Exploring Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Modulating Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease: A Review of Inflammatory Markers and Potential Effects.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by numerous motor and non-motor symptoms. Recent data highlight a potential interplay between the gut microbiota and the pathophysiology of PD. The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD leads to motor symptoms (tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia), with antecedent gastrointestinal manifestations, most notably constipation.

Impact of Physical Exercise on Levodopa Therapy Across Parkinson's Disease Stages.

Background: Levodopa is the gold standard of treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD). Its clinical effect changes as the disease progresses. Wearing off is a frequent first manifestation of motor fluctuations.

Validation of Polish version of Gastrointestinal Dysfunction Scale for Parkinson's Disease.

Aim Of Study: The Gastrointestinal Dysfunction Scale for Parkinson's Disease (GIDS-PD) is a novel, disease-specific self-report questionnaire used to quantitatively assess features of gastrointestinal dysfunction symptoms in patients with Parkinson's Disease. The aim of this paper was to validate the Polish translation of the scale, to summarise its consistency with the English language version, and to assess its clinimetric properties.

Clinical Rationale For Study: Gastrointestinal dysfunction is a common and often debilitating manifestation of Parkinson's Disease (PD).

Unilateral gamma knife thalamotomy for tremor safety and efficacy in multimodal assessment: a prospective case-control study with two-year follow-up.

Introduction: Unilateral gamma knife thalamotomy (GKT) is a treatment option for pharmacoresistant tremor of various aetiologies. There have been to date no randomised controlled trials performed to assess its safety and efficacy. Our aim was to summarise a two-year multimodal observation of patients with tremor caused by Parkinson's Disease (PD) or essential tremor (ET).

Pyruvate dehydrogenase-E1α deficiency presenting as generalized dystonia: A genetic diagnosis with important clinical implications.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) deficiency is a genetic mitochondrial disease mostly associated with severe lactic acidosis, rapid progression of neurological symptoms and death during childhood. We present a 33-year-old male with PDC deficiency caused by a Val262Leu mutation in PDHA1gene. He demonstrated generalized dystonia affecting trunk and upper extremities and paraparesis as the most significant features, with onset of symptoms at age 8.

ADCY5-related dyskinesia - case series with literature review.

Introduction: ADCY5-related dyskinesia is a rare neurological disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the adenylyl cyclase 5 (ADCY5) isoform, a protein that plays an important role in intracellular transmission. Variants in ADCY5 are associated with a spectrum of neurological disease encompassing dyskinesia, chorea, and dystonia. State of the-art.

Review of the epidemiology and variability of LRRK2 non-p.Gly2019Ser pathogenic mutations in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder. Genetic factors play a significant role, especially in early onset and familial cases. Mutations are usually found in the gene, but their importance varies.

Microbiota Dysbiosis in Parkinson Disease-In Search of a Biomarker.

Numerous studies have highlighted the role of the gastrointestinal system in Parkinson disease pathogenesis. It is likely triggered by proinflammatory markers produced by specific gut bacteria. This review's aim is to identify gut bacterial biomarkers of Parkinson disease.

Cathepsin B p.Gly284Val Variant in Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is generally considered a sporadic disorder, but a strong genetic background is often found. The aim of this study was to identify the underlying genetic cause of PD in two affected siblings and to subsequently assess the role of mutations in Cathepsin B in susceptibility to PD. A typical PD family was identified and whole-exome sequencing was performed in two affected siblings.

Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels Correlation with Other Inflammatory Factors in Prognosis of Disability and Death in Patients with Ischemic Stroke.

Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an inflammatory biomarker elevated in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this 3-year follow-up prospective study was to evaluate suPAR levels in patients with a first ischemic stroke in correlation with CRP, PCT, NT-proCNP and endothelin 1-21 and to investigate the impact of suPAR on the outcome. Fifty-one patients (mean age 73.

Cannabis in Parkinson's Disease - the patient's perspective versus clinical trials: a systematic literature review.

