Improving the analgesic efficacy of intrathecal morphine with parecoxib after total abdominal hysterectomy.

Background: The addition of parecoxib to intrathecal morphine and bupivacaine may improve analgesia and reduce morphine's opioid-related side effects.

Methods: In this prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, total abdominal hysterectomy patients received either IV normal saline or parecoxib 40 mg before receiving intrathecal bupivacaine and morphine 0.2 mg.