Perception of pregnant individuals, health providers and decision makers on interventions to cease substance consumption during pregnancy: a qualitative study.

Background: Despite multiple recommendations and strategies implemented at a national and international level, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and cannabis use during pregnancy remains high in most countries. The objective of this study was to examine key stakeholders' perception of the treatment interventions adopted in Spain, to identify political, organizational and personal factors associated with successful implementation, and to propose strategies for improvement.

Methods: A qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was conducted in 2022.

Effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions among pregnant women: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To carry out a systematic review of systematic reviews with an update of the existing evidence relating to a broad range of smoking cessation interventions, including psycho-social, digital and pharmacologic interventions, for pregnant women.

Data-sources: Search was conducted in March 2022 in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane in two stages: 1) a search of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, published from January 2012 through January 2022; 2) an update of those that fulfilled eligibility criteria reproducing the primary search strategy.

Study Eligibility Criteria: We selected randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effectiveness of pharmacological, digital, and psychosocial interventions in aged 18 years and over who were daily smokers, and compared these with routine care, less intense interventions or placebo.

[Considerations for the design and implementation of interventions for the cessation of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use in pregnancy: A qualitative study].

Objective: To explore the opinion of different key stakeholders regarding the requirements that tobacco, alcohol and/or cannabis cessation interventions should meet to be implemented and to be acceptable and useful during pregnancy.

Design: A qualitative study with phenomenological approach. SITE: The study was conducted in Spain in 2022.

Changes in smoking cessation in Spain, 1987-2020.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to estimate and to describe the smoking cessation changes in Spain from 1987 to 2020, according to the main sociodemographic characteristics.

Material And Method: Analysis of the historical series of the Spanish National Health Survey and the European Health Survey in Spain. Quit rate (QR) was defined as the number of former smokers among the total number of people who are smokers or have smoked at some time in their life.

Rawl's questionnaire spanish validation for colorectal cancer screening with faecal occult blood testing.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer 5-years-survival is 57%, partway due to a low rate of participation in screening programmes. Instruments analyzing causes of low adherence are needed.

Objective: To evaluate the validity and internal consistency of the Spanish version of Rawl's Questionnaire for the screening of colorectal cancer by faecal occult blood testing.

Tobacco consumption and premenstrual syndrome: A case-control study.

Objective: To assess whether tobacco smoking is associated with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and its most severe form, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD).

Design: Case-control study with incident cases using the Spanish public healthcare system.

Setting: 3 major public hospitals and one family counseling and planning center.

Prevalence and caries-related risk factors in schoolchildren of 12- and 15-year-old: a cross-sectional study.

Background: To assess the prevalence and severity of caries in 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren, and to analyse the related risk factors.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on a random sample of 1843 schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 from Galicia (northwest of Spain). Self-administered questionnaire and dental clinical examination were performed to obtain information about oral health habits, dental caries and oral hygiene.

[Alcohol outlet density and alcohol consumption in Galician youth].

Objective: To assess the influence that alcohol outlet density, off- and on-alcohol premises, and alcohol consumption wield on the consumption patterns of young pre-university students in Galicia (Spain).

Method: A cross-sectional analysis of a cohort of students of the University of Santiago de Compostela (Compostela Cohort 2016) was carried out. Consumption prevalence were calculated for each of the municipalities from the first-cycle students' home residence during the year prior to admission.

Social network, presence of cardiovascular events and mortality in hypertensive patients.

The aim of this study was to ascertain the relationship between social network and the appearance of mortality (cardiovascular events (CVEs)) in patients with arterial hypertension (AHT). This is a cohort study of 236 patients with a 9-year follow-up. Measurements included age, sex, blood pressure (BP), diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, marital status, social network, social support, stage of family life cycle (FLC), mortality and CVEs.

Active or passive exposure to tobacco smoking and allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatitis, and food allergy in adults and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatitis, and food allergy are extremely common diseases, especially among children, and are frequently associated to each other and to asthma. Smoking is a potential risk factor for these conditions, but so far, results from individual studies have been conflicting. The objective of this study was to examine the evidence for an association between active smoking (AS) or passive exposure to secondhand smoke and allergic conditions.

Mortality due to haematological cancer in cities close to petroleum refineries in Spain.

Controversy exists as to whether working or living in the vicinity of a petroleum refinery (RF) increases the risk of haematological cancer (HC). The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register obliges petroleum refineries to notify their emissions of toxic substances which include carcinogenic substances. Our objective is to determine if living in the proximity of an RF is associated with a greater risk of mortality due to HC in the census tracts (CTs) of the Spanish cities of Bilbao, Cartagena, Castellón, La Coruña, Huelva, and Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

Respiratory and mental health effects of wildfires: an ecological study in Galician municipalities (north-west Spain).

