Exploring PPAR Gamma and PPAR Alpha's Regulation Role in Metabolism via Epigenetics Mechanism.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to a family of nuclear receptors. To date, three types of PPARs, namely PPARα, PPARδ, and PPARγ, have been identified, demonstrating co-expression across numerous tissues. PPARγ is primarily distributed in adipose tissue, the colon, the immune system, and the retina, while PPARα is predominantly expressed in metabolic tissues such as brown adipose tissue, the liver, and the kidneys.

PPARs in Clinical Experimental Medicine after 35 Years of Worldwide Scientific Investigations and Medical Experiments.

This year marks the 35th anniversary of Professor Walter Wahli's discovery of the PPARs (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors) family of nuclear hormone receptors. To mark the occasion, the editors of the scientific periodical Biomolecules decided to publish a special issue in his honor. This paper summarizes what is known about PPARs and shows how trends have changed and how research on PPARs has evolved.

Association of Genetic Variants in Gene (rs1800795) with the Concentration of Inflammatory Markers (IL-6, hs-CRP) and Superoxide Dismutase in the Blood of Patients with Acute Pancreatitis-Preliminary Findings.

In the course of acute pancreatitis, interleukin-6 plays an important role as a mediator in the inflammatory response. The course of inflammatory disease is associated with intensive oxidative stress, which may activate transcription factors leading to gene-expression changes. Isoenzymes of superoxide dismutase are involved in the defense against free radicals.

Importance of Genetic Polymorphisms in and Genes in Metals Homeostasis and Their Relationship with the Risk of Acute Pancreatitis Occurrence in Smokers-Preliminary Findings.

This study was aimed at evaluating the changes in metallothionein (MT) concentration in the blood of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and healthy subjects, taking into account the extracellular (plasma) and intracellular (erythrocyte lysate) compartments. The impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the (rs11640851), (rs964372) and (rs10636) genes on MT concentration and their association with the concentration of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd) and ceruloplasmin as Cu-related proteins were analyzed. The concentration of a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and IL-6 as markers of inflammation, and malonyldialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SODs) activity and the value of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as parameters describing the pro/antioxidative balance were also assessed.

Changes in the Activity and Concentration of Superoxide Dismutase Isoenzymes (Cu/Zn SOD, MnSOD) in the Blood of Healthy Subjects and Patients with Acute Pancreatitis.

This study was aimed at evaluating the changes in the concentration and activity of all superoxide dismutase isoenzymes (SOD1, SOD2, SOD3) in the blood of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and healthy subjects, taking into account the extracellular (plasma) and intracellular (erythrocyte lysate) compartment. The relationships between the activity/concentration of SODs, metal concentration and the markers of inflammation were evaluated. To assess the pro/antioxidative imbalance, the malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentration and the value of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured.

Increased risk of acute pancreatitis occurrence in smokers with rs5751901 polymorphisms in GGT1 gene.

: The study was aimed to assess γ‑glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity and concentration as a marker of oxidative stress induced by exposure to tobacco smoke in acute pancreatitis (AP) course. Examination of the relationship between GGT activity/concentration and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs5751901 and rs2236626) in GGT1 gene was performed. : We examined SNPs in 38 AP patients and 51 healthy subjects by PCR-RFLP methods.

Changes in lipid profile parameters and PON1 status associated with L55M PON1 polymorphism, overweight and exposure to tobacco smoke.

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) L55M polymorphism on the enzyme's activity and concentration in the serum as well as its association with lipid profile parameters in a group of healthy persons. We also evaluated the presence of PON1 L55M polymorphism in a group of subjects exposed to tobacco smoke and with overweight or obesity on those parameters.

Methods: Analysis of L55M polymorphism was done using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR - RFLP).