Dietary sources of sodium in China, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, women and men aged 40 to 59 years: the INTERMAP study.

Public health campaigns in several countries encourage population-wide reduced sodium (salt) intake, but excessive intake remains a major problem. Excessive sodium intake is independently related to adverse blood pressure and is a key factor in the epidemic of prehypertension/hypertension. Identification of food sources of sodium in modern diets is critical to effective reduction of sodium intake worldwide.

Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial: baseline evaluation of selected nutrients and food group intake.

Background: Little has been reported regarding food and nutrient intake in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and most reports have been based on findings in select groups or individuals who self-reported having diabetes.

Objective: To describe the baseline food and nutrient intake of the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trial participants, compare participant intake to national guidelines, and describe demographic and health characteristics associated with food group consumption.

Methods: The Look AHEAD trial is evaluating the effects of a lifestyle intervention (calorie control and increased physical activity for weight loss) compared with diabetes support and education on long-term cardiovascular and other health outcomes.

Relationship of adiposity to subclinical atherosclerosis in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: There is an increased prevalence of macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes. The pathogenesis has been related to metabolic risk factors, insulin resistance, and obesity. One of the strongest predictors is the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis.