Anthropometric Studies of Schoolchildren During the First Decades of the 20th Century in Spain and Argentina.

Objective: The practice of anthropometry in schools at the beginning of the 20th century originated in Europe and Latin America in conjunction with the emergence of hygienism and epidemiological auxology. The aim of this work is to deepen the knowledge of these practices in Spain and Argentina and to compare the available growth data in order to identify possible differences between the populations.

Methods: The anthropometric data of 1693 boys and girls aged 7-15 years (877 Spanish; 816 Argentinean) from the period between 1903 and 1913 were analyzed.

Encapsulation of Phenolic Compounds Extracted from Beet By-Products: Analysis of Physical and Chemical Properties.

Beet is a nutritious and health-promoting food with important bioactive compounds in its industrial by-products. The encapsulation of antioxidants from beet by-products has been proposed for valorization. For this, an ethanol-water extract was mixed with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (used as a carrier agent) and then encapsulated.

Synergistic efficacy of ceftazidime/avibactam and aztreonam against carbapenemase-producing : insights from the hollow-fiber infection model.

Background: Combination therapy is an attractive therapeutic option for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) infections. Existing data support the combination of aztreonam and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) against class serine-β-lactamase (SBL)- and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) - producing However, data about that combination against SBL- and MBL-producing are scarce. The objective of the study was to assess the activity of CZA and aztreonam alone and in combination against SBL- and MBL-producing XDR isolates.

Management of Vertebral Defects, Anal Atresia, Cardiac Defects, Tracheoesophageal Fistula or Atresia, Renal Anomalies, and Limb Abnormalities (VACTERL) in a Child With Complex Medical Needs in the Foster Care System: A Pediatric Case Study.

Vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheoesophageal fistula or atresia, renal anomalies, and limb abnormalities (VACTERL) association is a complex congenital condition characterized by the presence of malformations that affect various organ systems. Most children born with VACTERL association require surgery shortly after birth, often undergoing multiple procedures during infancy, which can lead to a wide range of physical challenges. The unique combination of malformations in these children in addition to having complex care needs that need to be met can result in physical and social difficulties in their daily lives, affecting both their own and their caregivers' quality of life.

Effect of stochastic resettings on the counting of level crossings for inertial random processes.

We study the counting of level crossings for inertial random processes exposed to stochastic resetting events. We develop the general approach of stochastic resetting for inertial processes with sudden changes in the state characterized by position and velocity. We obtain the level-crossing intensity in terms of that of underlying reset-free process for resetting events with Poissonian statistics.

Primary central nervous system germ cell tumors in Central America and the Caribbean Region: an AHOPCA 20-year experience.

Background: Primary central nervous system germ cell tumors (GCT) are rare neoplasms in pediatrics. Treatment depends on the histological subtype and extent of the disease. Overall survival (OS) is above 90% for germinomas and 70%-80% for nongerminomatous GCT (NGGCT) in high-income countries (HIC) while data are usually lacking for patients in Low-Middle Income country (LMIC).

New Predictive Equation for the Estimation of Plasma Concentrations of Formed Colistin in Patients Treated With Colistimethate Sodium for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections.

Background: The clinical use of colistin methanesulphonate (CMS) is limited by potential nephrotoxicity. The selection of an efficient and safe CMS dose for individual patients is complicated by the narrow therapeutic window and high interpatient pharmacokinetic variability. In this study, a simple predictive equation for estimating the plasma concentration of formed colistin in patients with multidrug and extremely drug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections was developed.

Early Detection of Cancer and Precancerous Lesions in Persons with HIV through a Comprehensive Cancer Screening Protocol.

Background: Non-AIDS defining malignancies present a growing challenge for persons with HIV (PWH), yet tailored interventions for timely cancer diagnosis are lacking. The Spanish IMPAC-Neo protocol was designed to compare two comprehensive cancer screening strategies integrated into routine HIV care. This study reports baseline data on the prevalence and types of precancerous lesions and early-stage cancer among participants at enrolment.

Cluster analysis based on gambling variables and mental health in a clinical population of gamblers.

Background: Interest in characterizing individuals involved in addictive behaviors has been growing, which allows tailoring prevention and intervention strategies to the gambler's needs. The study aimed to 1) identify clusters of gamblers according to gambling-related characteristics and mental health; and 2) analyze differences in psychological variables between the clusters.

Methods: A total of 83 participants undergoing treatment for gambling disorder (M = 45.

Public perception of psychiatry, psychology and mental health professionals: a 15-year analysis.

