Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Alzheimer's disease is estimated to reach 139 million people by 2050, with an increase in people living with functional limitations caused by the disease (Alzheimer's Disease International). However, telerehabilitation presents a promising solution to improve functional outcomes in patients with Alzheimer's disease. This systematic review investigates the use of telerehabilitation therapies worldwide for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairments.

Therapeutic reduction of neurocan in murine intracerebral hemorrhage lesions promotes oligodendrogenesis and functional recovery.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes prominent deposition of extracellular matrix molecules, particularly the chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG) member neurocan. In tissue culture, neurocan impedes the properties of oligodendrocytes. Whether therapeutic reduction of neurocan promotes oligodendrogenesis and functional recovery in ICH is unknown.

In-silico study of novel dimeric flavonoid (OC251FR2) isolated from the seeds of Heckel () against alpha estrogen receptor (ER-α) of breast cancer.

Unlabelled: Estrogen hormone dependence accounts for a major cause in the incidence of women breast cancer. ER- is the major ER subtype in the mammary epithelium and plays a critical role in breast cancer progression. Tamoxifen (1-[4-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)-phenyl]-1,2- diphenylbut-1(Z)-ene) is a nonsteroidal antiestrogen prodrug which formed pharmacologically active metabolite, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, largely used for endocrine therapy in pre and postmenopausal women with ER-positive breast cancer.

The Impact of Neonicotinoid Pesticides on Reproductive Health.

Neonicotinoids are some of the most widely used insecticides in the world because they broadly target chewing and sucking insects. Neonicotinoids are used in commercial agricultural systems, sold for use in home gardens, and found in veterinary pharmaceuticals in the form of flea and tick preventatives for companion animals. They are also used as crop seed treatments and spread throughout crops as they mature.

Prediction of municipal waste generation using multi-expression programming for circular economy: a data-driven approach.

The existing surge in municipal waste generation (MWG), characterized by swiftly changing and uncontrollable factors, poses a significant challenge to sustainable development. This prompted the need for improved predictive models to guide strategic waste management within the circular economy framework. This study aims to develop a predictive model using multi-expression programming (MEP) to assess MWG.

Partial Sequence Analysis of Commercial Peste des Petits Ruminants Vaccines Produced in Africa.

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), which is the only member of the species and belongs to the genus within the family, causes the highly contagious viral sickness "Peste des petits ruminants (PPR)." PPR is of serious economic significance for small ruminant production, particularly in Africa. Control of this critical disease depends highly on successful vaccination against the PPRV.

Determining If COPD Self-Management Televisit-Based Interventions Are Evaluated Among and Equitably Effective Across Diverse Patient Populations to Reduce Acute Care Use: A Scoping Review.

Topic Importance: With telemedicine's expansion during the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become critical to evaluate whether patients have equitable access to and capabilities to use televisits optimally for improved COPD outcomes such as reduced hospitalizations. This scoping review evaluated whether televisit-based interventions are evaluated among and equitably effective in improving health care use outcomes among diverse patient populations with COPD.

Review Findings: Using a systematic search for televisit-based COPD self-management interventions, we found 20 studies for inclusion, all but one of which were published before the COVID-19 pandemic.

A two-pronged approach to understanding reciprocity and mental health relationship in developing countries: evidence from young informal construction workers in Nigeria.

Background: Mental health problems disproportionately affect young people in developing countries. However, there is limited research on help-seeking behaviours and the social support systems that improve mental wellbeing among vulnerable youth populations.

Objective: This mixed-methods study aimed to examine the relationship between social support reciprocity and mental health among young informal construction workers in Nigeria, a population at high-risk for occupational and socioeconomic stressors.

Inhibition of miR-33a-5p in Macrophage-like Cells In Vitro Promotes apoAI-Mediated Cholesterol Efflux.

