A clinical case of orbital inflammatory pseudotumor as the primary expression of eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis.

Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis (EAF) is an infrequent and slowly progressive disease, represented by fibroinflammatory lesions of unknown origin, which mainly involves the sinonasal structures and upper respiratory tract. Occasionally, it can affect the orbit and ocular adnexa causing symptoms such as proptosis, globe displacement and periorbital edema. In very rare cases, ocular manifestation as an orbital inflammatory pseudotumor can be the primary localization of the disease.

A clinical case of recurrent episcleritis as the initial manifestation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a type of small-sized blood vessel vasculitis that predominantly affects the upper airways, lungs and kidneys and associates with the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA). Nevertheless, any organ of the body can be affected by GPA, including the eye. Occasionally, ocular involvement can be the initial manifestation, thus representing an essential clue for the physician in the early diagnosis of the disease.

Advances in the treatment of uveitis in patients with spondyloarthritis - is it the time for biologic therapy?

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a heterogeneous group of diseases that includes ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis (ReA), inflammatory bowel disease-associated spondyloarthritis (IBD-SpA), and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (unSpA). This group of diseases shares several clinical, imaging, and genetic features; the integration of these diseases in the group of SpA is needed for an early diagnosis and a prompt treatment. Uveitis is the most common extra-articular manifestation of SpA.