool.

Objective: The investigators examined the presence of disrupted sleep in acquired brain injury (ABI) and the utility of a mobile health program, MySleepScript, as an effective clinical tool to detect sleep disturbances.

Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study of MySleepScript, a customizable electronic battery of validated sleep questionnaires, was conducted. Participants were recruited at the Acquired Brain Injury Clinic at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center.

MOF-Based Membranes for Gas Separations.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent the largest known class of porous crystalline materials ever synthesized. Their narrow pore windows and nearly unlimited structural and chemical features have made these materials of significant interest for membrane-based gas separations. In this comprehensive review, we discuss opportunities and challenges related to the formation of pure MOF films and mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs).

Case series: Delayed diagnoses of Acanthamoeba keratitis.

Purpose: To describe two cases of keratitis in contact lens wearers misdiagnosed as keratitis.

Observations: Case 1 is a 54-year-old male that was misdiagnosed with keratitis who developed advanced keratitis. His treatment course was complex and involved both medical therapy and surgical intervention with poor resolution.

Impact of Implementing the Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology: A Single-institutional Experience With Emphasis on Diagnostic Yield of High-grade Urothelial Carcinoma and Low-grade Urothelial Neoplasm.

Background/aim: The Paris System (TPS) has recently been proposed as a method to standardize urinary cytology reporting. In this study, we evaluated the impact of implementing TPS compared to the traditional reporting system.

Patients And Methods: In total, 299 urine samples were reclassified according to TPS.

The Association between Frailty and Uncorrected Refractive Error in Older Adults.

: Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is the leading cause of impaired vision in older adults and has been associated with adverse health outcomes. Here, we investigate the association between URE and frailty in older adults.: This is a cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants ≥60 years (1999-2006 cycles).

Association Between Microvascular Retinal Signs and Age-Related Hearing Loss in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS).

Importance: Given that age-related hearing loss is highly prevalent and treatable, understanding its causes may have implications for disease prevention.

Objective: To investigate whether microvascular retinal signs are associated with age-related hearing loss attributable to a hypothesized underlying shared pathologic entity involving microvascular disease.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS) is a community-based prospective cohort study of 15 792 men and women aged 45 to 64 years at baseline.

Aging With Vision Loss: A Framework for Assessing the Impact of Visual Impairment on Older Adults.

There is limited research examining the impact of visual impairment (VI) on older adults while considering the complexities of aging, leaving gaps in our understanding of how health consequences of VI might be averted. We created a framework integrating concepts from disability, geriatrics, and ophthalmology that conceptualizes how VI challenges successful aging. Here, VI influences multiple functional domains, and increases the risk of negative health outcomes.

Near Vision Impairment and Frailty: Evidence of an Association.

Purpose: To examine associations between near vision impairment (NVI) and frailty.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Setting: Nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized United States civilians.

Visual Impairment and Frailty: Examining an Understudied Relationship.

Background: Older adults with visual impairments are at increased risk of negative health outcomes. Here, we investigate the association between visual impairment and frailty.

Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between visual impairment (distance visual acuity) and frailty (frailty phenotype criteria) were examined using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 1999-2002, ≥60 years) and the Women's Health and Aging Studies (WHAS III).

Outcomes of a Modified Trabeculectomy Closure Technique.

Precis: A modified closure for trabeculectomy in which the conjunctiva is incised posterior to the limbus and reapproximated using 2 nylon sutures, provided similar surgical outcomes to the standard trabeculectomy closure technique.

Purpose: To examine the surgical outcomes of a modified trabeculectomy closure technique in which the conjunctiva is incised posterior to the limbus and reapproximated using 2 sutures, burying the posterior conjunctiva under an anterior lip of conjunctiva.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective review included 73 eyes that underwent trabeculectomies between 2015 and 2017 at Johns Hopkins Hospital by a single surgeon.

Vitamin D for the Immune System in Cystic Fibrosis (DISC): a double-blind, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have increased risk of vitamin D deficiency owing to fat malabsorption and other factors. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased risk of pulmonary exacerbations of CF.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to examine the impact of a single high-dose bolus of vitamin D3 followed by maintenance treatment given to adults with CF during an acute pulmonary exacerbation on future recurrence of pulmonary exacerbations.