Atherosclerosis is caused by cholesterol accumulation within arteries. The intima is where atherosclerotic plaque accumulates and where lipid-laden foam cells reside. Intimal foam cells comprise of both monocyte-derived macrophages and macrophage-like cells (MLC) of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) origin.

Commonly used diagnostic label, classes, domain, and formulation among nursing students in Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria.

Background: In order to select nursing actions that will produce the desired results, a nursing diagnosis is crucial. Despite this, it can be challenging for nursing students to recognize and create precise nursing diagnostic labels that are particular to a patient's situation. The study's objectives are to identify the diagnostic labels, classes, and domains that are frequently formulated by nursing students.

Occurrence and characterization of Proteus mirabilis from infected farmed African catfish in Ogun State, Nigeria.

Background: Bacterial pathogens are the causative agents of some of the most serious disease problems in cultured fish causing mortalities and severe economic losses. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence and characterization of Proteus mirabilis from infected farmed African catfish in Ogun State, Nigeria.

Methodology: The bacteria were isolated from diseased farmed African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, n=128) with clinical signs of skin haemorrhages, ulceration, and ascites purposively sampled from farms within three senatorial districts namely Ogun East (OE; n=76), Ogun Central (OC; n=30) and Ogun West (OW; n=22) in Ogun State.

Flip the switch: the role of FleQ in modulating the transition between the free-living and sessile mode of growth in .

is a Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen causing chronic infections that are associated with the sessile/biofilm mode of growth rather than the free-living/planktonic mode of growth. The transcriptional regulator FleQ contributes to both modes of growth by functioning both as an activator and repressor and inversely regulating flagella genes associated with the planktonic mode of growth and genes contributing to the biofilm mode of growth. Here, we review findings that enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which FleQ enables the transition between the two modes of growth.

Unravelling the dynamics of genotype and environment interactions on chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) yield-related attributes in soilless planting systems.

Evaluation of genotypes to identify high-yielding and stable varieties is crucial for chilli production sustainability and food security. These analyses are essential, particularly when the breeding program aims to select lines with great adaptability and stability. Thirty chilli genotypes were evaluated for yield stability under four soilless planting systems viz; fertigation, HydroStock (commercial hydrogel), BioHydrogel (biodegradable hydrogel), and hydroponic to study the influence of genotype by environment interaction.

Estimated capital costs of fish exclusion technologies for hydropower facilities.

Hydropower is a reliable source of renewable energy, and its future expansion is likely to be in the form of either smaller new stream development (NSD) projects or powering existing non-powered dams. Thresholds for entrainment risk to fish and the requirements for fish exclusion at hydropower facilities often differ depending on the species involved, the characteristics of the facility, and the goals of stakeholders, but little quantitative information is present within the literature regarding the specific costs of fish exclusion measures. Cost data associated with protection, mitigation, and enhancement (PM&E) measures related to positive barrier screening were identified using keyword searches of an existing environmental mitigation cost data set and manual extraction from regulatory licensing documents available in the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) eLibrary.

H-NMR based-metabolomics reveals alterations in the metabolite profiles of chickens infected with ascarids and concurrent histomonosis infection.

Background: Gut infections of chickens caused by Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum are associated with impaired host performance, particularly in high-performing genotypes. Heterakis gallinarum is also a vector of Histomonas meleagridis that is often co-involved with ascarid infections. Here, we provide a first insight into the alteration of the chicken plasma and liver metabolome as a result of gastrointestinal nematode infections with concomitant histomonosis.

Dissecting the Impact of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell ABCA1 versus ABCG1 Expression on Cholesterol Efflux and Macrophage-like Cell Transdifferentiation: The Role of SR-BI.

Cholesterol-laden macrophages are recognized as a major contributor to atherosclerosis. However, recent evidence indicates that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) that accumulate cholesterol and transdifferentiate into a macrophage-like cell (MLC) phenotype also play a role in atherosclerosis. Therefore, removing cholesterol from MLC may be a potential atheroprotective strategy.

