A Comprehensive Review of Molecular Mechanisms, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Plant Sources of Juglanin: Current Landscape and Future Perspectives.

Juglanin (kaempferol 3--α-L-arabinofuranoside) is a flavonol glycoside occurring in many plants, including its commercial sources , and . Recent extensive studies have explored the potential of using juglanin in various pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disorders, central nervous and skeletal system disorders, metabolic syndrome, hepatic injury, and cancers. The results indicated a wide range of effects, like anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fibrotic, anti-thrombotic, anti-angiogenic, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, anti-apoptotic (normal cells), and pro-apoptotic (cancer cells).

Variation in the Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant, Antihyperglycemic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Leaves of during Growing Season.

is a medicinal plant that is beneficial due to its polyphenol-rich leaves. In the course of optimizing the harvest time for cultivated in Poland, the leaf samples were collected monthly during the annual plant vegetation season, and the hydromethanolic leaf extracts were evaluated for their phenolic composition and model biological activities, including antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. The phenolic profiles were analyzed using UHPLC-PDA-ESI-MS, HPLC-PDA, and spectrophotometric methods (total phenolic content, TPC) to understand their seasonal variability and its correlation with bioactive properties.

Light-Emitting Diodes and Liquid System Affect the Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivative and Flavonoid Production and Shoot Growth of (Willd.) Iljin.

Plant in vitro cultures can be an effective tool in obtaining desired specialized metabolites. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on phenolic compounds in shoots cultured in vitro. is an endemic and medicinal plant at risk of extinction due to the massive harvesting of its roots and rhizomes from the natural environment.

Phytochemistry and Biological Profile of L. and Wintergreen Essential Oil: From Traditional Application to Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.

L. is a medicinal plant whose aerial parts (leaves, stems, and fruits) and methyl salicylate-rich essential oil (wintergreen oil) are used in phytotherapy to treat inflammation, muscular pain, and infection-related disorders. This overview summarises the current knowledge about ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, molecular mechanisms, biocompatibility, and traditional use of and the wintergreen oil distilled from different plant organs.

Flavonol and A-type procyanidin-rich extracts of L. flower exhibit anticoagulant activity through direct thrombin inhibition, but do not affect platelet aggregation .

Blackthorn flower ( L.) is a traditional herbal remedy recommended for treating cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This study investigates the effects of flavonol and A-type procyanidin-rich blackthorn flower extracts on the hemostatic system, including the blood plasma coagulation cascade and platelet aggregation.

Chemometrics-Driven Variability Evaluation of Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and α-Glucosidase Inhibition of L. Fruits from Poland: Identification of Variability Markers for Plant Material Valorization.

L. (rowan tree) is a widely distributed European plant, valued for its nutritional and medicinal qualities. The medicinal application of rowanberries, relying particularly on their antioxidant and antidiabetic effects, is closely connected with the presence of numerous phenolic compounds.

Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and photoprotective activity of standardised Gaultheria procumbens L. leaf, stem, and fruit extracts in UVA-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gaultheria procumbens L. is a polyphenolic-rich medicinal and food plant. Its leaves, stems, and fruits are traditional anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial herbal medicines used to treat internal and external inflammation-related ailments, including rheumatic diseases, influenza, the common cold, fever, and skin and periodontal problems.

Anti-Diabetic Potential of Polyphenol-Rich Fruits from the Maleae Tribe-A Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Animal and Human Trials.

The Maleae tribe consists of over one thousand species, including many well-known polyphenol-containing fruit crops with wide-ranging biological properties, e.g., apples (), chokeberries (), pears (), quinces (, ), saskatoon (), loquats (), medlars (), rowans (), and hawthorns ().

Effect of Light Conditions on Polyphenol Production in Transformed Shoot Culture of Diels.

Various strategies have been used to increase the efficiency of secondary metabolite production in plants. This report is the first to examine the spontaneous development of shoots transformed by on hairy roots and the influence of light conditions on the phytochemical profile of this shoot culture. The transformed shoots were cultivated on solid MS medium with 0.

The Genus P. Browne as a Source of Biologically Active Phytochemicals for Pharmaceutical Application and Beyond-A Review.

P. Browne (Lythraceae) is a monophyletic taxon comprising some 240-260 species that grow wild in the warm, temperate, and tropical regions of South and Central America and the southern part of North America. They have been valued as traditional medicinal remedies for numerous indications, including treating wounds, parasitic infections, hypertension, digestive disorders, cough, rheumatism, and pain.

Role of Phytohormones in Biomass and Polyphenol Accumulation in In Vitro Culture.

is a plant native to the Chinese Yunnan Province. This species has been used in traditional Chinese medicine as a substitute for Danshen (the roots of ). The aim of our study was to establish an effective system for propagating shoots to obtain large amounts of material rich in bioactive compounds.

Enzymatically Modified Isoquercitrin: Production, Metabolism, Bioavailability, Toxicity, Pharmacology, and Related Molecular Mechanisms.

Quercetin and its glycosides, such as isoquercitrin or rutin, are among the most ubiquitous flavonoids present in plants. They possess numerous health-promoting properties, whose applicability is, however, limited by poor water solubility and absorption issues. Enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ) is an isoquercitrin derivative obtained from rutin via enzymatic transformations that greatly enhance its bioavailability.

Effect of Sucrose Concentration on (Willd.) Iljin Transformed Root Biomass, Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivative, and Flavonoid Production.

(Willd.) Iljin is a rare, pharmacopoeial, and medicinal plant, endemic to Siberia and endangered due to the massive collection of raw material from the natural habitat. The aim of the current study was to estimate the effect of sucrose concentration (0-7%) on transformed root growth and on caffeoylquinic acid derivative (CQA) and flavonoid production.

