Handheld methanol detector for beverage analysis: interlaboratory validation.

Methanol is a toxic alcohol contained in alcoholic beverages as a natural byproduct of fermentation or added intentionally to counterfeits to increase profit. To ensure consumer safety, many countries and the EU have established strict legislation limits for methanol content. Methanol concentration is mostly detected by laboratory instrumentation since mobile devices for routine on-site testing of beverages in distilleries, at border stations or even at home are not available.

"Improved quality assessment of cornelian cherry () fruit with regard to their processing potential".

The sensory properties and appropriateness of cornelian cherry (.) for processing is very closely related to its ripening stage, recognizable by firmness and skin colour to some extent. Due to the non-uniform ripening on the trees the quality of the fruits offered on the market depends very much on the harvest-method.

Single-cell transcriptomics identifies potential cells of origin of MYC rhabdoid tumors.

Rhabdoid tumors (RT) are rare and highly aggressive pediatric neoplasms. Their epigenetically-driven intertumoral heterogeneity is well described; however, the cellular origin of RT remains an enigma. Here, we establish and characterize different genetically engineered mouse models driven under the control of distinct promoters and being active in early progenitor cell types with diverse embryonic onsets.

An extracellular vesicle-related gene expression signature identifies high-risk patients in medulloblastoma.

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is a malignant brain tumor in childhood. It comprises 4 subgroups with different clinical behaviors. The aim of this study was to characterize the transcriptomic landscape of MB, both at the level of individual tumors as well as in large patient cohorts.

The Heparan Sulfate Sulfotransferases HS2ST1 and HS3ST2 Are Novel Regulators of Breast Cancer Stem-Cell Properties.

Heparan sulfate (HS) is a glycosaminoglycan found mainly in its protein-conjugated form at the cell surface and the extracellular matrix. Its high sulfation degree mediates functional interactions with positively charged amino acids in proteins. 2-O sulfation of iduronic acid and 3-O sulfation of glucosamine in HS are mediated by the sulfotransferases HS2ST and HS3ST, respectively, which are dysregulated in several cancers.

Choice of factors and medium impinge on success of ESC to TSC conversion.

Introduction: The first lineage separation in mammalian development occurs when totipotent cells of the zygote give rise to the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm. The lineages are strictly separated by an epigenetic barrier. In vitro derivatives of these lineages embryonic stem cells (ESC) and trophoblast stem cells (TSC) are used to study the requirements needed to overcome the barrier in ESC to TSC conversion approaches.

Macrophage-tumor cell interaction promotes ATRT progression and chemoresistance.

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) are known for their heterogeneity concerning pathophysiology and outcome. However, predictive factors within distinct subgroups still need to be uncovered. Using multiplex immunofluorescent staining and single-cell RNA sequencing we unraveled distinct compositions of the immunological tumor microenvironment (TME) across ATRT subgroups.

Metal-organic framework nanoparticles for arsenic trioxide drug delivery.

Arsenic trioxide is a double-edged sword: On the one hand it is known as a poison, on the other hand it is used as an anticancer drug. Though effective in the treatment of leukaemia, arsenic trioxide has not been able to be introduced into the treatment of solid tumour entities yet due to its dose-limiting toxicity. However, different in vitro and in vivo studies revealed arsenic trioxide to be a potent agent against different solid tumour entities, including atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumours (ATRT), a paediatric brain tumour entity with a very poor prognosis.

Exchangeable colloidal AFM probes for the quantification of irreversible and long-term interactions.

An original method is presented to study single-colloid interaction with a substrate in liquid environment. Colloids, either in solution or adsorbed on a surface, are fixed by suction against the aperture of a microchanneled atomic force microscopy cantilever. Their adhesion to the substrate is measured, followed by their release via a short overpressure surge.