Change of Circulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Level and Reduction of Anhedonia Are Associated in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Treated With Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.

Aim: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been implicated in mediating the effect of antidepressant therapies as it plays a significant role in the neurogenesis. Anhedonia, an endophenotype of major depressive disorder (MDD), is related to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the major focus of brain stimulation in MDD. The aim of our study was to analyze the change of serum VEGF level after rTMS treatment in association with anhedonia.

Peripheral endocannabinoid serum level in association with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment in patients with major depressive disorder.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective and well tolerable biological intervention in major depressive disorder (MDD) contributing to rapid symptom improvement. Molecular mechanisms underpinning the therapeutic effects of rTMS have still not been clarified. Recently published animal data implicated relevant associations with changes in endocannabinoid (eCB) brain levels during rTMS treatment, human studies, however, have not been published.

[The use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of major depressive disorder: theoretical and practical considerations].

In the last 2 decades, a growing body of evidence documented the efficacy and tolerability of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of psychiatric diseases, especially of major depressive disorder (a.k.a.

[Investigation of the acute effect of bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in therapy resistant major depression patients].

Introduction: There is a 20-year history of rTMS treatment, however, is not available in Hungary in routine clinical practice for therapy resistant depression (TRD). In this study we analysed the change of symptom profile of a Hungarian cohort with TRD using bilateral rTMS treatment.

Methods: A cohort of 22 patients suffering from TRD was enrolled in the study.

[Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a potential biomarker in major depressive disorder].

Background: There is growing evidence that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role in neurodevelopment and regeneration. Several data support that intact VEGF pathway is indispensable for therapeutic effect of antidepressants, any disruption of VEGF signaling can result treatment resistance. In our study we investigated the peripherial blood VEGF level before and 4-week after antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive episode and we compared VEGF levels between responders and non-responders.

Maternal bonding styles in smokers and non-smokers: a comparative study.

Background: Parental bonding has been implicated in smoking behavior, and the quality of maternal bonding (MB) has been associated with poor mental health and substance use. However, little is known about the association of MB and the smoking of the offspring.

Methods: In our study, 129 smokers and 610 non-smoker medical students completed the parental bonding instrument, which measures MB along two dimensions: care and overprotection.

[Personalized medicine in psychiatry: nightmare of the industry?].

Personalized medicine is a hot topic in the literature of the psychiatric field but it seems that regular clinical application of valid tests are awaited. Urgent requirement of objective tools for screening high-risk patients is postulated by prominent authors because long-term set up time, serious side effects or ineffectiveness of psychiatric agents mean a great challenge for clinicians to find optimal therapy on time. Unwanted suffering from inaccurate medicine, progression of the disorder and mistrust or in adherence of the patients are dramatic consequences of the delay of adequate therapy which is linked with irreversible health and mental damages and financial loss.

[Emergency psychopharmacotherapy in Hungary -- preliminary data].

Objectives: Although the number of patients admitted for psychiatric emergency care is increasing according to data from various countries, there are no large-scale studies assessing clinical emergency practice and in several countries no national guidelines have been published concerning emergency care in psychiatry. The aim of our study was to assess practice related to emergency care of agitated-psychotic patients in Hungary.

Methods: Anonymous survey questionnaire with questions related to care of an agitated patient showing psychotic symptoms was dispatched to 210 institutions providing psychiatric care in Hungary in 2013.

[Successful clozapine treatment of primary polydipsia associated with hyponatraemia in a schizophrenic patient. A case report].

Polydipsia is the intake of more than 3-4 litres of fluids per day. Primary polydipsia (PP) occurs when excessive fluid intake cannot be explained by an identified medical condition. PP has a prevalence varying between 6% and 20% in the population of chronically hospitalized psychiatric patients.