Effectiveness of General Practitioners' Involvement in Adult Vaccination Practices: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of International Evidence.

Background: General practitioners (GPs) and primary care units collaborate with Prevention Departments (PDs) to improve immunization by participating in vaccination campaigns, sharing tools, and implementing educational programs to raise patient awareness. This review aimed to identify effective strategies for involving GPs in PD vaccination practices.

Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted on MEDLINE, TripDatabase, ClinicalTrials, CINAHL, and Cochrane up to January 2024 to identify full-text studies in English evaluating the effectiveness of GP involvement.

Nanofibrous Photothermal Materials from Natural Resources: A Green Approach for Artwork Restoration.

Cleaning unwanted paint layers represents a significant challenge in cultural heritage restoration, requiring high effectiveness, spatial precision, and nontoxic techniques. Cleaning vandalic acts or street art paints is particularly challenging because of insoluble varnishes, which are very resistant to traditional removal treatments. Here, for the first time, we employ the photothermal effect for cleaning an artwork, using electrospun nonwovens incorporated with melanin nanoparticles (NPs).

HPV Vaccine Awareness and Uptake Among Sexually Transmitted Infections Clinic Users: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bologna, Italy.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection poses a significant health risk, particularly for high-risk groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM), people living with HIV (PLHIV), and transgender individuals. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, uptake among these groups remains suboptimal due to various social and behavioral barriers (BeSD). A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) clinic in Bologna, Italy, from 8 April to 12 April 2024 using a paper questionnaire, investigating HPV vaccine uptake and BeSD factors influencing vaccination decisions.

Localized Light-Induced Precipitation of Inorganic Materials.

The light-induced control in the fabrication of materials is a field in continuous development. So far, photo-induced processes have been used mostly for organic polymeric materials. However, there is a recent, increasing interest in exploring the possibility of using these techniques to induce the precipitation of inorganic materials.

Surge in antidepressant usage among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from an interrupted time series analysis.

Background: Depressive disorders are a major public health issue in Western societies, particularly among adolescents, young adults and women. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated mental health challenges, increasing depression and anxiety symptoms, especially in younger people. This study focuses on the hard-hit Emilia-Romagna Region (ERR) in Italy, examining changes in antidepressant (AD) drug use post-COVID-19 to understand the pandemic's effect on mental health.

Melanin and Light.

Melanin is responsible, in Nature, for photoprotection, for this reason it is expected to be poorly photoreactive. However, the photo-reactivity of melanin and related materials is well documented. Here we discuss some relevant recent examples to demonstrate that, indeed, the actual mechanism of interaction of melanin with light is complex and still not completely understood.

Syndromic Surveillance in Public Health Emergencies: A Systematic Analysis of Cases Related to Exposure to 2023 Floodwaters in Romagna, Italy.

Background: In May 2023, Romagna, Italy, faced a devastating flood resulting in 16 fatalities, forced displacement of 26,000 citizens, and significant economic losses. Due to potential water contamination, implementing public health strategies became imperative for the Local Health Authority to mitigate the health consequences, analyze the flood's impact on the local population's health, and detect early anomalies requiring timely public health interventions.

Methods: Between June and July 2023, general practitioners who were part of the RespiVirNet surveillance network completed weekly structured forms.

Melanin as a Photothermal Agent in Antimicrobial Systems.

Bacterial infection is one of the most problematic issues for human health and the resistance of bacteria to traditional antibiotics is a matter of huge concern. Therefore, research is focusing on the development of new strategies to efficiently kill these microorganisms. Recently, melanin is starting to be investigated for this purpose.

The Role of WO Nanoparticles on the Properties of Gelatin Films.

Gelatin films are very versatile materials whose properties can be tuned through functionalization with different systems. This work investigates the influence of WO nanoparticles on the swelling, barrier, mechanical, and photochromic properties of gelatin films. To this purpose, polyvinylpirrolidone (PVP)-stabilized WO nanoparticles were loaded on gelatin films at two different pH values, namely, 4 and 7.

The Role of Family or Community Nurse in Dealing with Frail and Chronic Patients in Italy: A Scoping Review.

Even though Family and Community Nurses (FCNs) were introduced into the Italian healthcare system in 2000, to date, there is a substantial knowledge gap regarding the implementation of these professional figures within the Primary Care (PC) system. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the role of FCNs in managing older adults and the elderly with chronic conditions within the Italian PC system. A search on Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus was conducted including studies published until 7 April 2023.

Melanin for Photoprotection and Hair Coloration in the Emerging Era of Nanocosmetics.

Nanotechnology is revolutionizing fields of high social and economic impact. such as human health preservation, energy conversion and storage, environmental decontamination, and art restoration. However, the possible global-scale application of nanomaterials is raising increasing concerns, mostly related to the possible toxicity of materials at the nanoscale.

Herpes zoster (HZ) vaccine coverage and confidence in Italy: a Nationwide cross-sectional study, the OBVIOUS project.

