Influence of additional active ingredients on the effectiveness of non-alcoholic chlorhexidine mouthwashes: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Non-alcoholic chlorhexidine mouthwashes are equally effective and have fewer potential risks than hydroalcoholic solutions. Nowadays, other active ingredients are added to these mouthwashes in an attempt to improve their effectiveness and reduce side effects. Following an experimental gingivitis model, this study examined three non-alcoholic commercial mouthwashes having 0.

A proposed serotyping system for Flavobacterium psychrophilum.

Aims: To develop a common serological system for rapid and routine identification of the fish pathogen Flavobacterium psychrophilum.

Methods: Thirty-four isolates of Fl. psychrophilum from different fish species and different geographical areas were typed using a slide agglutination test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).