Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) depletion has been postulated as a contributor to the severity of COVID-19; however, no study has prospectively characterized NAD and its metabolites in relation to disease severity in patients with COVID-19. We measured NAD and its metabolites in 56 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and in two control groups without COVID-19: (1) 31 age- and sex-matched adults with comorbidities, and (2) 30 adults without comorbidities. Blood NAD concentrations in COVID-19 group were only slightly lower than in the control groups (p < 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis work aims to evaluate associations between self-reported sleep health and frailty in Botswana, a sub-Saharan Africa setting. Fifty persons living with HIV (PLWH) on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and fifty HIV seronegative control participants are enrolled in Botswana. Sleep quality is scored subjectively as "good" or "poor" based on self-report.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentifying and understanding the impact of differing exposures over the lifecourse necessitates contextualizing different levels of influence ranging from genetics, epigenetics, geography, and psychosocial networks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeroscience poses that core biological mechanisms of aging contribute to chronic diseases and disabilities in late life and that health span and longevity can be modulated by pharmacological and behavioral interventions. Despite strong evidence from studies in model organisms and great potentials for translation, most geriatricians remain skeptical that geroscience will help them in the day-by-day battle with the consequences of aging in their patients. We believe that a closer collaboration between gerontologists and geriatricians is the key to overcome this impasse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential senotherapeutic effect of statins may lead to prevention and reduction of frailty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Biol (Weinh)
September 2023
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
June 2023
Age-related changes in immune competency and inflammation play a role in the decline of physical function. In this review of the conference on Function-Promoting Therapies held in March 2022, we discuss the biology of aging and geroscience with an emphasis on decline in physical function and the role of age-related changes in immune competence and inflammation. More recent studies in skeletal muscle and aging highlighting a crosstalk between skeletal muscle, neuromuscular feedback, and immune cell subsets are also discussed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Age-related changes in immune cell composition and functionality are associated with multimorbidity and mortality. However, many centenarians delay the onset of aging-related disease suggesting the presence of elite immunity that remains highly functional at extreme old age.
Methods: To identify immune-specific patterns of aging and extreme human longevity, we analyzed novel single cell profiles from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a random sample of 7 centenarians (mean age 106) and publicly available single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets that included an additional 7 centenarians as well as 52 people at younger ages (20-89 years).
Lancet Healthy Longev
March 2022
Although people with HIV are living longer, as they age they remain disproportionately burdened with multimorbidity that is exacerbated in resource-poor settings. The geroscience hypothesis postulates that a discrete set of between five and ten hallmarks of biological ageing drive multimorbidity, but these processes have not been systematically examined in the context of people with HIV. We examine four major hallmarks of ageing (macromolecular damage, senescence, inflammation, and stem-cell dysfunction) as gerodrivers in the context of people with HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Biomarkers that provide insight into drivers of aging are needed for people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). The study objective was to determine if epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) markers are associated with physiologic frailty measured by the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index and predict all-cause mortality for PWH.
Methods: Epigenome-wide DNA methylation was profiled in VACS total white blood cell samples collected during 2005-2007 from 531 PWH to generate 6 established markers of EAA.
Poor compliance with medications is a growing concern in geriatric care and is increasingly more relevant among people living with HIV (PLWH) as they age. Our goal was to understand geriatric conditions associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) nonadherence in a Medicare population of older PLWH. We analyzed Medicare data from PLWH aged 50 years or older who were continuously enrolled in fee-for-service Medicare from January 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Effects of testosterone on integrated muscle protein metabolism and muscle mass during energy deficit are undetermined.
Objective: The objective was to determine the effects of testosterone on mixed-muscle protein synthesis (MPS), proteome-wide fractional synthesis rates (FSR), and skeletal muscle mass during energy deficit.
Design: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
August 2022
Background: Categorizing clinical risk amidst heterogeneous multimorbidity in older people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) may help prioritize and optimize health care engagements.
Methods: PLWH and their prevalent conditions in 8 health domains diagnosed before January 1, 2015 were identified using 2014-2016 Medicare claims and the Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse. Latent profile analysis identified 4 distinct clinical subgroups based on the likelihood of conditions occurring together [G1: healthy, G2: substance use (SU), G3: pulmonary (PULM), G4: cardiovascular conditions (CV)].