Polyamine-Enriched Exosomes from Drive Host Macrophage Polarization via Immunometabolism Reprogramming.

() promastigotes secrete exosomes that are crucial in host-pathogen interactions and intercellular communication by carrying parasite-specific molecules. Although the composition of cargos in exosomes is known, the effects of the unique metabolic repertoire on immunometabolism rewiring of macrophage polarization are poorly understood. Interestingly, we found the enrichment of polyamines (PAs) such as spermidine and putrescine in the -exosomes.

Recent advances in CAR T-cell engineering using synthetic biology: Paving the way for next-generation cancer treatment.

This book chapter highlights a comprehensive exploration of the transformative innovations in the field of cancer immunotherapy. CAR (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) T-cell therapy represents a groundbreaking approach to treat cancer by reprogramming a patient immune cells to recognize and destroy cancer cells. This chapter underscores the critical role of synthetic biology in enhancing the safety and effectiveness of CAR T-cell therapies.

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of tuzin protein as a vaccine candidate in -infected BALB/c mice.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is referred to as the most severe and fatal type of leishmaniasis basically caused by and . The most effective method for preventing the spread of the disease is vaccination. Till today, there is no promising licensed vaccination for human VL.

Febrifugine dihydrochloride as a new oral chemotherapeutic agent against visceral leishmaniasis infection.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the deadliest form of leishmaniasis without a safer treatment option. This study implies drug repurposing to find a novel antileishmanial compound, namely febrifugine dihydrochloride (FFG) targeting Leishmania antioxidant system. Starting with virtual screening revealed the high binding affinity and lead likeness of FFG against the trypanothione reductase (TR) enzyme of Leishmania donovani, followed by experimental validation.

COVID-19 Severity in Obesity: Leptin and Inflammatory Cytokine Interplay in the Link Between High Morbidity and Mortality.

Obesity is one of the foremost risk factors in coronavirus infection resulting in severe illness and mortality as the pandemic progresses. Obesity is a well-known predisposed chronic inflammatory condition. The dynamics of obesity and its impacts on immunity may change the disease severity of pneumonia, especially in acute respiratory distress syndrome, a primary cause of death from SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Iron superoxide dismutase contributes to miltefosine resistance in Leishmania donovani.

The emergence of drug-resistant Leishmania is the major challenge to management of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in areas in which this parasite is endemic. Miltefosine has been widely used against VL, but the emergence of resistant strains could impose a significant threat in the near future. The present study used high-throughput proteomics to determine whether proteins are differentially expressed in miltefosine-resistant (BHU875) and -sensitive (DD8) Leishmania donovani strains.