Clinical characteristics of acute kidney injury in patients with scrub typhus--RIFLE criteria validation.

There are limited data available on the validity of the RIFLE classification for AKI in patients with scrub typhus. We investigated the incidence and clinical characteristics of scrub typhus associated AKI using the RIFLE criteria. From 2010 to 2012, 238 patients were diagnosed with scrub typhus.

Expression of glycine-rich protein genes, AtGRP5 and AtGRP23, induced by the cutin monomer 16-hydroxypalmitic acid in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Glycine-rich proteins (GRPs) belong to a large family of heterogenous proteins that are enriched in glycine residues. The expression of two GRP genes of Arabidopsis thaliana, AtGRP5 and AtGRP23, was induced by 16-hydroxypalmitic acid (HPA), a major component of cutin. The expression of AtGRP3, which encodes a GRP protein that is structurally different from AtGRP5 and AtGRP23, was not responsive to HPA application.

Cutin monomer induces expression of the rice OsLTP5 lipid transfer protein gene.

Treatment with the cutin monomer 16-hydroxypalmitic acid (HPA), a major component of cutin, elicited the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in rice leaves and induced the expression of the lipid transfer protein gene OsLTP5. Treatment with HPA also induced expression of OsLTP1, OsLTP2, and the pathogen-related PR-10 genes to a lesser extent. The OsLTP5 transcript was expressed prominently in stems and flowers, but was barely detectable in leaves.

Expression of rice acyl-CoA oxidase isoenzymes in response to wounding.

To elucidate the role of acyl-CoA oxidase (ACX; EC 1.3.3.