Evidence That Peripheral Leptin Resistance in Omental Adipose Tissue and Liver Correlates with MASLD in Humans.

Leptin regulates lipid metabolism, maximizing insulin sensitivity; however, peripheral leptin resistance is not fully understood, and its contribution to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is unclear. This study evaluated the contribution of the leptin axis to MASLD in humans. Forty-three participants, mostly female (86.

Association between the rs3812316 Single Nucleotide Variant of the Gene and Alpha-Linolenic Acid Intake with Triglycerides in Mexican Mestizo Women.

The carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcription factor to understand the gene−diet−nutrient relationship that leads to metabolic diseases. We aimed to analyze the association between the rs17145750 and rs3812316 SNVs (single nucleotide variants) of the MLXIPL gene with dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical variables in Mexican Mestizo subjects. This is a cross-sectional study of 587 individuals.

Expression of the receptor of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and membranal location in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in obesity and insulin resistance.

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the receptor of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), NF-kB, NRF2 gene expression, and RAGE cell distribution in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in subjects with obesity and IR compared with healthy subjects.

Materials And Methods: The mRNA expression levels of RAGE, NF-kB, NRF2, and GAPDH were determined in PBMC by qPCR in 20 obese (OB), 17 obese with insulin resistance (OB-IR), and 20 healthy subjects (HS), matched by age and sex. RAGE protein expression and its localization were determined by Western Blot and immunocytochemistry (ICC) analysis, total soluble RAGE (sRAGE) and MCP-1 plasma levels by ELISA.

Development of an effective and rapid qPCR for identifying human ChREBPα/β isoforms in hepatic and adipose tissues.

Most quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) detection methods use two types of chemistries to measure the expression levels of ChREBP isoforms, hydrolysis probes for ChREBPα and SYBR Green for ChREBPβ. Hydrolysis probes are not available to determine the ChREBPβ isoform. The aim of this study was to develop a qPCR assay based only on hydrolysis probes for both ChREBP isoforms.

Association of the PNPLA2, SCD1 and Leptin Expression with Fat Distribution in Liver and Adipose Tissue From Obese Subjects.

The expansion of adipose tissue is regulated by insulin and leptin through sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), up-regulating lipogenesis in tissues by Stearoylcoenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) enzyme, while adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) enzyme is key in lipolysis. The research objective was to evaluate the expression of Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Transcription Factor 1 (SREBF1), SCD1, Patatin Like Phospholipase Domain Containing 2 (PNPLA2), and leptin (LEP) genes in hepatic-adipose tissue, and related them with the increment and distribution of fat depots of individuals without insulin resistance. Thirty-eight subjects undergoing elective cholecystectomy with liver and adipose tissue biopsies (subcutaneous-omental) are included.

Association of -319 C/T and +49 A/G polymorphisms of CTLA-4 gene in patients with hepatitis C virus infection.

Introduction And Objective: Molecular changes in the CTLA-4 gene can modify the ability to control T lymphocyte proliferation, and promote the persistence or elimination of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). We aimed to investigate the frequency and association of -319 C/T and +49 A/G polymorphism in the CTLA-4 gene in patients infected with HCV.

Methods: The CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms (-319 C/T in the promoter region, and +49 A/G in exon 1) were analysed by T-ARMS-PCR in 420 individuals, including 205 chronic HCV infected patients and 215 healthy subjects.

Distribution of HBV genotypes F and H in Mexico and Central America.

The distribution of HBV genotypes is associated with populations of specific geographical regions of the world. We show data from the GenBank sequence database and medical reports, which indicate that HBV genotype H (HBV/H) is mainly distributed in Mexico, whereas HBV genotype F (HBV/F) is distributed in countries from Central America. The phylogenetic analysis and historical records suggest that HBV/H has been present in Mexico even before the arrival of the Spaniards.

Effect of Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 on anthropometric and biochemical variables in response to a moderate-fat diet.

Objective: To analyze the effect of the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP2) gene Ala54Thr polymorphism on anthropometric and biochemical variables in response to a moderate-fat diet in overweight or obese subjects.

Methods: One hundred nine subjects with a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2) were studied. Participants underwent a dietary intervention that consisted of 30% fat (saturated fat <7% of total calories), 15% protein, and 55% carbohydrates.

Distribution of three SNPs related to low bone mineral density in Amerindian groups and Mestizos from Mexico.

Objectives: Some Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of several candidate genes have been associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. As the genetic variability of such SNPs in Hispanic and Native American populations is scarce, we analyzed the three SNPs that have been related with bone mass disorders (Sp1, A163G, and BsmI) located in the genes of Type I Collagen (COL1A1), Osteoprotegerin (OPG), and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in Mexican Mestizos (people resulting from post-Columbian admixture) and five Amerindian populations.

Methods: We genotyped these three SNPs by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in 523 individuals from five Mexican Amerindian groups (Nahua, Maya, Purépecha, Tarahumara, and Huichol) and 227 western Mestizos (Jalisco state).

Occult hepatitis B in Mexican patients with HIV, an analysis using nested polymerase chain reaction.

Hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) with undetectable levels of HBsAg, has been named occult HBV infection and observed in immunosuppressed patients. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of occult HBV infection in patients with HIV from the West of México, using a combination of serological markers and nPCR. Thirty eight HIV/AIDS patients, 32 men (84.