Multidrug-resistant isolated from patients and surrounding hospital environments in Bangladesh: A molecular approach for the determination of pathogenicity and resistance.

Extended spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL ) is a primary concern for hospital and community healthcare settings, often linked to an increased incidence of nosocomial infections. This study investigated the characteristics of ESBL isolated from hospital environments and clinical samples. In total, 117 ESBL isolates were obtained.

Women's childbearing histories and their alcohol use at midlife.

There has been increased alcohol use among mid-life women in recent decades. Given the association between alcohol use and childbearing earlier in life and the centrality of childbearing for other aspects of mid-life women's health, we examined how multiple components of childbearing histories were associated with mid-life alcohol use. Our analysis included 3,826 women from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79).

Food insecurity screening and local food access: Contributions to nutritional outcomes among children and adults with cystic fibrosis in the United States.

Background: As the nutritional status of people with CF (PwCF) is associated with their socioeconomic status, it is important to understand factors related to food security and food access that play a role in the nutritional outcomes of this population. We assessed the contributions of CF program-level food insecurity screening practices and area-level food access for nutritional outcomes among PwCF.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2019 data from the U.

Retrofitting passive cooling strategies to combat heat stress in the face of climate change: A case study of a ready-made garment factory in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

The ready-made garment industry is critical to the Bangladesh economy. There is an urgent need to improve current working conditions and build capacity for heat mitigation as conditions worsen due to climate change. We modelled a typical, mid-sized, non-air-conditioned factory in Bangladesh and simulated how the indoor thermal environment is altered by four rooftop retrofits (1.

Healthcare Facilities as Potential Reservoirs of Antimicrobial Resistant : An Emerging Concern to Public Health in Bangladesh.

The emergence of virulent extended spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL-KP) including carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) in hospital-acquired infections has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. We investigated the antibiotic resistance and virulence factors associated with ESBL-KP and CRKP in tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh and explored their ability to form biofilm. A total of 67 ESBL-KP were isolated from 285 isolates from environmental and patient samples from January 2019 to April 2019.

TTN as a candidate gene for distal arthrogryposis type 10 pathogenesis.

Background: Arthrogryposis is a medical term used to describe congenital contractures which often affect multiple limbs. Distal arthrogryposis (DA) is one of the major categories of arthrogryposis that primarily affects the distal parts of the body, i.e.

Quantitative cardiopulmonary magnetic resonance imaging in neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension, impaired cardiac function and lung hypoplasia are common in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Robust noninvasive methods to quantify these abnormalities in early infancy are lacking.

Objective: To determine the feasibility of MRI to quantify cardiopulmonary hemodynamics and function in infants with CDH and to investigate left-right blood flow and lung volume discrepancies.

Vicarious experiences of major discrimination, anxiety symptoms, and mental health care utilization among Black Adults.

Background: The adverse mental health consequences of discrimination among Black adults, such as anxiety symptoms, are well documented. Prior research establishes anxiety as a risk factor for suboptimal health outcomes among Black adults. Most discrimination and mental health studies, however, have focused on the effects of personal experiences of discrimination.

ESBL Producing in Faecal Sludge Treatment Plants: An Invisible Threat to Public Health in Rohingya Camps, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.

Human faecal sludge contains diverse harmful microorganisms, making it hazardous to the environment and public health if it is discharged untreated. Faecal sludge is one of the major sources of that can produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of ESBL-producing in faecal sludge samples collected from faecal sludge treatment plants (FSTPs) in Rohingya camps, Bangladesh.

Retraction: Severe Dengue With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Due to COVID-19: A Co-infection Case Series.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19516.

Severe Dengue With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Due to COVID-19: A Co-infection Case Series.

Severe dengue with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can be difficult to diagnose as both diseases have similar symptoms and laboratory findings. Bangladesh is currently facing a double burden of severe dengue and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Co-infection with these viruses can result in severe morbidity.

Multi-functional nanocellulose-chitosan dressing loaded with antibacterial lawsone for rapid hemostasis and cutaneous wound healing.

Cutaneous wounds accompanied by massive bleeding, bacterial infections might be lethal and cause fundamental therapeutic impediments in clinical fields. As part of the push for a solution, biomaterial having hemostatic-antibacterial features is highly desirable. Inspired by this concept, freeze dried sponges were developed followed by combining tempo-oxidized nanocellulose (TOCN), chitosan using EDC/NHS cross-linker with antibacterial lawsone loading for controlled delivery of this compound during wound healing.

Prospective quality of life outcomes in pediatric fecal incontinence following bowel management.

Background: Severe fecal incontinence (FI) is common in patients both with and without anorectal malformations. Whether a formal bowel management program (BMP) has significant effects on FI, psychosocial development of the child, and caregiver stress is poorly understood. We hypothesize that BMP participation results in long-term clinical and quality of life (QOL) improvements for patients and caregivers.

Biochanin A induces a brown-fat phenotype via improvement of mitochondrial biogenesis and activation of AMPK signaling in murine C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells.