Background: Herpes Zoster is an age dependent disease and as such it represents a problem in the Italian social context, where the demographic curve is characterized by an overrepresentation of the elderly population. Vaccines against Herpes Zoster are available, safe and effective, however coverage remains sub-optimal. This study was therefore conducted to examine the variations in Herpes Zoster vaccine uptake and confidence across different regions in Italy.

Delirium Diagnosis, Complication Recognition, and Treatment Knowledge among Nurses in an Italian Local Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Delirium, a multifactorial condition with an acute onset and diverse clinical manifestations, poses a significant challenge in the care of hospitalized individuals aged 65 years and older. This study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge among nursing healthcare personnel regarding the diagnosis, recognition of complications, and treatment of delirium. A paper questionnaire consisting of 18 multiple-choice questions was distributed to nurses in twelve operational units located in four facilities within a local hospital in a specific geographical region under the jurisdiction of the Romagna Local Health Authority in Italy.

Investigating the impact of surgical masks on behavioral reactions to facial emotions in the COVID-19 era.

Introduction: The widespread use of surgical masks during the COVID-19 pandemic has posed challenges in interpreting facial emotions. As the mouth is known to play a crucial role in decoding emotional expressions, its covering is likely to affect this process. Recent evidence suggests that facial expressions impact behavioral responses only when their emotional content is relevant to subjects' goals.

Influenza Vaccine Uptake in Italy-The 2022-2023 Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Campaign in Italy: An Update from the OBVIOUS Project.

Influenza is a significant public health concern, with Italy being profoundly impacted annually. Despite extensive vaccination campaigns and cooperative initiatives between the Public Health Departments of Local Healthcare Authorities and family physicians, low vaccine uptake rates persist. This study builds upon the OBVIOUS project, providing an updated picture of influenza vaccine uptake in Italy through a representative sample.

Sub-50 fs Formation of Charge Transfer States Rules the Fate of Photoexcitations in Eumelanin-Like Materials.

Eumelanins play a crucial role as photoprotective agents for living organisms, yet the nature of the stationary and transient species involved in the light absorption and deactivation processes remains controversial. Moreover, the critical sub-100 fs time scale, which is key to the characterization of the primary excited species, has remained unexplored. Here, we study the eumelanin analogue polydopamine (PDA) and employ a combination of steady-state and transient optical spectroscopies to reveal the presence of spectrally broad coupled electronic transitions with, at least partial, charge-transfer (CT) character.

One-stage complete eradication and revision hip due to pseudotumor in metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty.

Background: The correct management and treatment of pseudotumors due to metal-on-metal (MOM) hip arthroplasty are still debated. The purpose of this study is to analyze the surgical treatment and the clinical and radiographic 3-year outcomes of MOM arthroplasty revisions due to pseudotumor treated with a strategy of excision and revision.

Methods: Consecutive, retrospective series of 21 patients (8 males/13 females) with pseudotumor due to MOM hip arthroplasty was surgically treated at a single tertiary center.

The role of motor inhibition in implicit negation processing: two Go/No-Go behavioral studies.

Several studies demonstrated that explicit forms of negation processing (e.g., "I don't know") recruits motor inhibitory mechanisms.

Rates and determinants of Rotavirus vaccine uptake among children in Italy: a cross-sectional study within the 2022 OBVIOUS* project.

Introduction: The World Health Organization defines rotavirus as among the most severe causes of viral gastroenteritis affecting children under 5 year old. Italy and other European countries do not release disaggregated data on rotavirus vaccination coverage. This study aimed to assess the uptake and drivers of rotavirus vaccination in Italy.

Pneumococcal vaccine uptake among high-risk adults and children in Italy: results from the OBVIOUS project survey.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, including Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases (IPDs), pose a substantial public health challenge, causing significant morbidity and mortality, especially among children and older adults. Vaccination campaigns have played a vital role in reducing pneumococcal-related deaths. However, obstacles related to accessibility and awareness might impede optimal vaccine adoption.

Polydopamine Nanosystems in Drug Delivery: Effect of Size, Morphology, and Surface Charge.

Recently, drug delivery strategies based on nanomaterials have attracted a lot of interest in different kinds of therapies because of their superior properties. Polydopamine (PDA), one of the most interesting materials in nanomedicine because of its versatility and biocompatibility, has been widely investigated in the drug delivery field. It can be easily functionalized to favor processes like cellular uptake and blood circulation, and it can also induce drug release through two kinds of stimuli: NIR light irradiation and pH.

Effects of dopaminergic treatment on inhibitory control differ across Hoehn and Yahr stages of Parkinson's disease.

Motor inhibitory control, a core component of cognitive control, is impaired in Parkinson's disease, dramatically impacting patients' abilities to implement goal-oriented adaptive strategies. A progressive loss of the midbrain's dopamine neurons characterizes Parkinson's disease and causes motor features responsive to dopaminergic treatments. Although such treatments restore motor symptoms, their impact on response inhibition is controversial.