Soluble MIC-A, IPI, and response to treatment strongly predict survival in patients with germinal center diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Unlabelled: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent lymphoma. MIC-A and MIC-B are the natural ligands for NKG2D, a receptor expressed in NK cells. MIC-A soluble isoforms (sMICA) have been described in different malignancies.

Lymphocyte subsets and soluble forms of MIC-A and MIC-B are prognostic factors in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients.

MIC-A and MIC-B are the natural ligands for NKG2D, an activator receptor expressed in NK cells. Soluble isoforms of MIC-A and MIC-B (sMICA, sMICB) have been identified in different malignancies, affecting NK cells' cytotoxicity. The study was performed to determine the levels of sMICA, sMICB, the expression of MIC-A, and MIC-B on tumor tissues, and lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 + , CD8 + , NK, NKT, Tγδ cells, B cells, monocytes) in 94 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 72 healthy donors.

Significant increase in MIC-A and MIC-B and soluble MIC-A and MIC-B in canine lymphomas.

Non-Hodkin's lymphoma (NHL) is the most frequent hematologic malignancy in humans and dogs. NKG2D is one of the most critical receptors on NK cells, recognizing their natural ligands on malignant cells such as A and B major histocompatibility complex-related proteins (MIC-A and MIC-B). Soluble molecules (sMIC-A and sMIC-B) can interfere with immune synapsis between NK cells and tumor cells, impeding NK cytotoxicity.

[Impact of hyperglycemia on the prognosis of patients hospitalized for severe pneumonia in COVID-19].

Background: Adequate glycemic control improves the prognosis of patients hospitalized for pneumonia associated with severe COVID-19.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of hyperglycemia (HG) on the prognosis of patients hospitalized for severe pneumonia associated with COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients.

Material And Methods: Prospective cohort study.

Development and Evaluation of a Set of Spike and Receptor Binding Domain-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for SARS-CoV-2 Serological Testing.

The implementation and validation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG serological assays are reported in this paper. S1 and RBD proteins were used to coat ELISA plates, and several secondary antibodies served as reporters. The assays were initially validated with 50 RT-PCR positive COVID-19 sera, which showed high IgG titers of mainly IgG1 isotype, followed by IgG3.

Poor Survival in COVID-19 Associated with Lymphopenia and Higher Neutrophile-Lymphocyte Ratio.

Background: Immune cell counts in blood in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may be useful prognostic biomarkers of disease severity, mortality, and response to treatment.

Objectives: To analyze sub-populations of lymphocytes at hospital admission in survivors and deceased from severe pneumonia due to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of healthcare workers confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 in convalescents (control group) and healthy controls (HC) diagnosed with severe COVID-19.

Clinical relevance of NKT cells and soluble MIC-A in Hodgkin lymphoma.

Previous studies demonstrated that the majority of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients achieve response after treatment, while 5% become refractory. Studies analyzing the role of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood are limited. This investigation sought to evaluate peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and soluble MHC class I chain-related proteins A and B (sMIC-A/B) and their correlation with survival in patients with newly diagnosed HL.

Important decrease in invariant natural killer T, CD4+ regulatory T cells, CD8+ regulatory T cells, gamma-delta T cells, and CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV-negative patients with hemophilia.

Hereditary hemophilias are X-linked inherited bleeding disorders defined as deficiencies of the coagulation factors VIII or IX. They are characterized by easy to provoke or spontaneous bleeding. HIV infection in hemophilic patients is a risk factor for the reduction of CD4+ T cells.

FLT3-ITD and CD135 Over-Expression are Frequent Findings of Poor Survival in Adult Patients with Acute Leukemias.

Background: Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) expression and mutation have been considered a poor prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). FLT3-ITD mutation is present in 30% of adult patients with AML and 2-5% in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The impact of these mutations on the prognosis of ALL patients, has not yet been established.

Pathophysiology of Alloimmunization.

Introduction: Alloimmunization is caused by exposure to erythrocytes from a donor that expresses blood group antigens other than those of the recipient and is related to processes that alter the balance of the immune system. Knowing the pathophysiology of alloimmunization process is essential to understand clinical complications associated with this process.

Patients And Methods: From October 2016 to April 2017, irregular antibody screening was performed in 1,434 polytransfused (compatible with the ABO and D system) patients by means of agglutination techniques using erythrocytes of a known phenotype of 44 patients with a positive alloantibody screening.

γδ T Cells Number, CD200, and Flt3 Expression Is Associated with Higher Progression Free Survival in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Tumor immunoedition involves alterations in cells of immune system, which may play an important role in the immunosurveillance of patients with cancer diseases.

Aim Of The Study: To determine the association between the number of immune cells and the expression of surface markers in leukemic cells of patients with de novo CML who achieved molecular response.

Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted in 31 patients with de novo CML.

Post-treatment improvement of NK cell numbers predicts better survival in myeloma patients treated with thalidomide-based regimens.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease characterized by antitumoral immune dysfunction. The objective of the present study was to determine lymphocyte subsets (B, T, NK, NKT, iNKT, dendritic cells, and regulatory T cells) in 68 newly diagnosed patients and 113 healthy donors. Lymphocyte subsets were studied in the same patients 6 months after treatment.

Description of CD8 Regulatory T Lymphocytes and Their Specific Intervention in Graft-versus-Host and Infectious Diseases, Autoimmunity, and Cancer.

