On some paleopathological examples of amputation and the implications for healthcare in 13th-17th century Lithuania.

Objective: To explore care that was likely provided to an adult male amputee from medieval Lithuania, positioning analysis within what is known of contemporary amputation practices.

Materials: Three sets of skeletal remains with evidence for amputation, dating to between the 13th-17th centuries AD and recovered during different archaeological excavations in Vilnius, Lithuania.

Methods: Macroscopic inspection of lesions, with additional X-ray analysis of the main subject.