Effects of fixation and preservation conditions on immunohistochemical profiles of the skeletal muscle fibers in Japanese macaques.

Effects of fixation and preservation conditions of muscle tissues on immunohistochemical profiles are investigated. Samples of the hind limb and epaxial muscles were removed from 4 adult female Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) fixated with 10% formalin and preserved in the same solution under different conditions for 6 months to 4 years and 6 months. Sections were stained with indirect immunofluorescence and avidin-biotin peroxidase complex methods using an antibody against fast myosin (Mouse Monoclonal Anti-skeletal Myosin-Fast, clone MY-32, Sigma) as a primary antibody.

Radio-ulnar deviation of the primate carpus: an X-ray study.

The lack of contact between the ulna and first row of carpals characterizes the wrist morphology of hominoids as compared to other primates. This distinctive feature--generally interpreted as a significant synapomorphy between humans and other hominoids--was a priori considered to be an indication of an increased capacity for ulnar deviation, allowing a greater diversity of hand movements. This X-ray study aimed to test this hypothesis by comparing the shifting of the carpals throughout radioulnar deviation in eight extant genera endowed with ulno-carpal contact or lacking it.