Patterns of Use and Withdrawal Syndrome in Dual Cannabis and Tobacco Users (DuCATA_GAM-CAT): Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Approximately 1 in 6 cannabis users develop a cannabis use disorder (CUD) and the odds increase to 1 in 2 for daily users.

Objective: The Dual use of Cannabis and Tobacco Monitoreing through a Gamified Web app (DuCATA_GAM-CaT) project aims to identify cannabis-tobacco patterns of use and withdrawal symptoms among individuals with CUD who are attending substance abuse programs.

Methods: The project uses a mixed methods approach consisting of 3 studies.

Quitline nurses' experiences in providing telephone-based smoking cessation help to mental health patients: A mixed methods study.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Quitlines are known to be effective in helping people quit smoking, including those with mental health conditions. It is particularly important to address smoking in this population as the prevalence of smoking ranges from 40% to 75%. However, professionals working in quitlines often face barriers due to their limited training and resources to effectively support these smokers quit, especially if they are not mental health professionals.

Training mental health residents in tobacco and alcohol: Relationship with their clinical intervention.

The objective of this study is to describe how mental health professionals in training (residents) apply the brief intervention (5As) on the tobacco and alcohol consumption to their patients, and if this is related to the training received and/or their own consumption. This is a cross-sectional study in which a self-reported questionnaire was administered to first-year residents of mental health professionals in Catalonia (2016-2019) (psychiatrists, psychologists and nurses). We performed a descriptive analysis of the variables and we applied a chi-square test for the comparison of proportions.

Specific biomarker comparison in current smokers, e-cigarette users, and non-smokers.

Introduction: This study aims to address the existing gap in the literature, while adding evidence, by comparing tobacco-specific biomarkers (cotinine and nitrosamines: NNK, NNAL, NNN), and other biomarkers of e-cigarette use (humectants: glycerol, 1,2-PD, 1,3-PD) according to five study groups.

Methods: A pooling analysis including two different studies was conducted. In both analyses, we took saliva samples from smokers (n = 409) and non-smokers (n = 154), dual tobacco and e-cig users (n = 92), exclusive e-cig user with nicotine (n = 158), and exclusive e-cig users without nicotine (n = 38).

Variation in Nicotine Metabolization According to Biological Factors and Type of Nicotine Consumer.

This study aims to describe the nicotine metabolite ratio among tobacco smokers and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) users and nonusers. We analyzed pooled data from a longitudinal and a cross-sectional study of the adult population from the city of Barcelona. The final sample included information on 166 smokers, 164 e-cigarettes users with nicotine, 41 e-cigarette users without nicotine, 95 dual users (users of both products), and 508 nonusers.

Passive exposure to electronic cigarette aerosol in pregnancy: A case study of a family.

Background: Passive exposure to the aerosols of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has been little studied. We assessed this exposure in late pregnancy in a woman and her 3-year-old child, exposed through e-cigarette use by another household member.

Methods: This prospective longitudinal case study involved a family unit consisting of an e-cigarette user, a pregnant woman who delivered an infant during the study, and the couple's older 3-year-old son.

Determination of soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in saliva samples and its association with nicotine.

Introduction: The Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the main receptor of the SARS-CoV-2. There is contradictory evidence on how the exposure to nicotine may module the concentration of soluble ACE2 (sACE2). The aim of this study was to assess the association between nicotine and sACE2 concentrations in saliva samples.

Exposure to secondhand aerosol from electronic cigarettes at homes: A real-life study in four European countries.

Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use emits potentially hazardous compounds and deteriorates indoor air quality. Home is a place where e-cigarettes may frequently be used amid its increasing prohibition in public places. This study assessed the real-life scenario of bystanders' exposure to secondhand e-cigarette aerosol (SHA) at home.

Changes in the salivary cotinine cut-offs to discriminate smokers and non-smokers before and after Spanish smoke-free legislation.

Introduction: High levels of cotinine in non-smokers indicate passive exposure to tobacco smoke. This study aims to evaluate variations in salivary cotinine cut-offs to discriminate smokers and non-smokers before and after the implementation of smoke-free legislation (Law 28/2005 and Law 42/2010) in a sample of the adult population of Barcelona, Spain.

Methods: This longitudinal study analyzes salivary cotinine samples and self-reported information from a representative sample (n = 676) of the adult population from Barcelona before and after the approval of smoke-free legislation.

Measuring cigarette dependence: A comparison of two scales in two different groups of smokers.

Introduction: The Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) and the Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS) are usually used to assess cigarette dependence in clinical- and population-based studies. Our objective was to compare these two scales within groups of smokers from both contexts.

Methods: The study was observational with smokers from a representative sample of the adult general population (n=188) and smokers attending a smoking cessation clinic in Barcelona, Spain (n=759).

[Current use of electronic cigarettes among never smoker high school students].

Objective: To test whether electronic cigarettes use among secondary school students in Spain is associated with initiating nicotine use.

Method: Secondary analysis of the ESTUDES 2019 survey, a cross-sectional study conducted on a representative sample of students aged 14-18 years and selected students who had never smoked (n=16,705). We computed the prevalence and estimated the factors associated with current electronic cigarettes use (at least once in the month before the interview), with and without nicotine.

Acceptability and participation predictors for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial to test a smoking cessation intervention after discharge from mental health wards.

