Is maintenance treatment in adult acne important? Benefits from maintenance therapy with adapalene, and low doses of alpha and beta hydroxy acids.

Adult acne is a chronic disease with uncontrolled exacerbations, associated with a psychological burden of the patient and medical expenses. The aim of the study was to check the efficacy of maintenance therapy of adult acne. It is essential part of treatment as adult acne usually has a long-lasting and recurring course.

Lipases and whole cell biotransformations of 2-hydroxy-2-(ethoxyphenylphosphinyl)acetic acid and its ester.

A wide spectrum of commercially available lipases and microbial whole cells catalysts were tested for biotransformations of 2-hydroxy-2-(ethoxyphenylphosphinyl)acetic acid 1 and its butyryl ester. The best results were achieved for biocatalytic hydrolysis of ester: 2-butyryloxy-2-(ethoxyphenylphosphinyl)acetic acid 2 performed by lipase from Candida cylindracea, what gave optically active products with 85% enantiomeric excess, 50% conversion degree and enantioselectivity 32.9 for one pair of enantiomers.

Methods for the assessment of quality and stability of azidocillin.

UV and VIS spectrophotometric methods, after previous chromatographic separation (TLC/UV) and iodometric methods were adapted for the determination of azidocillin in presence of its breakdown products. These methods were applied for kinetic measurement of changes in the azidocillin concentration with time in water solutions and solid state. Using thin layer chromatography several decomposition products of azidocillin were detected.