Gershon and Kondo described CD8 Treg lymphocytes as the first ones with regulating activity due to their tolerance ability to foreign antigens and their capacity to inhibit the proliferation of other lymphocytes. Regardless, CD8 Treg lymphocytes have not been fully described-unlike CD4 Treg lymphocytes-because of their low numbers in blood and the lack of specific and accurate population markers. Still, these lymphocytes have been studied for the past 30 years, even after finding difficulties during investigations.

Prognostic Value of CD95, Active Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 Expression in Adult Patients with De Novo Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is an aggressive malignant disease with high mortality rates in adults.

Aim Of The Study: The expression levels of CD95, active caspase-3, and Bcl-2 were determined in 111 patients with de novo acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

Methods: The immunophenotyped ok leukemia and the expression of CD95, active caspase-3, and Bcl-2, were determined by flow cytometry.

Cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis are related to c-Kit activation in leukaemic lymphoblasts.

Unlabelled: Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity may contribute to carcinogenesis. The c-Kit receptor, a member of the RTK family, is expressed in immature haematopoietic system cells. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) presents incompletely differentiated lymphoblasts, and consequently, c-Kit expression can be detected in these cells.

Role of CD8 Regulatory T Cells versus Tc1 and Tc17 Cells in the Development of Human Graft-versus-Host Disease.

CD8 T cells that secrete proinflammatory cytokines play a central role in exacerbation of inflammation; however, a new subpopulation of CD8 regulatory T cells has recently been characterized. This study analyzes the prominent role of these different subpopulations in the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Samples from 8 healthy donors mobilized with Filgrastim® (G-CSF) and 18 patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were evaluated by flow cytometry.

Overexpression of CD158 and NKG2A Inhibitory Receptors and Underexpression of NKG2D and NKp46 Activating Receptors on NK Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background And Aims: Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune system cells that are actively involved in immune-surveillance of tumor cells. Recognition of tumors by NK cells occurred via natural cytotoxicity receptors and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors. Some ligands of the activating receptors seem to be present on malignant cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Maternal obesity associated with increase in natural killer T cells and CD8+ regulatory T cells in cord blood units.

Background: One of the major limitations of umbilical cord blood (UCB) as hematopoietic stem cell source is its restricted cell number. In mothers who are candidates for stem cell donation, there are variables that affect the quantity and quality of UCB units. The aim of this study was to determine if obstetric, maternal, and fetal factors modify the number of lymphocyte subsets in UCB units.

[CD200 protein, bad prognostic in patients with multiple myeloma].

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a monoclonal gammopathy characterized by abnormal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. The median overall survival rate has changed from 2-3 to 5-6 or more years with the introduction of novel agents. Recently CD200 protein has been described as an immunosuppressive protein that confers a poor prognostic factor in several neoplastic diseases, including MM.

Undifferentiated immunophenotypes and not expression of BCR-ABL can be associated in adult Mestizo Mexican patients with ALL.

Introduction: The BCR-ABL t(9;22)(q34;q11) translocation has been identified as a risk factor in de novo acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but there are other factors that may influence survival in patients not expressing this translocation.

Objective: To associate expression and non-expression of BCR-ABL with immunophenotype and other clinical features in adult patients with ALL from a Mexican mestizo population. MATERIAL AND METHODS; Peripheral blood samples from 35 adult patients with de novo ALL were used to detect BCR-ABL by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as well as immunophenotype by flow cytometry.

Serum calcium is an independent prognostic factor of overall survival in Mexican patients with multiple myeloma.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of different prognostic factors that has been suggested to be useful in predicting the survival of patients with multiple myeloma (MM).

Materials And Methods: A longitudinal prospective study was conducted on 24 adult Mexican patients diagnosed with primary MM. The levels of expression of CD38, CD138 and cyclin D1 were analyzed in plasma cells (PCs) from patients and mononuclear cells from healthy donors.

CD133+CD34+ and CD133+CD38+ blood progenitor cells as predictors of platelet engraftment in patients undergoing autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

Background: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) have been characterized by CD34+ expression and an adequate dose of CD34+ cells is associated with a complete engraftment. CD133 is a more specific marker of HSC.

Materials And Methods: We studied the relationship between graft content of CD34+, CD133+, and CD38+ cells and trilineage engraftment after autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with different hematological disorders.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor produces a decrease in IFNgamma and increase in IL-4 when administrated to healthy donors.

Hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT) is the leading curative therapy for a variety of hematological and hereditary diseases; however, graft versus host disease (GVHD), an immunologic phenomenon that is favored by Th1 cytokines and cytotoxic cells from donors, is present frequently and is one of the most important causes of transplant related mortality. Peripheral blood HSCT is the preferred source of stem cells in almost 100% of the cases of autologous HSCT and in 70% of allogeneic transplants. The best mobilizing agent to get the stem cells out from the bone marrow is the Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF).

Role of CD4+CD25+highFoxp3+CD62L+ regulatory T cells and invariant NKT cells in human allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the treatment of choice for some hematological diseases; however, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is still one of the most important and deleterious complications. Regulatory T cells and iNKT cells can decrease the incidence and severity of GVHD, while preserving the graft-versus-tumor response. In order to analyze the relationship between the transfused dose of these cells, the presence of GVHD and survival, 15 normal donors and 15 patients with hematological diseases who underwent allogeneic HSCT from HLA-identical siblings were studied.