Salinity Stress Acclimation Strategies in sp. Revealed by Physiological, Morphological and Transcriptomic Approaches.

Climate changes may include variations in salinity concentrations at sea by changing ocean dynamics. These variations may be especially challenging for marine photosynthetic organisms, affecting their growth and distribution. spp.

Tick-borne encephalitis seroprevalence in northern Italy: a cross-sectional study on a randomly selected population.

Objectives: is under-recognized in Europe. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and spatial distribution of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus (TBEV) in areas close to endemic regions in Northern Italy.

Methods: A multicenter study was conducted on a random sample of the general population afferent to hospitals in Veneto, Lombardy, and Piedmont with a pre-determined sample size of 1500 participants.

Marine Microalgal Products with Activities against Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases.

Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and it is estimated that 17.9 million people die of it each year. The risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are attributable to an unhealthy and sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrition, stress, genetic predisposition, diabetes, obesity, and aging.

Lutein Production and Extraction from Microalgae: Recent Insights and Bioactive Potential.

Microalgae have been reported to be excellent producers of bioactive molecules. Lutein is a pigment reported to have various beneficial effects for humans, and especially for eye well-being. In the current review, we summarize various methods that have been developed to optimize its extraction and bioactivities reported for human health.

spp.: From Toxicity to Potential Biotechnological Benefits.

Many dinoflagellates of the genus are well known for being responsible for harmful algal blooms (HABs), producing potent toxins that cause damages to other marine organisms, aquaculture, fishery, tourism, as well as induce human intoxications and even death after consumption of contaminated shellfish or fish. In this review, we summarize potential bioprospecting associated to the genus , including which spp. produce metabolites with anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, as well as anti-Alzheimer applications.

MAGLIO study: epideMiological Analysis on invasive meninGococcaL disease in Italy: fOcus on hospitalization from 2015 to 2019.

This study analyzed hospital admissions for invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in epidemiological and economic terms in Italy from 2015 to 2019. The volume of acute admissions for meningococcal diagnosis was analyzed in the period from 2015 to 2019. IMD admissions were identified by ICD-9-CM diagnoses.

Invasive meningococcal disease epidemiology and vaccination strategies in four Southern European countries: a review of the available data.

Introduction: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a major health concern which can be prevented through vaccination. Conjugate vaccines against serogroups A, C, W, and Y and two protein-based vaccines against serogroup B are currently available in the European Union.

Areas Covered: We present epidemiologic data for Italy, Portugal, Greece, and Spain using publicly available reports from national reference laboratories and national or regional immunization programs (1999-2019), aiming to confirm risk groups, and describe time trends in overall incidence and serogroup distribution, as well as impact of immunization.

Microalgae from Cold Environments and Their Possible Biotechnological Applications.

Cold environments include deep ocean, alpine, and polar areas. Even if the cold conditions are harsh and extreme for certain habitats, various species have been adapted to survive in them. Microalgae are among the most abundant microbial communities which have adapted to live in low light, low temperature, and ice coverage conditions typical of cold environments by activating different stress-responsive strategies.

In Silico Methodologies to Improve Antioxidants' Characterization from Marine Organisms.

Marine organisms have been reported to be valuable sources of bioactive molecules that have found applications in different industrial fields. From organism sampling to the identification and bioactivity characterization of a specific compound, different steps are necessary, which are time- and cost-consuming. Thanks to the advent of the -omic era, numerous genome, metagenome, transcriptome, metatranscriptome, proteome and microbiome data have been reported and deposited in public databases.

Transcriptome Sequencing of the Diatom and In Silico Identification of Enzymes Potentially Involved in the Synthesis of Bioactive Molecules.

Microalgae produce a plethora of primary and secondary metabolites with possible applications in several market sectors, including cosmetics, human nutrition, aquaculture, biodiesel production and treatment/prevention of human diseases. Diatoms, in particular, are the most diversified microalgal group, many species of which are known to have anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetes, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Compounds responsible for these activities are often still unknown.

Prevalence of Pneumococcal Serotypes in Community-Acquired Pneumonia among Older Adults in Italy: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of mortality. Following the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in children, a decrease in the burden of the disease was reported. In parallel, an increase in non-vaccine serotypes was also noted.

Marine Natural Products with Activities against Prostate Cancer: Recent Discoveries.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, with over 52,000 new cases diagnosed every year. Diagnostics and early treatment are potentially hindered by variations in screening protocols, still largely reliant on serum levels of acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen, with tumour diagnosis and grading relying on histopathological examination. Current treatment interventions vary in terms of efficacy, cost and severity of side effects, and relapse can be aggressive and resistant to the current standard of care.

Marine Compounds for Melanoma Treatment and Prevention.

Melanoma is considered a multifactorial disease etiologically divided into melanomas related to sun exposure and those that are not, but also based on their mutational signatures, anatomic site, and epidemiology. The incidence of melanoma skin cancer has been increasing over the past decades with 132,000 cases occurring globally each year. Marine organisms have been shown to be an excellent source of natural compounds with possible bioactivities for human health applications.

Recent Discoveries on Marine Organism Immunomodulatory Activities.

Marine organisms have been shown to be a valuable source for biologically active compounds for the prevention and treatment of cancer, inflammation, immune system diseases, and other pathologies. The advantage of studying organisms collected in the marine environment lies in their great biodiversity and in the variety of chemical structures of marine natural products. Various studies have focused on marine organism compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications, for instance, as immunomodulators, to treat cancer and immune-mediated diseases.

YB-1 Oncoprotein Controls PI3K/Akt Pathway by Reducing Pten Protein Level.

YB-1 is a multifunctional protein overexpressed in many types of cancer. It is a crucial oncoprotein that regulates cancer cell progression and proliferation. Ubiquitously expressed in human cells, YB-1 protein functions are strictly dependent on its subcellular localization.

Burden of pneumococcal disease among adults in Southern Europe (Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Greece): a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim was to summarize pneumococcal disease burden data among adults in Southern Europe and the potential impact of vaccines on epidemiology. Of 4779 identified studies, 272 were selected. Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence was 15.

[Adapted physical activity: the role in secondary prevention of the osteoporosis].

An active lifestyle represents a significant factor in prevention of osteoporosis. Evidences on multifactorial etiology allowed to develop a plan for risk evaluation and for an integrated screening approach. Adapted physical activity plays a relevant role in secondary prevention, also when performed in swimming pools.

Factors associated with mortality in bacteremic patients with hematologic malignancies.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study to identify risk factors for mortality in a large cohort of hematologic patients with bacteremia. From 2000 through 2005, bacteremia was diagnosed in 217 patients with hematologic malignancies. The infections were caused only by Gram-positive organisms in 57.

Cardiorespiratory response to exercise in men and women with obstructive sleep apnea.

Background: OSA severity has been associated with self-reported lack of exercise. Most of the research has been done with men recruited from sleep clinics. There is limited data on the exercise performance of women with OSA.

[Health promotion through physical activity: territorial models and experiences].

Scientific evidences support the preventive role of physical activity in relation to different multifactorial pathologies. Health's promotion through the spreading of lifestyles that encourage movement, does not represent just an action in contrast with "sedentary life" risk-factor, but also a priority for "quality" of life, with relevant economical and social benefits. WHO indicates physical activity as one of the priorities for an effective prevention.