Background: X (previously known as "Twitter") serves as a platform for open discussions on mental health, providing an avenue for scrutinizing public perspectives regarding psychiatry, psychology and their associated professionals.

Objective: To analyze the conversations happening on X about psychiatrists, psychologists, and their respective disciplines to understand how the public perception of these professionals and specialties has evolved over the last 15 years.

Methods: We collected and analyzed all tweets posted in English or Spanish between 2007 and 2023 referring to psychiatry, psychology, neurology, mental health, psychiatrist, psychologist, or neurologist using advance topic modelling and sentiment analysis.

Prospective study for the early detection of lung carcinoma in patients with HIV infection (GESIDA study 8815).

Introduction: Lung cancer (LC) screening detects tumors early. The prospective GESIDA 8815 study was designed to assess the usefulness of this strategy in HIV + people (PLHIV) by performing a low-radiation computed tomography (CT) scan.

Patients And Methods: 371 heavy smokers patients were included (>20 packs/year), >45 years old and with a CD4+ <200 mm nadir.

A case-control study of the clinical and economic impact of infections caused by Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE).

Purpose: The aim was to analyse the clinical and economic impact of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) infections.

Methods: Case-control study. Adult patients with CPE infections were considered cases, while those with non-CPE infections were controls.

Bloodstream Infections Presenting with Septic Shock in Neutropenic Cancer Patients: Impact of Empirical Antibiotic Therapy.

This large, multicenter, retrospective cohort study including onco-hematological neutropenic patients with bloodstream infection (PABSI) found that among 1213 episodes, 411 (33%) presented with septic shock. The presence of solid tumors (33.3% vs.

Influence of saliva on the sensory properties of US commercial smoke affected wines: Preliminary findings.

Previous research has suggested that the impact of smoke affected wines require human evaluation due to in-mouth changes in perception, perhaps associated with saliva. Smoke affected wines ( = 36) from three major wine growing regions in the US were sourced from commercial wineries. A subset of these wines ( = 7) were evaluated by a consumer panel ( = 57) and electronic tongue (e-tongue) to determine the influence of saliva in the sensory profile.

Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide as first-line treatment in naïve HIV patients in a rapid-initiation model of care: BIC-NOW clinical trial.

Objective: Multiple strategies have been utilised to reduce the incidence of HIV, including PrEP and rapid antiretroviral therapy initiation. The study objectives were to evaluate the efficacy, safety, satisfaction, treatment adherence, and system retention obtained with rapid initiation of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) in naïve patients.

Methods: This phase IV, multicenter, open-label, single-arm, 48-week clinical trial enrolled patients between January 2020 and June 2022.

Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma (PPGL): A Misdiagnosed Cause of Hypertension during Pregnancy.

Hypertension (HT) during pregnancy is not an infrequent obstetric problem, reaching a prevalence of 5-10%. This condition is highly associated with both maternal and fetal complications if not precisely diagnosed and managed. Even though primary HT, obesity, and preeclampsia are the main causes of HT in this period, other less familiar conditions must be considered during the investigation.

A new updated prognostic index for patients with brain metastases (BMs) treated with palliative whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in the era of precision oncology. METASNCore project.

Introduction: Palliative WBRT is the main treatment for multiple BMs. Recent studies report no benefit in survival after WBRT compared to palliative supportive care in patients (pts) with poor prognosis. A new era of systemic treatment strategies based on targeted therapies are improving the prognosis of patients with BMs.

bloodstream infection is a prevailing community-onset disease with important mortality rates: results from a retrospective observational study in Australia.

Background: The recognition of i as a cause of infections in humans has been increasing. However, only case reports and small series of bloodstream infections have been published. Epidemiological data on these infections are extremely scarce.

Higher area deprivation index is associated with poorer local control and overall survival in non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation impacts outcomes in various cancers. We examined this association in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients using the area deprivation index (ADI).

Methods: We conducted a single-institution retrospective cohort study on NPC patients treated with definitive radiotherapy from 1980 to 2023.

Sensory Perception and Food-Evoked Emotions of Older Adults Assessing Microwave-Processed Meals with Different Salt Concentrations.

This study employed a home-use test to explore the sensory perception and evoked emotions of older adults in the assessment of chicken pasta meals with different salt concentrations. Ready-to-eat (RTE) meals with three salt levels (100%, 75%, and 50%) and two treatments-with and without added herbs-were tested. Multiple sensory attributes and overall meal liking were evaluated by participants ( = 54; 60-86 years of age) with hedonic and just-about-right scores.