Prevalence of Retinal Signs and Association With Cognitive Status: The ARIC Neurocognitive Study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of retinal microvascular signs and associations between retinal signs and cognitive status.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of visit 5 (2011-2013) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort. Data analysis took place November 30, 2017, to May 1, 2018.

Memory and Confusion Complaints in Visually Impaired Older Adults: An Understudied Aspect of Well-Being.

To determine the prevalence of cognitive (memory or confusion) complaints in older adults with visual impairment (VI). We assessed the relationship between VI (corrected visual acuity [VA] < 20/40) and self-reported confusion or problems with memory among participants aged 60 years to 85 years in the 1999-2006 cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ( = 5,795). Prevalence estimates of cognitive complaints were calculated using Current Population Surveys.

Impacts of Message Framing and Social Distance in Health Campaign for Promoting Regular Physical Exercise.

We investigated effects of message framing and social distance on individuals' attitude toward health campaign and behavioral intention. Individuals who read a gain-framed message had better attitude toward the campaign and higher level of behavioral intention than those who read a loss-framed message. Perceived benefits mediated the relationship between message framing and behavioral intention.

Greater Physical Activity Is Associated with Slower Visual Field Loss in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine the association between physical activity levels and the rate of visual field (VF) loss in glaucoma.

Design: Longitudinal, observational study.

Participants: Older adults with suspect or manifest glaucoma.

Application of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Detection and Classification of Cognitive Decline.

Aim: This review aims to critically analyze the current literature on the relationship of optical coherence tomography (OCT) measures to cognition and dementia.

Background: Optical coherence tomography, a noninvasive method of imaging neuroretinal layers, and OCT angiography, a highly precise method of examining retinal vasculature, have widely been used to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of a variety of ocular diseases. There is now an increasing body of evidence relating the structural and microvascular changes of the retina to cognitive impairment.

High-Flux Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Membranes for Propylene/Propane Separation by Postsynthetic Linker Exchange.

While zeolitic imidazolate framework, ZIF-8, membranes show impressive propylene/propane separation, their throughput needs to be greatly improved for practical applications. A method is described that drastically reduces the effective thickness of ZIF-8 membranes, thereby substantially improving their propylene permeance (that is, flux). The new strategy is based on a controlled single-crystal to single-crystal linker exchange of 2-methylimidazole in ZIF-8 membrane grains with 2-imidazolecarboxaldehyde (ZIF-90 linker), thereby enlarging the effective aperture size of ZIF-8.

Designing Anti-Binge Drinking Prevention Messages: Message Framing vs. Evidence Type.

We investigated whether presenting anti-binge drinking health campaign messages in different message framing and evidence types influences college students' intention to avoid binge drinking, based on prospect theory (PT) and exemplification theory. A 2 (message framing: loss-framed message/gain-framed message) X 2 (evidence type: statistical/narrative) between-subjects factorial design with a control group was conducted with 156 college students. College students who were exposed to the loss-framed message condition exhibited a higher level of intention to avoid binge drinking in the near future than those who did not see any messages (the control group).

Designing Skin Cancer Prevention Messages: Should We Emphasize Gains or Losses? Message Framing, Risk Type, and Prior Experience.

Purpose: To test whether message framing (ie, gain vs. loss) and risk type (ie, health vs appearance risk) in skin cancer prevention messages interact with one's prior experience.

Design: Two experiments with a 2 (message framing: gain vs loss) × 2 (risk type: health vs appearance risk) factorial design were conducted.

College Students' Responses to Emotional Anti-Alcohol Abuse Media Messages: Should We Scare or Amuse Them?

This study examined college students' responses to emotional anti-alcohol abuse media messages (i.e., fear vs.

The Vitamin D for Enhancing the Immune System in Cystic Fibrosis (DISC) trial: Rationale and design of a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of high dose bolus administration of vitamin D3 during acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis.

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in children and adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Recent studies have found an association between vitamin D status and risk of pulmonary exacerbations in children and adults with CF. The ongoing Vitamin D for enhancing the Immune System in Cystic fibrosis (DISC) study is a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that will test the hypothesis of whether high dose vitamin D given as a single oral bolus of 250,000 IU to adults with CF during a pulmonary exacerbation followed by a maintenance dose of vitamin D will improve time to next pulmonary exacerbation and re-hospitalization, improve survival and lung function compared to placebo and reduce the rates of pulmonary exacerbation,.