Background And Aim: Hospitalization is an ideal time to promote smoking cessation, but interventions are limited for supporting cessation maintenance after discharge. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of participating in a trial that tested the efficacy of an intensive telephone-based intervention for smokers after discharge.

Methods: Adult smokers admitted to mental health wards of six hospitals were invited to participate in the trial.

Association between biomarkers of tobacco consumption and lung cancer risk among daily smokers.

Background: Biomarkers of tobacco consumption may play a role in the lung cancer risk assessment. However, the role of salivary biomarkers has not been well studied. The aim of this study is to assess the use of salivary biomarkers of tobacco consumption as lung cancer screening criterion.

Environmental and individual exposure to secondhand aerosol of electronic cigarettes in confined spaces: Results from the TackSHS Project.

Secondhand electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) aerosol (SHA) might impair indoor air quality and expose bystanders. This study aims to investigate exposure to SHA in controlled conditions of enclosed settings simulating real-world scenario. An experiment was performed in a car and in a room, in which SHA was generated during a 30-minute ad libitum use of an e-cigarette.

The right to smoke and the right to smoke-free surroundings: international comparison of smoke-free psychiatric clinic implementation experiences.

Background: In Scandinavia, people with a severe mental disorder have a reduced life expectancy of 15-20 years compared with the general public. Smoking is a major contributor, and smoke-free policies are increasingly adopted in psychiatric clinics around the world. We compared potential facilitators and barriers among staff and management, for the implementation of smoke-free psychiatric clinics.

Smoking cessation interventions in substance use disorders treatment centers of Catalonia: The abandoned addiction.

Substance use disorders (SUD) treatment centers are an optimal setting for delivering smoking cessation interventions (SCI). This study aimed to examine the adoption of SCI in SUD treatment centers in Catalonia (Spain) as well as to assess their managers' views on the appropriateness and feasibility of providing SCI. Managers directly in charge of SUD treatment centers (n = 57) answered a 30-item on-line questionnaire.

Third-hand exposure at homes: Assessment using salivary cotinine.

Background/objectives: While exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a well-established problem, exposure to third-hand smoke (THS) is scanty known and needs to be studied. The objective of this work is to characterize salivary cotinine concentrations among people who self-reported exposure to SHS and THS at home.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of a representative sample (n = 736) of the adult population (≥16 years) from the city of Barcelona carried out in 2013-2014.

Patient perceptions of tobacco control after smoke-free hospital grounds legislation: Multi-center cross-sectional study.

Objective: To examine patient perceptions of the role of health care providers in tobacco control and tobacco-related services they should provide after the introduction of national smoke-free hospital grounds legislation in Spain.

Design: Multi-center cross-sectional study.

Setting: Thirteen hospitals in Barcelona province in 2014-2015.

Multimodal treatment for smoking cessation with varenicline in alcoholic, methadone-maintained, and psychotic patients: A one-year follow-up.

Introduction: Numerous studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation in smokers in the general population and, to a lesser extent, among the psychiatric population. However, few studies have evaluated varenicline in patients with other addictions. The present study was conducted to assess outcomes of a multimodal treatment for smoking cessation intervention with varenicline in a sample of alcohol and substance use disorders and patients with psychotic disorders.

[Support to smoking regulation in private vehicles and public outdoor spaces].

Objective: To know the support of tobacco regulation is a very important issue to advance in the tobacco control policies and reduce the passive exposure to tobacco. The aim of this study was to describe the attitudes towards forbidding smoking in private vehicles and public outdoor spaces.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of a representative sample (n=736) of the adult population (24+ years old) from Barcelona, Spain in 2013-2014.

Impact of an Online Training Program in Smoking Cessation Interventions in Hospitals.

Purpose: To assess changes in the self-reported performance of smoking cessation interventions according to the 5A's model (Ask; Advise; Assess; Assist; and Arrange follow-up) among clinicians; and to identify the main barriers and facilitators in smoking cessation implementation before and after an online smoking cessation training program.

Design: Pre-post evaluation.

Methods: We assessed self-reported smoking cessation interventions in the implementation of the 5A's model among clinicians working in Catalan hospitals (Spain).

Comparison of TSNAs concentration in saliva according to type of tobacco smoked.

Objective: To compare tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) measured in saliva according to different types of tobacco smoked in a sample of smokers of the city of Barcelona (Spain).

Methods: We used data from a cross-sectional study of a sample of the adult smoking population of Barcelona, Spain in 2013-2014 (n = 165). We classified smokers in five groups according to the type of tobacco smoked: a) manufactured cigarettes only, b) roll-your-own (RYO) cigarettes only, c) dual smokers (both manufactured and RYO cigarettes), d) manufactured plus other types of tobacco products different from RYO and e) other types of tobacco products different from manufactured and RYO cigarettes.

Effectiveness of a telephone-based intervention for smoking cessation in patients with severe mental disorders: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Up to 75% of inpatients with mental disorders smoke, and their life expectancy is decreased by up to 25 years compared to the general population. Hospitalized patients without monitoring after discharge quickly return to prehospitalization levels of tobacco use. The aim of the 061 QuitMental study is to assess the effectiveness of a multicomponent and motivational telephone-based intervention to stop smoking through a quitline addressed to smokers discharged from mental health hospital wards.