Effect of preheated composite resin luting agents on the color of ceramic laminates.

This in vitro study evaluated the effects of preheating, ultrasound application, and composite resin luting agent composition on the optical characteristics of feldspar ceramic laminates. The hypothesis was that the optical properties of the ceramic-luting agent-substrate unit would be affected by the composition of the luting material and use of ultrasound. Preheated restorative composite resins Charisma, IPS Empress Direct, and Filtek Z350 were used, with unheated RelyX Veneer resin cement serving as the control.