Cannabis and cannabinoids are often considered in the treatment of Parkinson's Disease (PD). The purpose of this paper was to perform a systematic review of the available data on cannabis treatment. We aimed to assess randomised trials as well as surveys among patients.

Proteomic Profile of Saliva in Parkinson's Disease Patients: A Proof of Concept Study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It affects many organs. Lewy bodies-a histopathological "hallmark" of PD-are detected in about 75% of PD submandibular gland samples.

Movement disorders associated with chromosomal aberrations diagnosed in adult patients.

Introduction: Chromosomal aberrations are rare but important causes of various movement disorders. In cases of movement disorders associated with dysmorphic features, multiorgan involvement and/or intellectual disability, the identification of causative chromosomal aberrations should be considered.

Aim Of The Study: The purpose of this article was to summarise clinical findings in six patients with dystonia and two with parkinsonism and identified chromosomal aberrations in a single-centre prospective study.

Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration in Various Forms of Parkinsonism-Similarities and Differences.

Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy body (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) belong to a group of neurodegenerative diseases called parkinsonian syndromes. They share several clinical, neuropathological and genetic features. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive dysfunction of specific populations of neurons, determining clinical presentation.

Validation of the Polish version of the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS).

Background: In 2008, the Movement Disorders Society published the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS). This has become the established tool for assessing the severity and disability associated with dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). We translated and validated the Polish version of the UDysRS, explored its dimensionality, and compared it to the Spanish version, which is the Reference Standard for UDysRS translations.

Validation of the Polish version of the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS).

Background: In 2008, the Movement Disorders Society (MDS) published a new Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) as the official benchmark scale for Parkinson's Disease (PD). We have translated and validated the Polish version of the MDS-UPDRS, explored its dimensionality, and compared it to the original English one.

Methods: The MDS-UPDRS was translated into Polish by a team of Polish investigators led by JS and GO.

In search of Parkinson's disease biomarkers - is the answer in our mouths? A systematic review of the literature on salivary biomarkers of Parkinson's disease.

The identification of reliable biomarkers of Parkinson's disease (PD) is a pivotal step in the introduction of causal therapies. Saliva is a biofluid which may be involved in synuclein pathology in PD. We have reviewed current studies on salivary proteins and compounds in PD patients and healthy controls, and their potential application as biomarkers.

The matter of significance - Has the p.(Glu121Lys) variant of TOR1A gene a pathogenic role in dystonia or Parkinson disease?

Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), has now become a very powerful tool for decoding variants of genes involved in pathogenesis of number of human disorders. One of the challenges of this method is to decipher the real pathogenic variants from a number of identified, not related to the disorder in analyzed case. Another issue is recognition of new phenotypes previously unrecognized but related to new variants combinations' in known genes.

The Neuromodulatory Impact of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation on Gait and Postural Instability in Parkinson's Disease Patients: A Prospective Case Controlled Study.

Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) has been an established method in improvement of motor disabilities in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. It has been also claimed to have an impact on balance and gait disorders in PD patients, but the previous results are conflicting. The aim of this prospective controlled study was to evaluate the impact of STN-DBS on balance disorders in PD patients in comparison with Best-Medical-Therapy (BMT) and Long-term-Post-Operative (POP) group.

Serum amino acid profile in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Amino acids play numerous roles in the central nervous system, serving as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and regulators of energy metabolism. The free amino acid profile in serum of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients may be influenced by neurodegeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, malabsorption in the gastroenteric tract and received treatment. The aim of our study was the evaluation of the profile of amino acid concentrations against disease progression.

Cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) - a case report and review of literature.

CANVAS (cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome) is a rare neurological syndrome of unknown etiology. The main clinical features include bilateral vestibulopathy, cerebellar ataxia and sensory neuropathy. An abnormal visually enhanced vestibulo-ocular reflex is the hallmark of the disease.