Valorisation of the Inhibitory Potential of Fresh and Dried Fruit Extracts of L. towards Carbohydrate Hydrolysing Enzymes, Protein Glycation, Multiple Oxidants and Oxidative Stress-Induced Changes in Human Plasma Constituents.

fruits (sloes), both fresh and dried, are underexplored dietary components and ethno-phytotherapeutic remedies applied to treat chronic oxidative-stress-related diseases, including diabetes. The present study aimed to evaluate drying-related changes in the antidiabetic potential of sloe extracts and some bioactivity mechanisms, which might be connected with their traditional application. The polyphenol-enriched extracts, prepared by fractionated extraction and phytochemically standardised, i.

The Inhibition of α-Glucosidase, α-Amylase and Protein Glycation by Phenolic Extracts of , , and Leaves and Fruits: Focus on Anti-Hyperglycemic Activity and Kinetic Parameters.

Cotoneaster species have gained significant importance in traditional Asian medicine for their ability to prevent and treat hyperglycemia and diabetes. Therefore, in this study, some aspects of the beneficial health effects of hydromethanolic extracts of C. bullatus, C.

Valorization of the Photo-Protective Potential of the Phytochemically Standardized Olive ( L.) Leaf Extract in UVA-Irradiated Human Skin Fibroblasts.

Leaves of are a by-product of the olive oil industry and a dietary supplement with acknowledged antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity but underestimated photoprotective potential. We investigated the protective effects of the LC-PDA-MS/MS standardized ethanol-water extract of olive leaves (OLE), containing 26.2% total phenols and 22.

In Vitro Strategy for the Enhancement of the Production of Bioactive Polyphenols in Transformed Roots of .

The underground parts of , a rare Chinese plant species, have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine. The -transformed root culture obtained from this plant might be a promising novel source of valuable phenolics, including rosmarinic acid. The present study identifies for the first time, the optimal growth conditions of hairy roots regarding production efficiency.

cytotoxic activity of Cham. & Schltdl. extracts related to the oenothein B content.

is a traditional medicinal plant species of the Lythraceae family. This work reports on the cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extract from the aerial parts of and the -butanol and ethyl acetate fractions against human skin and prostate cancer cells. The selectivity of action was tested in normal skin keratinocytes HaCaT and prostate epithelial cells PNT2.

The Effect of Standardised Leaf Extracts of on Multiple Oxidants, Inflammation-Related Enzymes, and Pro-Oxidant and Pro-Inflammatory Functions of Human Neutrophils.

The leaves of are polyphenol-rich traditional medicines used to treat inflammation-related diseases. The present study aimed to optimise the solvent for the effective recovery of active leaf components through simple direct extraction and verify the biological effects of the selected extract in a model of human neutrophils ex vivo. The extracts were comprehensively standardised, and forty-one individual polyphenols, representing salicylates, catechins, procyanidins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids, were identified by UHPLC-PDA-ESI-MS.

Polyphenols and Maillard Reaction Products in Dried Fruits: Quality Aspects and Contribution to Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity in Human Immune Cells Ex Vivo.

Dried fruits (sloes) are folk phytotherapeutics applied to treat chronic inflammatory disorders. However, their pharmacological potential, activity vectors, and drying-related changes in bioactive components remain unexplored. Therefore, the present research aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of dried sloes in ex vivo models of human neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs) and establish their main active components.

Polyphenol-Enriched Extracts of Fruits: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Human Immune Cells Ex Vivo in Relation to Phytochemical Profile.

The fresh fruits of L., a wild plum species, are traditionally used for dietary purposes and medicinal applications in disorders related to inflammation and oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition of the fruits in the function of fractionated extraction and evaluate the biological potential of the extracts as functional products in two models of human immune cells ex vivo.

The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of .

Hairy root cultures are valuable sources of a range of phytochemicals. Among them, root culture is a promising source of polyphenols, especially rosmarinic acid (RA), a phenolic acid depside with pleiotropic activity and a wide application in medicine and cosmetology. The aim of the study was to enhance the culture productivity by finding suitable elicitation protocol and to determine its biological potential in terms of antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial properties.

Bioactivity Potential of L. Flower: Phytochemical Profile, Antiradical Capacity and Protective Effects on Human Plasma Components under Oxidative/Nitrative Stress In Vitro.

Horse chestnut () flower is a traditional medicine applied to alleviate symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). However, its flavonoid-based composition has not been sufficiently recognized, and the data supporting its traditional application are lacking. In the work, 43 constituents were detected by UHPLC-PDA-ESI-TQ-MS/MS (flavonoids, phenolic acids, flavanols, and coumarins), including 31 reported in the flower for the first time.

The Effects of L. Fruit Extracts on Oxidative/Nitrative Modifications of Human Fibrinogen, Impact on Enzymatic Properties of Thrombin, and Hyaluronidase Activity In Vitro.

L. fruits (rowanberries) are food products with acknowledged nutritional value, high phenolic content, and traditional application in diabetes. In this study, the effects of rowanberry extracts (phytochemically standardised, i.

Screening for the Active Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Polyphenols of and Their Application for Standardisation: From Identification through Cellular Studies to Quantitative Determination.

Aerial parts, leaves, and stems of are polyphenol-rich herbal medicines with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The present study focused on identifying active markers of the extracts in an integrated approach combining phytochemical and biological capacity tests. The target compounds, representing all classes of polyphenols, were pre-selected by LC-ESI-PDA-MS/MS.