Background: During the summer of 2006, a wave of wildfires struck Galicia (north-west Spain), giving rise to a disaster situation in which a great deal of the territory was destroyed. Unlike other occasions, the wildfires in this case also threatened farms, houses and even human lives, with the result that the perception of disaster and helplessness was the most acute experienced in recent years. This study sought to analyse the respiratory and mental health effects of the August-2006 fires, using consumption of anxiolytics-hypnotics and drugs for obstructive airway diseases as indicators.

Cancer mortality inequalities in urban areas: a Bayesian small area analysis in Spanish cities.

Background: Intra-urban inequalities in mortality have been infrequently analysed in European contexts. The aim of the present study was to analyse patterns of cancer mortality and their relationship with socioeconomic deprivation in small areas in 11 Spanish cities.

Methods: It is a cross-sectional ecological design using mortality data (years 1996-2003).

Attributable mortality to radon exposure in Galicia, Spain. Is it necessary to act in the face of this health problem?

Background: Radon is the second risk factor for lung cancer after tobacco consumption and therefore it is necessary to know the burden of disease due to its exposure. The objective of this study is to estimate radon-attributable lung cancer mortality in Galicia, a high emission area located at the Northwest Spain.

Methods: A prevalence-based attribution method was applied.

Risk of cancer among hairdressers and related workers: a meta-analysis.

Background: Hairdressers and allied occupations represent a large and fast growing group of professionals. The fact that these professionals are chronically exposed to a large number of chemicals present in their work environment, including potential carcinogens contained in hair dyes, makes it necessary to carry out a systematic evaluation of the risk of cancer in this group.

Methods: We retrieved studies by systematically searching Medline and other computerized databases, and by manually examining the references of the original articles and monographs retrieved.

[Cultural adaptation and validation of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey questionnaire (MOS-SSS)].

The aim of this study was the assesment of psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the instrument "Medical Outcomes Study - Social Support Survey (MOSSSS)". This questionnaire has been translated and adapted in a Portuguese sample of 101 patients with chronic illness of a rural health centre in Portugal. The average age of patients was 63.

Psychotropic medications and the risk of fracture: a meta-analysis.

Background: Older adults throughout the developed world are at significant risk of osteoporotic fractures. Many studies have examined the relationship between the use of psychotropic medications and the risk of fractures, but these studies have reported conflicting results.

Purpose: To resolve discrepancies, we carried out a meta-analysis to assess the risk of fractures among users of several classes of psychotropic drugs.

Education and dementia: a meta-analytic study.

Considerable controversy exists about the role of education in the risk of dementia. Individual studies have not been conclusive so far. To examine the hypothesis that lower education is associated with a higher risk of dementia, we carried out a meta-analysis.

Personal use of hair dyes and risk of cancer: a meta-analysis.

Context: Use of hair dyes has been suggested recently as a risk factor for several types of cancer in epidemiologic studies. This alarming news and controversial declarations by scientific organizations and general media have made necessary a systematic evaluation of the epidemiologic evidence.

Objective: To examine the association between personal use of hair dyes and relative risk of cancer.

Dose-response relationship between tobacco and lung cancer: new findings.

The purpose of this work is to model the relationship between smoking-related variables and the risk of lung cancer by using parametric and non-parametric models. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted to ascertain the influence of smoking on risk of lung cancer. We used parametric logistic regression with a series of categorized independent variables and non-parametric logistic regression models.

[Respiratory symptoms and lung function in a geriatric population of a Galician rural community: a pilot study].

Introduction: Respiratory diseases are a frequent cause of health demands and have a large impact on morbidity and mortality of the Galician population, especially among the older one. Recent work shows that the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases is not optimal. This increases the utilisation of health care resources.

[Influence of social support on patients with essential hypertension].

Objective: To determine whether social support affects blood pressure control in patients diagnosed with essential Hypertension.

Design: Observational, prospective study, with a year's follow-up. SERRING: Mariñamansa-A Cuña Health Centre, Ourense (Galicia), Spain.

[Environmental stress and cardiovascular reactivity: the effect of stressful life events on hypertense patients].

Objective: To assess the effect of stressful life events (SLE) on the monitoring of patients with essential hypertension.

Design: Observational and prospective.

Setting: Primary care.

[Oral health in Galician schoolchildren. 1995].

Background: To ascertain the condition of the oral hygiene of school children 6 and 12 years of age in Galicia and to assess the degree to which said condition meets the World Health Organization (WHO) oral hygiene objectives for the year 2000.

Methods: Observational cross-sectional study conducted in 1995 on a group of school children 6 and 12 years of age in Galicia selected by means of a multi-stage sampling by conglomerates, stratified by provinces and type of habitat.

Results: This study was conducted on 1,288 school age children, 643 in the 6-year-old group and 645 in the 12-year-old group.