In this study, we investigated the effect of Biochanin A (BioA), an O-methylated isoflavone on the brown-fat phenotype formation and on the associated thermogenic program including mitochondrial biogenesis and lipolysis in C3H10T1/2 MSCs. Our data demonstrates that Treatment with BioA in an adipogenic differentiation cocktail induced formation of brown-fat-like adipocytes from C3H10T1/2 MSCs without treatment with a known browning inducer (rosiglitazone or T3) at an early stage of differentiation. The formation of brown-fat-like adipocytes by BioA treatment was evidenced by upregulation of key thermogenic markers: Ucp1, Pgc1α, Prdm16, and Pparγ.

Clinical presentation, diagnosis and polysomnographic findings in children with migraine referred to sleep clinics.

Objective: An association between migraine and sleep disturbances in children was reported, yet limited clinical data exist. The current study addresses the clinical presentation, polysomnographic (PSG) characteristics, and comorbid sleep diagnoses of children with migraine referred to the sleep clinic.

Patients: A retrospective review was performed of headache center patients evaluated by the sleep center between 2007 and 2017.

Thermal cycling effect on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells loaded on 3D-porous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) scaffolds for early osteogenesis.

The application of heat stress on a defect site during the healing process is a promising technique for early bone regeneration. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the effect of periodic heat shock on bone formation. MC3T3-E1 cells were seeded onto biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds, followed by periodic heating to evaluate osteogenic differentiation.

Sinapic acid induces the expression of thermogenic signature genes and lipolysis through activation of PKA/CREB signaling in brown adipocytes.

Lipid accumulation in white adipose tissue is the key contributor to the obesity and orchestrates numerous metabolic health problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Nonetheless, the prevention and treatment of obesity are still inadequate. Recently, scientists found that brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans has functions that are diametrically opposite to those of white adipose tissue and that BAT holds promise for a new strategy to counteract obesity.

Investigation of efficiency of a novel, zinc oxide loaded TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber based hemostat for topical bleeding.

Lethal bleeding due to street accidents, natural calamities, orthopedic/dental surgeries, organ transplantation and household injuries, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. In the current study, zinc oxide (ZnO) was incorporated in TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer system for hemorrhage control by freeze drying method. SEM and XRD data showed the presence of ZnO in the porous structure.

Sequence of refusals for donor quality, organ utilization, and survival after lung transplantation.

Background: Lung donor utilization rates remain low, with many organs refused for donor quality. However, some centers have successfully transplanted these organs despite multiple refusals for donor quality (RDQs) by other centers. We hypothesized that the number of refusals due to donor quality does not impact post-transplant outcomes.

Initial development and validation of a fecal incontinence-specific quality of life measure.

Background/purpose: Fecal incontinence is a prevalent pediatric condition with psychosocial impacts on both children and their caregivers. We sought to develop and validate the Cincinnati Fecal Incontinence Scale (CINCY-FIS) as a psychometrically valid measure to assess the quality of life and caregiver impacts of pediatric fecal incontinence.

Methods: Items were generated through review of previous measures, expert consensus, and pilot testing with feedback from 8 families.

Sleep Disorders and Their Management in Children With Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Referred to Sleep Clinics.

Study Objectives: The nature of sleep disorders in children with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is unknown. We aimed to describe the type, the management, and the short-term outcome of sleep disorders in children with EDS referred to sleep clinics.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of medical records and polysomnography tests of children with EDS younger than 18 years who were referred to the sleep clinic.

Predicting Daily Urban Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations Using a Random Forest Model.

The short-term and acute health effects of fine particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM) have highlighted the need for exposure assessment models with high spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we utilize satellite, meteorologic, atmospheric, and land-use data to train a random forest model capable of accurately predicting daily PM concentrations at a resolution of 1 × 1 km throughout an urban area encompassing seven counties.

Variation among cleft centres in the use of secondary surgery for children with cleft palate: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To test whether cleft centres vary in their use of secondary cleft palate surgery, also known as revision palate surgery, and if so to identify modifiable hospital- and surgeon-factors that are associated with use of secondary surgery.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Forty-three paediatric hospitals across the United States.

Age-related changes in baroreflex sensitivity and cardiac autonomic tone in children mirrored by regional brain gray matter volume trajectories.

BackgroundThe baroreflex and central autonomic brain regions together control the cardiovascular system. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) decreases with age in adults. Age-related changes in brain regions for cardiovascular control in children are unknown.

Periconception Exposure to Air Pollution and Risk of Congenital Malformations.

Objective: To evaluate the association between increased exposure to airborne fine particulate matter (PM) during the periconception period with risk of congenital anomalies.

Study Design: Using birth certificate data from the Ohio Department of Health (2006-2010) and PM data from the US Environmental Protection Agency's 57 monitoring stations located throughout Ohio, the geographic coordinates of the mother's residence for each birth were linked to the nearest PM monitoring station and monthly exposure averages were calculated. The association between congenital anomalies and increased PM levels was estimated, with adjustment for coexistent risk factors.