Evaluation of Ki-67 expression and large cell content as prognostic markers in MZL: a multicenter cohort study.

Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) can have varied presentations and pathologic features, including high Ki-67 expression ( > 20%) as well as increased numbers of large B cells (LC). However, there are limited data available demonstrating the prognostic significance of these variables in patients with MZL. In this multi-institutional retrospective cohort study of patients with MZL treated at 10 centers, we evaluated the association between the presence of Ki-67 expression and increased LCs on survival and risk of histologic transformation (HT).

Prevalence and Prognostication of CD5+ Mature T-Cell Lymphomas.

T-cell lymphomas (TCLs) are a group of heterogenous cancers with poor rates and duration of response. There remains a great challenge in risk stratification of these cancers. Cluster of differentiation (CD) 5 has shown prognostic implication in many subtypes of B-cell lymphoma; however, its role in TCLs is not known.

2024 Update: Advances in the risk stratification and management of large B-cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease with varying clinical outcomes. Our understanding of its molecular makeup continues to improve risk stratification, and artificial-intelligence and ctDNA-based analyses have the potential to enhance risk assessment and disease monitoring. R-CHOP and Pola-R-CHP are used in the frontline setting; chimeric antigen receptor therapy (CART) is now the new standard-of-care for most with primary refractory disease; both CART and autologous stem cell transplantation are utilized in the relapsed and refractory setting.

Impact of detectable monoclonal protein at diagnosis on outcomes in marginal zone lymphoma: a multicenter cohort study.

Given the paucity of data surrounding the prognostic relevance of monoclonal paraprotein (M-protein) in marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), we sought to evaluate the impact of detecting M-protein at diagnosis on outcomes in patients with MZL in a large retrospective cohort. The study included 547 patients receiving first-line therapy for MZL. M-protein was detectable at diagnosis in 173 (32%) patients.

Impact of early relapse within 24 months after first-line systemic therapy (POD24) on outcomes in patients with marginal zone lymphoma: A US multisite study.

Progression of disease within 24 months (POD24) from diagnosis in marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) was shown to portend poor outcomes in prior studies. However, many patients with MZL do not require immediate therapy, and the time from diagnosis-to-treatment interval can be highly variable with no universal criteria to initiate systemic therapy. Hence, we sought to evaluate the prognostic relevance of early relapse or progression within 24 months from systemic therapy initiation in a large US cohort.

A Novel Paradigm Between Leukocytosis, G-CSF Secretion, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, and Prognosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Leukocytosis is a common feature of malignancies. While controversial, there appears to be an association between the degree of tumor-related leukocytosis and prognosis. In this paper, we provide evidence supporting an untapped clinical paradigm linking G-CSF secretion to the induction of leukocytosis and expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, providing an explanation for the association between leukocytosis, elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Cutaneous Ewing Sarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma of the Bone: Distinct Diseases.

Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive mesenchymal malignancy. It is the second most common bone tumor among children and adolescents and less commonly presents as a soft tissue or primary skin lesion. Cutaneous Ewing sarcoma has only been reported in case reports and case series.

Do preclinical studies suggest that CD99 is a potential therapeutic target in acute myeloid leukemia and the myelodysplastic syndromes?

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal hematopoietic neoplasms that arise from leukemia stem cells (LSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), respectively. Standard chemotherapy can efficiently eliminate the bulk of neoplastic cells, however, LSCs and MDS HSCs are relatively resistant to these therapies and can reinitiate and maintain disease. CD99 is a 32-kDa transmembrane polypeptide that is highly expressed on disease stem cells in the vast majority of AML and MDS.

CD99 is a therapeutic target on disease stem cells in myeloid malignancies.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are initiated and sustained by self-renewing malignant stem cells; thus, eradication of AML and MDS stem cells is required for cure. We identified CD99 as a cell surface protein frequently overexpressed on AML and MDS stem cells. Expression of CD99 allows for prospective separation of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) from functionally normal hematopoietic stem cells in AML, and high CD99 expression on AML blasts enriches for functional LSCs as demonstrated by limiting dilution xenotransplant studies.

Pathogenic microRNA's in myeloid malignancies.

Recent studies have significantly improved our understanding of the role microRNAs (miRNAs) play in regulating normal hematopoiesis. miRNAs are critical for maintaining hematopoietic stem cell function and the development of mature progeny. Thus, perhaps it is not surprising that miRNAs serve as oncogenes and tumor suppressors in hematologic malignancies arising from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, such as the myeloid disorders.

Survivorship in adolescents and young adults.

In the USA, approximately 26,000 adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15-29 years are diagnosed with cancer every year. The cure rate among this population exceeds 80%, resulting in a growing number of AYA cancer survivors. AYA cancer survivors suffer from a wide range of long-term treatment-related toxicities that adversely affect quality of life and increase the risk of premature death.

A high-resolution gene expression map of the Arabidopsis shoot meristem stem cell niche.

The shoot apical meristem (SAM) acts as a reservoir for stem cells. The central zone (CZ) harbors stem cells. The stem cell progenitors differentiate in the adjacent peripheral zone and in the rib meristem located just beneath the CZ.

WUSCHEL mediates stem cell homeostasis by regulating stem cell number and patterns of cell division and differentiation of stem cell progenitors.

Plant stem cell populations, unlike their animal counterparts, do not use cell migration and oriented cell divisions to maintain their size, and therefore require a precise coordination between self-renewing divisions of stem cells, and rates of cell division and differentiation among stem cell progenitors. Shoot apical meristems (SAMs) of higher plants harbor a set of stem cells within the central zone (CZ) that divide infrequently. Stem cell daughters that are displaced towards the surrounding peripheral zone (PZ) divide at a faster rate and enter into differentiation at specific locations to form leaves or flowers.