Evaluating the incentive for soil organic carbon sequestration from carinata production in the Southeast United States.

Soil organic carbon (SOC) can be increased by cultivating bioenergy crops to produce low-carbon fuels, improving soil quality and agricultural productivity. This study evaluates the incentives for farmers to sequester SOC by adopting a bioenergy crop, carinata. Two agricultural management scenarios - business as usual (BaU) and a climate-smart (no-till) practice - were simulated using an agent-based modeling approach to account for farmers' carinata adoption rates within their context of traditional crop rotations, the associated profitability, influences of neighboring farmers, as well as their individual attitudes.

Distinct characteristics and severity of brain magnetic resonance imaging lesions in women and men with multiple sclerosis assessed using verified texture analysis measures.

Background And Goal: characterization of brain lesion types in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been an ongoing challenge. Based on verified texture analysis measures from clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), this study aimed to develop a method to identify two extremes of brain MS lesions that were approximately severely demyelinated (sDEM) and highly remyelinated (hREM), and compare them in terms of common clinical variables.

Method: Texture analysis used an optimized gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) method based on FLAIR MRI from 200 relapsing-remitting MS participants.

Low frequency of knockdown resistance mutation (L1014F) and the efficacy of PBO synergist in multiple insecticide-resistant populations of Anopheles gambiae in Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria.

Objective: We evaluated the susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae in two communities of Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria to DDT, deltamethrin, lambda cyhalothrin and bendiocarb.

Methods: immature stages were collected from their habitats in the surveyed community and allowed to emerge before exposure adult females to discriminating doses of WHO insecticides including DDT, deltamethrin, lambda cyhalothrin, bendiocarb and malathion. PBO synergistic bioassay was conducted for insecticides where the mosquito samples showed resistance.

Constructing Lipoparticles Capable of Endothelial Cell-Derived Exosome-Mediated Delivery of Anti-miR-33a-5p to Cultured Macrophages.

Atherosclerosis is driven by intimal arterial macrophages accumulating cholesterol. Atherosclerosis also predominantly occurs in areas consisting of proinflammatory arterial endothelial cells. At time of writing, there are no available clinical treatments that precisely remove excess cholesterol from lipid-laden intimal arterial macrophages.

The Impact of MiR-33a-5p Inhibition in Pro-Inflammatory Endothelial Cells.

Evidence suggests cholesterol accumulation in pro-inflammatory endothelial cells (EC) contributes to triggering atherogenesis and driving atherosclerosis progression. Therefore, inhibiting miR-33a-5p within inflamed endothelium may prevent and treat atherosclerosis by enhancing apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux by upregulating ABCA1. However, it is not entirely elucidated whether inhibition of miR-33a-5p in pro-inflammatory EC is capable of increasing ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux.

Factors affecting access to healthcare for young people in the informal sector in developing countries: a systematic review.

Background: Young people are increasingly seeking employment in the informal sector due to increasing global unemployment. However, the precarious nature of work in the informal sectors, coupled with the high risk of occupational hazards, calls for a greater need for effective healthcare for informal sector workers, particularly young people. In addressing the health vulnerabilities of informal workers, systematic data on the determinants of health is a persistent challenge.

Analysis of COI gene, prevalence, and intensity of the bat fly on roosting straw-coloured fruit bat in Southwest Nigeria.

We investigated ectoparasite diversity, interspecific infestation rates and host preference in roosting fruit bats, , from Bowen University, Southwest Nigeria. Fur of captured were sampled monthly for ectoparasites from January 2021 to June 2022. We examined a total of 231  and observed a significant female to male adult sex ratio (0.

School closures and well-being-related topic searches on Google during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: Following the outbreak of the 2020 coronavirus, governments adopted non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to save lives. The NPIs have been deemed to have unintended consequences on mental health and well-being. This study aimed to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic-induced school closures on the relative search volumes (RSVs) of well-being-relevant topics in 30 low and lower- middle income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.