Yoga and Healthcare in the United Kingdom.

The emergence of yoga therapy in the United Kingdom began about 45 years ago with the emergence of yoga therapy organizations that offered both treatment and training. The integration of yoga into the National Health Service (NHS) is gradually happening Because: (a) yoga research supports its efficacy as a cost-effective, preventive and complementary treatment for a host of non-communicable diseases; and (b) the escalating economic burden of long-term conditions is overwhelming the NHS. The NHS is actively developing 'sustainability and transformation plans' that include yoga.

A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess Pain and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based (MRI-Based) Structural Spine Changes in Low Back Pain Patients After Yoga Practice.

BACKGROUND The present study aimed at determining whether 12 weeks of yoga practice in patients with chronic LBP and MRI-based degenerative changes would result in differences in: (i) self-reported pain, anxiety, and spinal flexibility; and (ii) the structure of the discs or vertebrae. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-two persons with MRI-proven degenerative intervertebral discs (group mean ±S.D.

Disc extrusions and bulges in nonspecific low back pain and sciatica: Exploratory randomised controlled trial comparing yoga therapy and normal medical treatment.

Background: Previous trials of yoga therapy for nonspecific low back pain (nsLBP) (without sciatica) showed beneficial effects.

Objective: To test effects of yoga therapy on pain and disability associated with lumbar disc extrusions and bulges.

Methods: Parallel-group, randomised, controlled trial.

Clinical performance of infrared consumer-grade thermometers.

Background And Purpose: Technology of ear infrared (IR) thermometers has improved. This study compared a modern ear thermometer to forehead or temporal artery thermometers.

Methods: Temperatures were measured with a heated-tip ear thermometer, a temporal artery thermometer, 3 forehead thermometers, and a thermistor-based reference thermometer in monitor mode.

Synaptic transmission from the submucosal plexus to the myenteric plexus in Guinea-pig ileum.

Stimulation of the myenteric plexus results in activation of submucosal neurons and dilation of arterioles, one way that motility and secretion can be coupled together. The present study aimed to examine the converse, whether myenteric neurons receive synaptic input from the submucosal plexus (SMP). Intracellular recordings were made from guinea-pig ileal myenteric neurons while the SMP was electrically stimulated.

Slow excitatory post-synaptic potentials in myenteric AH neurons of the guinea-pig ileum are reduced by the 5-hydroxytryptamine7 receptor antagonist SB 269970.

Serotonin (5-HT) is a key modulator of neuronal excitability in the central and peripheral nervous system. In the enteric nervous system, 5-HT causes a slow depolarization in the intrinsic sensory neurons, but the receptor responsible for this has not been correlated with known gene products. The aim of this study was to determine whether the newly characterized 5-HT7 receptor may participate in the 5-HT-mediated depolarization of, and synaptic transmission to, the intrinsic sensory neurons of the guinea-pig ileum.

ATP participates in three excitatory postsynaptic potentials in the submucous plexus of the guinea pig ileum.

Synaptic transmission between neurones intrinsic to the wall of the intestine involves multiple neurotransmitters. This study aimed to identify neurotransmitters responsible for non-cholinergic excitatory synaptic transmission in the submucous plexus of the guinea pig ileum. Intracellular recordings were made from secretomotor and vasodilator neurones.

ATP and 5-HT are the principal neurotransmitters in the descending excitatory reflex pathway of the guinea-pig ileum.

Neurotransmission underlying descending excitatory reflexes evoked by distension was studied in opened segments of guinea-pig ileum and compared with peristalsis in intact segments. The opened segments were distended by inflating a balloon against the serosa at the oral end and changes in muscle length recorded from the anal end. Distension elicited contractions in both circular (CM) and longitudinal (LM) muscle layers.