qSOFA, SIRS and NEWS for predicting inhospital mortality and ICU admission in emergency admissions treated as sepsis.

Background: The third international consensus definition for sepsis recommended use of a new prognostic tool, the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), based on its ability to predict inhospital mortality and prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay in patients with suspected infection. While several studies have compared the prognostic accuracy of qSOFA to the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria in suspected sepsis, few have compared qSOFA and SIRS to the widely used National Early Warning Score (NEWS).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study carried out in a UK tertiary centre.

Complete nucleotide sequences and virion particle association of two satellite RNAs of panicum mosaic virus.

Over six decades ago, panicum mosaic virus (PMV) was identified as the first viral pathogen of cultivated switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). Subsequently, PMV was demonstrated to support the replication of both a satellite RNA virus (SPMV) and satellite RNA (satRNA) agents during natural infections of host grasses. In this study, we report the isolation and full-length sequences of two PMV satRNAs identified in 1988 from St.

Partial Genome Organization, Identification of the Coat Protein Gene, and Detection of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-5.

ABSTRACT The genome of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-5 (GLRaV-5) was cloned, and the sequence of 4766 nt was determined. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers designed from the conserved closterovirus heat shock 70 protein (HSP 70) homologue were used to obtain viral-specific sequences to anchor the cloning of the viral RNA with a genomic walking approach. The partial nucleotide (nt) sequence of GLRaV-5 showed the presence of four open reading frames (ORF A through D), potentially coding for the HSP 70 homologue (ORF A); a 51-kDa protein of unknown function with similarity to GLRaV-3 p55 (ORF B); the viral capsid protein (ORF C); and a diverged viral duplicate capsid protein (ORF D).

First Detection of Grapevine leafroll associated virus-7 in California Vineyards.

Grapevine leafroll is one of the most important viral diseases in grapevine and occurs wherever grapevines are grown. At least nine different Grapevine leafroll associated viruses (GLRaVs) belonging to different genera within the Closteroviridae family have been reported. Typical leafroll symptoms include downward rolling and interveinal reddening or yellowing of leaves, reduced fruit size, sugar content, and yield.

Development of Monoclonal Antibodies Reactive to a New Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Closterovirus.

Monoclonal antibodies reactive to a previously uncharacterized grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaV) coat protein were developed. A novel 37-kDa protein was found associated with grapevine leafroll disease in a mixed virus infection. The polypeptide was separated from the 38-kDa polypeptide associated with GLRaV-1 using a Tricine sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis system.

Nucleotide sequence and infectivity of a full-length cDNA clone of panicum mosaic virus.

The sequence of an infectious cDNA clone of panicum mosaic virus (PMV) showed that the single-stranded RNA genome is 4326 nucleotides (nt) and a single highly abundant subgenomic (sg) RNA of 1475 nt was synthesized during PMV infection of pearl millet plants and protoplasts. Computer comparisons revealed strong similarities between the predicted amino acid sequences of the p48 and p112 open reading frames (ORFs) and replicase proteins of members of the Tombusviridae. The sgRNA has the potential to encode five proteins.

Serological Detection of Grapevine Associated Closteroviruses in Infected Grapevine Cultivars.

Western blot immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using different monoclonal antibodies (MAb) and polyclonal antisera (PA) revealed mixed infections of serologically related and unrelated grapevine leafroll associated viruses (GLRaVs) and grapevine corky bark associated virus (GCBaV) in symptomatic grapevines. A PA designated rootstock-scion incompatibility (RSI)-24 kDa, grapevine corky bark PA, and GLRaV-2b MAb reacted to polypeptides of approximately 24 kDa isolated from grapevines exhibiting rootstock-scion incompatibility, leafroll, and corky bark disease symptoms, suggesting that these isolates are infected with closely related viruses. A PA designated GLRaV-2 US detected virus specific polypeptides of 38, 37, 36, and 24 kDa, while a polyclonal antiserum designated GLRaV-2 FR detected a single virus-specific polypeptide of approximately 24 kDa.