Contribution of Hfq to photooxidative stress resistance and global regulation in Rhodobacter sphaeroides.

The photosynthetic alphaproteobacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides has to cope with photooxidative stress that is caused by the bacteriochlorophyll a-mediated formation of singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)). Exposure to (1)O(2) induces the alternative sigma factors RpoE and RpoH(II) which then promote transcription of photooxidative stress-related genes, including small RNAs (sRNAs). The ubiquitous RNA chaperone Hfq is well established to interact with and facilitate the base-pairing of sRNAs and target mRNAs to influence mRNA stability and/or translation.

Anoxygenic photosynthesis and photooxidative stress: a particular challenge for Roseobacter.

Roseobacter clade aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAnP) are abundant in photic zone environments of marine ecosystems. These bacteria form a photosynthetic apparatus at oxygen saturation, a situation expected to generate high levels of singlet oxygen (¹O₂) when light is present. Rhodobacter sphaeroides, an anaerobic anoxygenic phototroph, represses photosynthesis genes at high oxygen tension.

Systematic comparative protein expression profiling of clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a pilot study based on the separation of tissue specimens by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

Proteome-based technologies represent powerful tools for the analysis of protein expression profiles, including the identification of potential cancer candidate biomarkers. Thus, here we provide a comprehensive protein expression map for clear cell renal cell carcinoma established by systematic comparative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based protein expression profiling of 16 paired tissue systems comprising clear cell renal cell carcinoma lesions and corresponding tumor-adjacent renal epithelium using overlapping narrow pH gradients. This approach led to the mapping of 348 distinct spots corresponding to 248 different protein identities.

Protein synthesis patterns reveal a complex regulatory response to singlet oxygen in Rhodobacter.

Singlet oxygen (1O2) is a stress factor and signal in the facultative phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. In vivo protein labeling with L-[35S]-methionine and analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed that the synthesis of 61 proteins was changed in response to 1O2. After 1O2 treatment, protein synthesis patterns were distinct from those after H2O2 treatment but similar to those after high light exposure.

Analysis of the HUPO Brain Proteome reference samples using 2-D DIGE and 2-D LC-MS/MS.

Within the Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) Brain Proteome Project, a pilot study was launched with reference samples shipped to nine international laboratories (see Hamacher et al., this Special Issue) to evaluate different proteome approaches in neuroscience and to build up a first version of a brain protein database. One part of the study addresses quantitative proteome alterations between three developmental stages (embryonic day 16; postnatal day 7; 8 weeks) of mouse brains.

Proteome alterations in human host cells infected with coxsackievirus B3.

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a common factor in human myocarditis. The interplay between host factors and virus components is crucial for the fate of the infected cells. Despite that, host protein responses, which characterize CVB3-induced diseases, have not yet been determined in detail.

Identification of fatty acid binding proteins as markers associated with the initiation and/or progression of renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) representing the most common neoplasia of the kidney in Western countries is a histologic diverse disease with an often unpredictable course. The prognosis of RCC is worsened with the onset of metastasis, and the therapies currently available are of limited success for the treatment of metastatic RCC. Although gene expression analyses and other methods are promising tools clarifying and standardizing the pathological classification of RCC, novel innovative molecular markers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and for the monitoring of this disease during therapy as well as potential therapeutic targets are urgently needed.