Incidence of second primary malignancies in relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients in England.

Background: Treatments for relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) may be associated with an increased risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs). Currently available SPM incidence benchmarks are unreliable due to small sample sizes.

Methods: The Cancer Analysis System (CAS), a population-level cancer database in England, was used to identify patients with incident B-cell NHL diagnosed during 2013-2018 with evidence of r/r disease.

A systematic scoping review on the consequences of stress-related hyperglycaemia.

Background: Stress-related hyperglycaemia (SHG) is commonly seen in acutely ill patients and has been associated with poor outcomes in many studies performed in different acute care settings. We aimed to review the available evidence describing the associations between SHG and different outcomes in acutely ill patients admitted to an ICU. Study designs, populations, and outcome measures used in observational studies were analysed.

Potential paraneoplastic syndromes and selected autoimmune conditions in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Little is known about the occurrence and distribution of types of paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) in patients with lung cancer. Identification of autoimmune PNS is particularly important for discerning them from immune-related adverse events of novel immunotherapies. We estimated the occurrence of PNS among patients with lung cancer and compared it with that in the general population.

Understanding inconsistency in the results from observational pharmacoepidemiological studies: the case of antidepressant use and risk of hip/femur fractures.

Purpose: Results from observational studies on the same exposure-outcome association may be inconsistent because of variations in methodological factors, clinical factors or health care systems. We evaluated the consistency of results assessing the association between antidepressant use and the risk of hip/femur fractures in three European primary care databases using two different study designs.

Methods: Cohort and nested case control studies were conducted in three European primary care databases (Spanish BIFAP, Dutch Mondriaan and UK THIN) to assess the association between use of antidepressants and hip/femur fracture.

Exposure to benzodiazepines (anxiolytics, hypnotics and related drugs) in seven European electronic healthcare databases: a cross-national descriptive study from the PROTECT-EU Project.

Purpose: Studies on drug utilization usually do not allow direct cross-national comparisons because of differences in the respective applied methods. This study aimed to compare time trends in BZDs prescribing by applying a common protocol and analyses plan in seven European electronic healthcare databases.

Methods: Crude and standardized prevalence rates of drug prescribing from 2001-2009 were calculated in databases from Spain, United Kingdon (UK), The Netherlands, Germany and Denmark.

Hip/femur fractures associated with the use of benzodiazepines (anxiolytics, hypnotics and related drugs): a methodological approach to assess consistencies across databases from the PROTECT-EU project.

Background: Results from observational studies may be inconsistent because of variations in methodological and clinical factors that may be intrinsically related to the database (DB) where the study is performed.

Objectives: The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the impact of applying a common study protocol to study benzodiazepines (BZDs) (anxiolytics, hypnotics, and related drugs) and the risk of hip/femur fracture (HFF) across three European primary care DBs and to investigate any resulting discrepancies.

Methods: To measure the risk of HFF among adult users of BZDs during 2001-2009, three cohort and nested case control (NCC) studies were performed in Base de datos para la Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica en Atención Primaria (BIFAP) (Spain), Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) (UK), and Mondriaan (The Netherlands).

Multiple sclerosis and risk of venous thromboembolism: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients may be at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but evidence is limited.

Objectives: To examine long-term risk of VTE among MS patients.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study among 17,418 Danish MS patients and 87,090 comparison cohort members from the general population.

Risk of arterial cardiovascular diseases in patients with multiple sclerosis: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) than the general population, but data are limited.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study involving Danish citizens diagnosed with MS (n = 13,963) from 1977 to 2006 and an age- and sex-matched population cohort (n = 66,407) using data on MS, arterial CVD and comorbidity from the Danish National Registry of Patients. We calculated the risk of arterial CVD for all subjects and computed adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs).

Psoriasis and risk of incident cancer: an inception cohort study with a nested case-control analysis.

Psoriasis has been associated with lymphohematopoietic and solid cancers; however, reports have been inconsistent. Cancer incidence was compared between psoriasis and psoriasis-free patients, and the roles of psoriasis duration and treatment were explored in this observational study using the UK General Practice Research Database. Among 67,761 patients, 1,703 patients had incident cancer; of whom 54% had a history of psoriasis.

Prevalence of glucose metabolism abnormalities and cardiovascular co-morbidity in the US elderly adult population.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of glucose metabolism abnormalities, including diabetes, and its associated cardiovascular risk factors and co-morbidity in the US elderly population.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994) in adults aged 65 years and more. The 1997 American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the 1998 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were used to classify the subject's glucose metabolism status.